The leer is a fence that no modern boat can do without. Why is this so, and not otherwise, what function does this attribute carry and how to make sure that its installation does not hit your pocket? About all this - below.
What is a leer?
The birthplace of the word is Holland. Initially, a tight-drawn cable was called a leer along which you can move during bad weather conditions. Currently, such a fence not only provides security, but also carries a few more functions.
The paramount task is to ensure the safe descent and lifting of passengers on board the vessel. Many are embarrassed by the small height of the fence, but if a person slipped, the rail can prevent it from falling.
Bad weather or sudden movements often lead to an increased risk of loose luggage being overboard. And the presence of a guard rail will not allow this to happen.
The handrail is also a significant saving of space, because the fastenings of modern accessories (spinning holder, table, etc.) for boats are designed for the presence of a handrail.
Kinds
There are a huge number of railings that can be divided according to:
1. From the type of installation:
- stationary;
- collapsible;
- temporary.
2. From the installation site:
- ship;
- road;
- decorative and protective;
- balcony;
- roofing;
- staircase.
3. From the functional purpose:
- protective;
- safety belt;
- signaling;
- guide rail.
4. From the installation method:
- national team;
- welded;
- reference;
- attachment.
The standard source product for the manufacture of the vertical element of the guard rail is the most robust design: pipe, profile, channel, etc.
The simplest ship rail is an ordinary cable connected to the boat by means of a holder. The use of this type is considered the most suitable for those cases when everything depends on the mass, for example, when it comes to a sports yacht.
But a motor boat, boat or yacht is better equipped with a metal fence. The most common material is aluminum or stainless steel.
Homemade raer
If the acquisition of a professional trainer is very inappropriate at the moment, do not despair. This attribute can be made independently. All that is needed is to buy a pipe, bases for racks and several fixtures. The necessary tools are a drill (to drill holes) and a grinder (to cut pipes).
Leer is a very important part on a ship, so you should not start work without a sketch. The most common size (if the length of the vessel does not exceed 7-8 meters) is a pipe whose diameter value is 25.4 mm, less often 22 mm. In addition, it is necessary to purchase 2 types of fittings: one is necessary for connecting pipes to each other, and the second - for fastening pipes to the hull.
Types of rigging
“Ship rigging” is a phrase that can be used with respect to any gear or armament of an individual mast, sail control or any lifting work.
Fixed rigging on a large ship is provided by a steel and iron cable with a long service life, and on a small one - synthetic or tarred hemp. Ship rigging also involves the use of a chain with short links, as it provides much greater flexibility.
For the mobile version, hemp, flexible steel or synthetic cable is suitable. A sling or chain can be used together with a load-lifting mechanism (elevator, crane, hoist or conveyor), necessary to lift a large load.
Rescue equipment
When entering the sea, one must adhere to the immutable law, no matter what happens, the most important thing is to save human life. The rescue tool used on the ship may be individual or group.
Individual bib and vest in accordance with the instructions should be designed for each member of the team and for each passenger.
A group facility primarily refers to any lifeboat. For a very long period, it was an open rowing boat. Currently, wood, metal or plastic are used for its manufacture. The modern lifeboat has several airtight galvanized air boxes, the manufacture of which requires corrosion-resistant sheet steel.
Engines are usually located on large lifeboats, and the latest models are even equipped with enclosed spaces for victims.
Recently, the Navy has increasingly used plastic lifeboats for up to 33 people.
The closed type of this device is supposed to have a hatch with a waterproof cover. In such a boat, a person is not afraid of fire, smoke, heat, or even a surface covered with burning liquid fuel.
A lifeboat for a tanker must be motorized, and its speed cannot be less than 6 knots. Ascent and descent is carried out by means of a gravity davit equipped with an electric winch.
Rail guard design
The place where the rail cable will be located should be determined during the design of the vessel. The characteristics and design of the railings are described in detail in GOST 5.2124-81.
The height of such a structure should be at least 110 cm. To connect the racks, it is best to use longitudinal jumpers or a special mesh.
The guardrail must be continuous and encircling the entire deck. The gap can only be made if it is necessary to install special equipment. The exit / entry point for passengers must be equipped with a removable chain guard.
The fastening of the rails should be carried out in such a way that between them and the edge of the side there should be no more than 45 cm.
About height and safety
A reliable railing should fulfill many functions, but the most important thing is that the normative load is observed and human safety is ensured. So, the handrail of the fence should not be afraid of a load of 400 N / m.
If it is a safety modification, then the value of the permissible standard load increases to 700 N / m.
The value of the height of the protective fence varies depending on what the scope of application and which materials were used.
Storm Rail
Without a ship's gangway, it is impossible for people to enter the ship conveniently and safely, and to leave it, as well as access to a room or workplace located on any deck.
Storm rails are needed in order to ensure the safe movement of personnel during a storm overboard.
If the ship can choose a tropical area as the base, then while staying on it an awning device is installed. Canvas tarpaulin is pulled over the awning rails.