If there is a need for space heating, then you can make a wood-burning stove. Do it yourself with your own hands, having certain welding skills, if you intend to use metal as a material. A fairly common variety of wood-burning stoves is a potbelly stove. It is quite simple, but its efficiency is enough to heat an oversized room. For the operation of such a furnace, you can use not only firewood, but also other types of fuel, namely: coal, garbage, peat, woodworking waste.
Making a portable oven
A wood burning stove can also be made independently. To do this, it is necessary to use a cylinder, which must be initially cut. It is preliminary recommended to prepare it by releasing propane. The upper part will become the base. You can cut the grinder. The bottom is cut off. Next, you can cut the firebox door. After the door should be installed on pre-welded hinges. Next, proceed to cutting the blower, which should be located at the bottom. Now you can begin the installation of the frypot. It is permissible to make it from a metal sheet (6 mm). This element is welded to the furnace, a grid is placed in advance in the internal space . A hole for the chimney is prepared in the brazier, into which the pipe can then be inserted. In order to make the oven convenient to use, handles can be welded to its sides. In conclusion, the structure is covered with paint.
Varieties of wood stoves
Stoves for heating on wood can be made not only of metal, but also of brick. But such installations are not so common, because building them is not very simple. In addition, very strict requirements are imposed on the material and characteristics of the chimney. If you make the design wrong, then it will not heat the house, but only turn into problems. Such an installation will not cost very cheaply, and construction work will take a lot of time.
Pros of a potbelly stove
A wood-burning stove for a greenhouse like a stove does not imply the need to establish a complex foundation, it will not require appropriate documents. It is very simple to maintain, and installation will be completely free. A potbelly stove can be used not only as a heating device, but also as a cooking stove.
Cons of a potbelly stove
However, the described furnaces also have their drawbacks, one of which is expressed in the rapid burning of fuel, while the second in rapid cooling, due to the lack of the ability to accumulate heat.
Manufacturing Features
The described wood-fired stove — it’s quite possible to do it yourself — must have a chimney, while in the room where it is supposed to be installed, it is necessary to arrange ventilation of the supply and exhaust type. Due to the fact that the installation is a source of increased fire hazard, the rules for its installation must be observed. So, it needs to be located as far as possible from flammable objects, among other things, it is necessary to build a fence that eliminates the occurrence of a fire.
Design Features
In order to make it possible to independently make a stove for a house on wood, you need to familiarize yourself with its design features. So, the basis of the product should be metal, the thickness of which should be equal to 4 mm and not less. The furnace is an indispensable component. In the manufacture of the furnace, you can not do without a grate, as well as a chimney and an ash pan. Fuel will be loaded through the door.
In order to facilitate the manufacturing process of the furnace, it is possible to use a steel barrel as the basis, however, it must be taken into account that its wall thickness must be equal to the one stated above. Gas cylinders, used steel pipes, and also sheet metal are excellent for this purpose. A metal corner is also useful.
If a wood-fired stove will be made with its own hands, then it is worth considering that it should contain two chambers. One of them will serve as an ashpit, while in the second there will be combustion. The firebox should have a slightly more impressive size compared to another camera. However, each compartment must have doors and openings.
Features of the grate device
Before starting the manufacture of an oven for your home or steam bath, you need to understand that the grate is located directly between the ash pan and the combustion chamber. But a door is attached to the firebox hole, which must have a reliable valve. The grate, on which the fuel is laid, is capable of enhancing traction in the interior many times. In addition, this element has another purpose, which consists in sifting ash. From here it has to be eliminated as it accumulates.
A wood-burning stove in a garage can have a grate with a rather different size of the longitudinal holes. This parameter should be reduced if during operation it is supposed to produce a furnace not only with wood, but also, for example, with coal. Experts advise to do just that in order to provide for all options for operating the furnace. It is permissible to install a prefabricated box made of thin steel into the ash chamber. It will make it much easier to eliminate accumulated ash, for this you just have to get the box out of the hole.
Chimney device
In order to make a chimney, it is necessary to make a hole in the upper plane of the structure, it must correspond to the diameter of the pipe, which is supposed to be used for this. It can have a curved shape, and you can position it at some angle. This can be done horizontally or vertically. Ultimately, this will allow heating the room in a much shorter time. A wood-burning stove should have a chimney, the diameter of which should not be less than 120 mm. Otherwise, you will get a potbelly stove that will smoke during work, and you will have to redo the structure in order to solve the problem.
