Forged products are created using hot and cold processing. The latter method does not require special skills, but special devices are needed for its implementation. There are various drawings of cold forging machines, many of which are suitable for self-creating a tool.
Manufacturing Features
Forged metal elements are formed as a result of deformation, while in the process of work, the operational characteristics of the material should be taken into account.
The structure of the crystal lattice of a metal consists of grains having an irregular shape. The tool used for forging acts on it and changes the appearance of the part. Of particular importance is the selection of drawings of machines, since the workpiece must retain its previous properties.
Homemade cold forging machine: manufacturing rules
There are certain rules, compliance with which ensures the necessary result:
- Creating a suitable configuration is possible with several tools.
- Before starting production, the parameters of the formed products are calculated.
- The rods used for blanks can have a different diameter, which is selected taking into account the degree of complexity of the technique and subsequent operation.
- Only low-carbon steel is to be processed, as other types do not have the necessary ductility.
"Gnutik"
Manual cold forging machines can be made independently, it is enough to understand the intricacies of using the tool and choose the right drawing. "Gnutik" is necessary to create angles of various configurations. Its main structural elements are a moving emphasis and two shafts placed on a steel plate.
Self-made cold forging bending machines of this kind should be created in accordance with some features. For example, the angle of deformation should be determined initially. It is also possible to add an additional bending element, in case of its use a third rotating shaft is mounted.
The tool is made of special steel, since it is subject to heavy loads in the process. It is worth noting the ability to collect various parts, including undulating ones.
Twister and Snail
Today, art forging is not complete without details in the form of a screw. Their creation is provided by manual machines for cold forging. titled “Twister.” They have a characteristic feature, which consists in scrolling the rod along the axis. The tool consists of a movable and fixing part. The rotary handle deforms the workpiece, which is fixed between the main parts of the structure. It is worth noting that the spiral is formed on the side of the product mounting, and the applied effort can be reduced by correctly calculating the lever that exerts pressure. This device allows you to make parts for metal fencing and window grilles.
"Snail" is the simplest home-made cold forging machine, which provides the formation of spirals with the required number of turns. It is most popular and can be adapted to produce the desired product. The tool is equipped with a manual or electric drive, the type of which is selected in accordance with the intensity of operation.
Homemade Cold Forging Machine: Material Preparation
First you need to draw a spiral with an identical pitch of all turns. In this case, it is necessary to build on the workpieces used, since the stroke width, as a rule, is within 15 mm, while the tool is intended for rods with a cross section of 10 mm. Free space is necessary for maneuvering, since bending will become impossible with full compression of the workpiece.
Next, you need to cut a plate measuring 20x20 cm from a steel sheet. Despite its small dimensions, it will ensure an optimal workflow. In accordance with the length of the proposed "cochlea" a cut is made of steel. The strip must be bent using pliers, placed on the plate and outlined with a bright marker on all sides.
Next, a part of the rod is cut with a length equal to the width of the strip of steel. The main thing is that it does not exceed this parameter, as this can lead to injuries during bending. A rod is necessary for fixing the material at the first stage of product creation to prevent free movement at one point.
A part with a length of 10 cm is cut from the profiled pipe . It will combine the sheet and the base on which the fixing will be performed. Due to the high load, only thick-walled materials should be used. After all the basic elements have been prepared, you can assemble a home-made cold forging machine, the drawing of which is presented below.
Assembly assembly
The steel "snail" is divided into turns, the first of which will hold the workpiece, while the others will go on the turns of the rod themselves. The central part is welded to the base, and even the slightest flaws should be absent on the received seam. Pieces of the rod are welded to the main part of the strip, the distance between them should be 3 cm. Care must be taken when forming the seams, and then knock them down with a hammer.
Then the segments of the strip are installed in the necessary places and outlined with a marker. The resulting circles are needed to form holes. They must be fully consistent with the diameter of the legs to ensure easy installation and removal.
The final stage is the welding of the profile pipe in the lower part, as well as the fixing element next to the "cochlea". Photos of home-made cold forging machines made in this way are presented above.