Ensuring human security plays an important role, it is for this reason that many choose various means of protection. Pneumatic or, for example, firearms are not always available, and also unsafe. The stun gun refers to self-defense, for which a license is not required. For this reason, this type of protection has been quite popular for many years.
The choice of such devices is now quite wide, but you can make a stun gun yourself. The diagram below will help you understand everything quickly and easily. A homemade stun gun does not pose any danger to others and can only be used for self-defense. In the article we will talk about what this device is, how it works. In addition, we will tell you how to make a stun gun yourself, what are the features of its use.
Types of stun guns
Modern factory stun guns come in various forms. Externally, they can be of different sizes, differ in power and even have a body in the form of items such as a flashlight, pen, gun, lipstick, etc. The device can be powered by batteries or a battery. Batteries are installed in less powerful models. Sparking in a stun gun can be low or high frequency. Devices with a frequency of 50-80 Hz cause pain in the first second, but do not cause severe harm. As a rule, they can only scare. Devices with a frequency of more than 100 Hz allow for a while to neutralize the attacker. Stun guns differ in that low-frequency ones make a crackling sound, high-frequency ones make a buzzing sound. You can independently determine which stun gun in front of you, experimentally: more powerful devices can burn paper.
Such devices are used for self-defense in order to neutralize the attacker by applying an electric discharge. The stun gun creates a strong pain effect and acts on the muscles, paralyzing the attacker for a certain time. Use of this device is permitted only to persons who have reached the age of majority. To purchase a stun gun in a specialized store or to make it yourself - everyone decides individually. Buying a finished device is quite expensive, but simple. There is an alternative option - try to make a stun gun yourself. The scheme of such a device clearly shows what we have to face.
The choice of such devices is very large. They differ not only in appearance and power, but also in cost. The scheme of the simplest stun gun does not require high knowledge in the field of electronics, the necessary details are also available for purchase. The manufacture of such a means of self-defense cannot be called very simple, moreover, the device must meet a number of requirements. The electric circuit of the stun gun must be thought out so that the device is:
- compact, inconspicuous, not causing inconvenience when driving;
- powerful, able to neutralize the attacker and give you a few seconds to retaliate;
- with the possibility of recharging, since no one needs a disposable tool.
If you decide to make a stun gun yourself, remember that a device of a simple design should not consume a lot of energy. A well-made device, taking into account all the necessary recommendations, will function properly for a long time and will provide reliable protection against intruders.
What is needed for the independent manufacture of a stun gun:
- Soldering iron for alloy parts.
- Converter.
- Ferrite core.
- Capacitor.
- Arrester.
- Wire.
- Transformer.
- Epoxy resin
- Insulating tape.
Principle of operation
What is the principle of the stun gun? The circuit shown in the article assumes the following: an igniting capacitor acts on a transformer, resulting in a spark that pierces several centimeters of air. The capacitor at this moment directly beats with all its energy. The use of a conducting channel allows carrying out a charge without large losses, while not only the power of the device is preserved, but also its convenient dimensions. How to make a stun gun at home? Getting to work.
The transformer is the main part of the device, one of the most difficult to manufacture. For work, an armor core B22 made of 2000NM ferrite is required. An enameled wire (0.01 mm) will need to be wound around it. You need to wind up until there is about 1.5 mm of space in the core. An excellent result will be obtained if you wind with electrical tape. The result is 5-6 layers.
It should be noted that it is rather difficult for non-professionals to make a stun gun with their own hands. The layout may seem pretty simple, but there are a lot of parts to make during production. This is especially true of insulation. The coiled wire needs to be insulated with one layer of electrical tape, and then 6 more turns are made, but a denser wire with a diameter of about 0.8 mm. Making the third turn, you will need to stop and twist, after which you can continue and add 3 more turns. To ensure the strength of the structure, you can use superglue. At the end of the work, the cups need to be glued or wrapped again with electrical tape. Contacts should not be in contact with the environment, otherwise we risk instead of defense to cause electric shock to ourselves.
Further, for work, you need a tube with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 5 cm, made of polypropylene. In a stun gun, this part will be a sectional frame. To do this, use a drill to fix the bolt, which will fit the tube in diameter, and carefully groove the grooves with an emery cloth. It is important not to damage the pipe during operation and to obtain sections of 2 by 2 mm as a result. After that, with a clerical knife, you need to make an incision up to 3 mm wide along the frame without damaging the pipe.
Second phase
So, we continue to consider how to make a stun gun with your own hands. For subsequent work, you will need a wire whose diameter is 0.2 mm. It must be wound on all sections of the frame, while it should not go beyond. It is advisable to solder the start of the wire for more convenient operation or fix it well with glue, leave it free.
Ferrite core with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm must be processed using an emery wheel. The result should be a round piece. The ferrite core must be wrapped with electrical tape and made on top of 20 turns. You need to use the wire the same as for the first transformer, that is 0.8 mm. It is necessary to wind it in the same direction, after that it is necessary to insulate the wire in several layers.
The main part for a homemade stun gun
The prepared rod must be inserted inside the frame, from the side where the HV winding ends, and connect the two windings together. After this, the transformer must be placed in a cardboard box and pour hot paraffin. It only needs to be melted, but not heated to high temperature. It is necessary to fill in paraffin with a reserve, since after solidification it will settle a little. The excess part will be easier to trim. Now we have the main part, which will make the stun gun do it yourself. The diagram clearly shows the location of the main elements.
