Brick chimneys are gradually being superseded by new designs. In their manufacture, new building materials are used. Such chimneys are called a sandwich pipe. They have a lot of advantages. However, the high cost does not allow everyone to purchase the presented design.
With a great desire to assemble a sandwich pipe with your own hands it will not be difficult. Detailed instructions will help the home master complete all the steps correctly. At the same time, he can not only assemble the pipe, but also mount it independently on the roof.
general characteristics
A construction, like a sandwich pipe, has appeared on the building materials market relatively recently. Production technology is constantly being improved. New types of materials are produced that allow you to mount any system and give it the necessary qualities.
Installation of a sandwich pipe with your own hands will save money on the family budget. The production of such chimneys is not very complex. The presented designs can be made from materials that are presented in construction stores.
A sandwich pipe is a construction of metal and insulation. Non-combustible materials, such as basalt wool, are used as the latter. Also, the structure of the structure has two pipes of different diameters. In the cavity formed between them is installed insulation. It is thanks to the simplicity of such a pipe that you can assemble it yourself.
Benefits
Making a sandwich pipe with your own hands is justified for many reasons. The presented design has a lot of advantages. First of all, it is necessary to note the versatility of the sandwich pipe. It is compatible with chimneys from virtually any material.
It is compact and lightweight. It is easy to mount it yourself. Moreover, the work will be completed in just one day. It looks aesthetically pleasing, able to complement the general appearance of a roof made of different materials.
One of the main advantages of the presented chimneys is its incombustibility. Basalt wool, which is used as a heater, does not burn or smolder at high temperatures. She will just turn to stone.
The rafter system does not prevent the installation of a sandwich pipe. Soot will not settle on the chimney walls, condensation will appear. Therefore, the system does not need to be cleaned often. The materials from which the pipe is made are not exposed to aggressive environments, chemicals, temperature extremes.
disadvantages
The list of disadvantages of sandwich pipes is quite modest. The designs on sale are relatively expensive. This drawback does not matter for those owners who want to make a similar chimney with their own hands.
It should also be noted that sandwich structures have not been used for over 15 years. This is also a dubious flaw. The building materials market is constantly improving. If new, high-quality materials are used in the manufacture of pipes, they can last longer.
According to professional builders, the presented systems are distinguished by a host of advantages that overshadow the disadvantages. It is for this reason that many owners create their own sandwich pipes. For a wooden-built bathhouse, the presented option is considered the best. It is also suitable for other types of materials.
Training
Do-it-yourself sandwich pipe installation is performed according to a certain technology. It includes several stages. First you need to make a drawing. To do this, carry out the appropriate measurements, think through the necessary details.
After creating the plan, you can purchase the required amount of materials. You should also prepare all the necessary tools in the work. Next, the structure is assembled and installed on the roof.
To make such a system, you will need to purchase a sheet for the inner part of the pipe from stainless steel, thermal insulation and an external sheet for the pipe, which can be made of galvanized steel, brass or copper. The selection of materials must be given special attention. The functionality and durability of the chimney will depend on this.
Material selection
Studying the question of how to make a sandwich pipe with your own hands , you need to responsibly approach the choice of materials. The inner section of the pipe should be made of stainless steel sheet. This material when heated minimally changes its size, does not deform. Galvanized steel is best used only on the outside of the pipe. Brass or copper may also be suitable for this.
The insulation between the two metal parts of the chimney can be made of mineral wool. This is a basalt fiber, which is characterized by minimal thermal conductivity. Its thickness can be from 25 to 60 mm. This material is environmentally friendly, does not ignite. This is a great option for creating a chimney.
Expanded clay or polyurethane can also be used as insulation. Do not use flammable materials for fasteners, insulation and other elements of the system. An ordinary factory boiler can heat the system to 120 ° C. But here a homemade stove for a bath, for example, produces a temperature of up to 800 ° C in the chimney. Therefore, materials must be selected very carefully.
Settlement
Do-it-yourself installation of a chimney from a sandwich pipe should begin with calculations. In accordance with the plan of the house, you can find out the distance of the chimney to the roof surface. However, it is important to correctly calculate the parameters of the site that will rise above the roof surface.
If the roof has a flat surface or minimal slope, the chimney should rise above it to a height of 50 cm. If the slopes are covered with flammable material, this figure increases by 2 times. The pipe must be at least 1 m in this case.