When making a pipe, it must be remembered that horizontal sections should not be longer in length than 1 m, while the degree of their location should not differ from a value of 30 0 . And the section of the chimney that exits the installation must have a wall thickness, as in the design of the furnace, at least 3 mm. After 2 m, the chimney can be built of thinner steel, for example, 0.7 mm, this is due to the fact that the flue gases in this gap are no longer as aggressive in temperature.
Material Guidelines
A wood-burning stove with your own hands can be made using asbestos-cement pipes, it is only necessary to take into account that their installation is permissible exclusively from the outside, this is due to the fact that such a material is not able to cope with the effects of high temperatures. If you install such a pipe directly at the outlet of the flue gases, then it will soon lose its strength characteristics and crumble or become cracked. But with regard to asbestos cords, it can be noted that they are much more durable. They can be used if necessary to get rid of gaps in the structure that remained from improper operation of the welding machine. The outer area of the pipe must be positioned as high as possible with respect to the roof surface, this distance should be approximately 1.5 m, which will perfectly affect the traction intensity.
Furnace installation
Wood-burning stoves should be installed according to fire safety rules. Previously for this, it is necessary to prepare a harness made from a corner. In addition, the structure must be stable, for this the base should be as solid as possible, a sheet of steel should be laid on the floor. It is useful in case sparks fly out of the furnace while burning or loading fuel.
The subfloor steel sheet should be positioned so that it extends beyond the installation by 20 cm on three sides. But as for the front side, the sheet from under the oven should protrude 60 cm.
A wood-burning stove in a garage or in any other room should be made taking into account that the joints should be tight. This will eliminate the likelihood that smoke will fall into the space of the room, which is very harmful, first of all, for health, and only then - for traction. Outside, the located zone of the pipe, the minimum length of which was mentioned above, must be securely fixed with wire braces, while its upper part is necessarily covered with an umbrella-suppressor.
Increase furnace efficiency
Due to the fact that the wood-burning stove should produce many times more heat, it can be improved in some way. As a rule, a stove-potbelly stove has a pipe, which is located behind, which is very traditional. In order to increase efficiency, it is necessary to mount this structural element in front, this is done above the combustion chamber. This will provide the following effect. So, initially the walls of the furnace will warm up, which will increase the thermal efficiency. But if after manufacturing the furnace will be lined with brick, like the pipe itself, then it will be possible to increase the period until it cools completely, this, in turn, will save many times fuel.
Such a brick stove on wood will work even more efficiently if its internal walls are laid out with fireclay bricks. This is done if there is free space, because it will be necessary to increase the size of the structure. Such manipulations must be carried out directly in the furnace compartment. If you still have not chosen a way to increase the heat capacity of the furnace, then you can consider the option in which additional fins are installed. In order to implement this method, strips of thick steel, which will be perpendicular to the walls, must be attached to the side walls of the structure from the outside. In this case, the heated area will be increased many times, which will sooner warm the surrounding air. If you put a container filled with water on the stove, this will help to preserve the accumulated heat after the furnace process is stopped. Such wood-burning stoves can also be used to heat water, as well as cook food.
If you decide to make a furnace with ribs fixed to its walls, it is permissible to use a casing for protection. Its manufacture can be made of steel or special heat-resistant materials. This will significantly reduce the risk of getting burned while the fire is burning in the firebox.
Another excellent method of increasing efficiency is the use of steel pipes. They must have a significant diameter. They are welded on top of the furnace and sent in opposite directions, which should resemble a buleryan furnace.
Correcting problems in the furnace
A stove for a greenhouse on wood after manufacturing may not suit you. There may be several reasons for this, for example, the design smokes too much. This problem may be accompanied by difficulty in melting. In this case, it is worth considering whether the chimney was made according to the rules, in addition, this sometimes happens when using raw fuel. The reason may also be in the ash pan, that is, the blower may be too large. Quite often, the diameter of the chimney does not match the dimensions of the combustion chamber. Moreover, the chimney may not rise sufficiently above the roof surface.
In order to avoid such problems, it is necessary to prepare a drawing of the wood-fired stove in advance and work in the manufacture of it. But if all the above factors did not materialize, and the reason is in the wood, then they should be stored correctly, that is, under a canopy. It is also necessary to compare the dimensions of the combustion chamber, which, for example, are limited by a limit of 70x70 cm, while the chimney pipe should not be less than 110 cm. As for the size of the ash pan, by which the incoming air flow into the furnace is regulated, its dimensions should be 3 times less compared to the combustion chamber.
Before you make a wood-fired stove, you must first think about how much fire safety rules are followed. This acts as the most important circumstance in the manufacture of such a design. Only then can we proceed to the manufacturing and preparation of the site for the installation of the furnace. This will be the key to success.