Charging device
The igniting conder is charged through the bridge, and the combat one through additional diodes. Due to this, one chain is not created. Any transistor can be used; there are no special requirements for a resistor either. The capacitor provides inrush current limiting, serves to protect the converter. If the assembly scheme of the stun gun involves the installation of a powerful transistor, then the capacitor can not be used.
6 AA batteries are installed. Transistors are mounted on a radiator. It is desirable that it has insulating gaskets. Install all the prepared parts. Most importantly, you need to fix the HV-terminals, the distance between which should be more than 15 mm. Otherwise, the stun gun has every chance of quickly burning out.
Charge frequency
To use a charger for a stun gun or not depends on the owner’s desire. The batteries are best suited as power supplies. The stun gun does not require a certain setting, it should immediately work. If you use the specified batteries, the discharge frequency should be close to 35 Hertz. If this indicator is lower, the transformer may be wound incorrectly or poorly, or other transistors should be selected. Empirically, you need to select the frequency of the discharges. This is done using contact divorce. Test the discharge frequency for 5 seconds. The distance should not be maximally possible, otherwise at one point the stun gun may burn out. Note that the breakdown of air is affected by pressure, humidity and other external conditions.
Housing
What is needed for a homemade stun gun? As a device case, thick cardboard is suitable, on which you can immediately draw the location of all the parts, and then proceed with their installation and fastening. It is best to bend the material with pliers. The glue is applied to the outside. It is important to ensure tightness of the seam. Details are preferable to place inside the case, and then begin to fix them one by one.
Locate the place to charge the battery and the start button. It is desirable to handle the stun gun with heat shrink, this will help to drown some elements a little inward and provide very good protection from the external environment. After using heat shrink, you must once again check the operation of the stun gun. Aluminum rivets should be used as protective electrodes.
The final stage of manufacture
After checking the operation of the stun gun and the tightness of the entire system, you can begin to fill the device with epoxy resin. After that, you need to wait 6-7 hours. At this stage, you can cut off the excess parts, give a convenient shape, until the epoxy is not very frozen. You can process the device with emery and then varnish the finished case. The operating manual for the stun gun does not require special explanations. This device is used for self-defense purposes, does not cause much harm to health and does not need a license.
Stun gun power
If the spark between the contacts of the device is small and causes doubts about the efficiency, then you can check it. How to increase the power of a stun gun? For this purpose, it is enough to use a conventional mains fuse, which must be located between the contacts, without creating a direct interaction between them. If the fuse blows, it indicates that the output current is already more than 250 mA. As a result of competent work, a compact and reliable means of protection with the necessary power is obtained.
Shooting stun gun
Let's take a closer look at how such a device looks. The firing stun gun is more complicated in execution. For this reason, many prefer a conventional device model. This device works as follows: a special unit is installed in it, which is directly connected to the electricity source by high-voltage wires; at the moment when the block hits the target, the voltage is applied to the electrodes, and an electric shock occurs. The design itself is difficult to manufacture. For work, you need a firing system and special wires. The disadvantages of such a stun gun should also include the fact that the device must be recharged after use. If there are several attackers, some difficulties may arise, and the stun gun will not provide adequate protection.
Safety when using a stun gun
It is important to remember that the device should only be used for its intended purpose and in case of danger. An electric shock is not fatal. But if a person suffers from heart disease, he may die. An electric shock to the chest area is dangerous even for a healthy person. It is safe and effective to use the device in the area of the abdominal muscles, where there are pain points responsible for coordinating movement. Such an application will allow the violator to be disabled for a while.
Improper use of a stun gun can harm the owner. For example, in wet weather, you can get an electric shock yourself . The stun gun is forbidden to use in water, near an open flame, and also near explosive objects. The thickness of the attacker's clothes does not affect the quality of the device. It is important to observe the time of the impact of the stun gun on a person. To lose orientation and cause pain, it’s enough to use the device for 1-2 seconds. Its prolonged use is unacceptable, as it can lead to electric shock with a fatal outcome. The effect of using the device lasts an average of 20 minutes. In doing so, avoid contact with the following areas:
- Chest area. The heart may refuse, and the perpetrator is accused of exceeding the necessary self-defense, which entailed death.
- Neck.
- Solar plexus. A person may suffocate.
- Head. Possible hemorrhage in the brain.
There are a lot of ways to create a stun gun at home, and we examined only one of them. In each case, you need to take into account certain features and subtleties, so as not to spoil the details and not to redo the work several times. The material for the manufacture of a stun gun and the result of efforts depend on the skill and experience of a specialist. You can buy the necessary parts or get them from other unnecessary equipment. Additionally, the device for convenience can be equipped with a flashlight. It already depends on personal wishes.
A large number of different models of stun guns are presented on the market, which also differ in power. For self-defense purposes, it is allowed to use a stun gun up to 3 watts, and only after reaching adulthood. Devices with higher power are allowed only for special services. Now you know how to make a stun gun at home. We hope that our article will be useful and will help to make a high-quality self-defense tool that will fully meet your expectations and will last a long time.