If the chimney is located at a distance of 3 m or more from the ridge of the roof, you must correctly determine the line of its installation. It runs at an angle of 10º from the center of the roof.
You should also pay attention to the cross section of the pipe. For a 3.5 kW boiler, a chimney with a cross section of 14x14 cm is suitable. If this indicator reaches 5 kW, the dimensions should be 14x20 cm. If the boiler has a rated power of up to 7 kW, a cross section of 14x27 cm should be made.
Pipe assembly
Making a sandwich pipe for a chimney with your own hands is quite simple. Having prepared all the necessary elements, having performed the calculations, you can begin to work. First you need to remove the film from all materials. If a factory-made boiler is installed, ordinary glass wool can be used. But for home-made furnaces, it is extremely important to use just basalt fiber. After unpacking it is left for 5 minutes. This will allow the fibers to straighten out.
A steel pipe (most often solid) will need to be wrapped with a layer of insulation. The outer part of the chimney can be assembled from several fragments. Galvanized steel is assembled using small screws. Mounting with their help will require both fragments and the surface of the sheet.
In some cases, the steel sheets are joined by welding. It is important to ensure high tightness of the system. In this case, it will be effective and safe. In the place where the pipe will pass through the roof, it is necessary to equip a special box. It is filled with expanded clay or other non-combustible material.
Chimney connection
Knowing how to make a sandwich pipe with your own hands is not enough. It is important to correctly install the presented design on the roof. To do this, you need to purchase special adapters. A pipe with a smaller diameter is inserted into the extension of the previous section of the chimney. This connection method avoids the appearance of soot inside the system.
If the chimney will pass through the wall, you need to make out a place for this process. This site will need to be strengthened. Next, the outer bracket is assembled. Special structural elements are attached to it, which will make it easy to move the tee in the process of attaching the chimney pipe.
The wall through which the installation will be carried out can be closed with a 10 mm thick plywood sheet. A sheet of asbestos is installed along its perimeter. A galvanized steel plate will also need to be mounted on this layer. All layers are strengthened with screws in the place where the pipe will pass. The bracket should be painted. Next, the pipe is threaded into the prepared hole.
Installation through the roof
You can bring out a sandwich pipe for the chimney with your own hands through the roof. On the inside, a galvanized steel sheet should be attached to the created hole. It is fixed only after the pipe is brought to the roof. If necessary, it can be brought under the edge of the roofing material.
If the pipe is tall (more than 1 m), you need to think through a system of struts. Otherwise, such a system would be unreliable. Crimp clamps are also used. This will prevent the pipe from tilting from the wind. When installing spacers, consider the wind rose in the area.
If the roof is made of bitumen or roofing material, the material is additionally protected from fire. For this, a deflector is installed over the coating. It has a quencher mesh in its design.
Pipe joints should not pass in the material of the ceiling or roof. These are the most fire hazard places of the chimney. The owner of the house should be able to control the joints.
Mount
Do-it-yourself sandwich pipe must be properly fixed. All knees, tees and joints must be tightened with clamps. It is especially important to consider the height of the chimney. Such structures must be properly fixed, strengthened.
Clamps are tightened at the joints of the sandwich pipes. If there are tees or adapters, two mounting elements will be required.
Supports can be created from corners of 50, 30 mm. It is also important to use heat-resistant sealant. This substance prevents air from entering the pipe. If you do not ensure the tightness of the system, traction in it will be insufficient. Carbon monoxide may enter the room.
Final stage
Do-it-yourself sandwich pipe must be properly mounted. It should be noted that the distance of the entire chimney should be a total of 5-6 m. The distance is measured from the tip to the grate. A sealant will need to process all joints. Also, the space between the two pipes from above must be treated with the presented tool. The circle with insulation must not remain open.
Pipes are processed both indoors and outdoors. The joints on the outside of the chimney should also be sealed. Moreover, after starting the system, all the connection points must be carefully checked. In the presence of leaks, the joints are once again treated with a sealant that can withstand heating temperatures up to 1000 º.
Having studied how to assemble a sandwich pipe with your own hands, you can create a chimney yourself in accordance with building codes. At the same time, it will be possible to save money from the family budget, to mount a strong, durable system that will not need to be restored for many more years.