The basis for making managerial decisions is the formation of a creative act of a certain subject, which determines the program of activities of all
enterprise team. The implementation of these measures is aimed at effectively resolving emerging issues taking into account current legislation, the laws governing the functioning of the managed system itself and the corresponding analysis of information about its status.
The strategic basis for managerial decision-making is to identify measures to achieve the goals of the enterprise for the future. At the same time, administrative decisions are connected with constantly arising issues within the organization. Operational decision-making is focused on daily current issues.
The theoretical foundations of managerial decision-making in any plane of the enterprise’s functioning can be characterized in five positions. Economic sphere - the adoption of any management decision based on real value, the implementation of which is expected to receive a certain profit or loss. The organizational basis for making managerial decisions is associated with the direct participation of staff in the development of the project with its subsequent implementation. The technological position is to comply with a certain algorithm in the adoption and implementation of a decision. It should also be noted that if this algorithm is violated, there is a possibility of a significant decrease in the efficiency of the overall activity of a business entity. The legal basis for making management decisions implies compliance with applicable law. A rational approach to making an appropriate decision is based on its analytical justification.
When considering various areas of use of the implementation of measures, it is necessary to take into account the influence of certain factors on obtaining specific results. For example, the psychological basis for making management decisions involves taking into account the needs, interests, motives, incentives, attitudes and values of employees involved in the implementation of these activities.
In any case, the choice of a specific approach to the choice of a particular algorithm is due to several factors. The main one is the uncertainty, which is accompanied by most of the tasks in the socio-economic sphere. The existence of a procedure for the development of a management decision significantly reduces its uncertainty. As this concept, one should understand the list of blurry and fuzzy situations, the occurrence of which is associated with insufficient information.
Four levels of uncertainty can be distinguished:
- low, not affecting the general nature of decision making;
- medium, requiring revision of some decision development procedures;
- high, aimed at developing new procedures for decision making;
- super-high, beyond the understanding of the manager himself, who must make a definite decision.