Home preparation of preschoolers for school

Preparing preschoolers for school is a very responsible process. Your child’s performance, diligence and other important points will depend on how you do this. Whereas first graders did not have serious requirements, now their views have changed dramatically. Thus, if your child came to school without an initial knowledge base, at least it will be difficult for him to keep up with the rest. Well, all the ensuing consequences will not be long in coming. There will be difficulties in communicating with the team, complexes and so on.

So high-quality preparation of a preschooler for school is the key to the future success of your child. Where to start and what to look for? What tasks are suitable for the development of memory, mathematical thinking, writing, imagination? Let's try to figure it out.

What should a child be able to do when entering first grade?

Before you start preparing preschoolers for school, you need to familiarize yourself with what your child needs to know. At 6-7 years old, the child should clearly know the following things:

1. Surname, name and patronymic of his and his parents, close relatives (grandparents, sisters, brothers, aunts and so on).
2. The country, city, street, house where he lives.
3. Time of day, sequence of months in a year, number of days and weeks in a month, names of days of the week.
4. The main names of animals, fish, birds, plants, etc.
5. The basic rules of the road.
6. Major holidays and state symbols.
7. Primary colors of the spectrum.
8. Where "right-left."
9. Talk about your favorite activities.

The child should have certain skills and knowledge in the intellectual direction. So, the child must be able to guess riddles and puzzles, solve simple problems, find differences, lay out pictures, collect puzzles, construct simple things.

The speech development of a child at this age implies that he will be able to recount a fairy tale or poem, retell or compose a story from a picture. It’s better to start these exercises with small, interesting texts. Then only you can switch to longer ones. Everything should be gradual. This knowledge will subsequently help the student to write well, retell texts, and learn poetry by heart.

At the age of 6-7, a future student should know the basics of mathematics, count from one to ten and vice versa, increase the number by 1 or 2. Orient in the names of the main geometric figures, be able to make simple applications from paper and fabric, natural materials. Have an idea of ​​the concepts of length, width and height of figures.

As for reading, here your child needs to be able to divide words into syllables, to distinguish vowels and consonants. Read small sentences.

Do not forget to teach the child to correctly hold a pen and pencil, draw different lines, hatch a picture, draw by cells and dots. Auditory dictations will help in this, when when drawing through the cells some kind of drawing gradually turns out.

If the child is already 6 years old, he can be accepted in some schools without a conversation with a psychologist and elementary school teacher, but if you want to pass the five-year plan into first grade, you need to be prepared for the fact that a special committee of teachers will test the child's readiness for learning. The future first-grader will be asked to solve several puzzles, tell some verse (or ask what verses he read himself or with his parents), count to ten, solve puzzles. In gymnasiums and lyceums for all first-graders, an exam is conducted, including a psychological test for readiness for school.

GEF

The abbreviation GEF stands for Federal State Education Standard. Simply put, this is a document that is drafted in order to outline the basic requirements for the educational process, aimed at achieving certain results in education. These standards apply to pre-school education, education in schools, secondary specialized educational institutions and higher educational institutions.

On the basis of the federal state standard, all curricula are developed, both for first-graders and for students of the last courses of higher educational institutions.

Three components, as a rule, are in education standards:

1. Requirements for the educational program. They should be taken into account by educators when preparing curricula.
2. Implementation of the compiled program. It involves logistical, financial support, as well as work with the team, including parents.
3. The results of the educational process are what children should learn to do as a result of mastering the program.

GEF for preschoolers

Let us dwell on the main points of the GEF for first graders. What does GEF imply for a preschooler preparing for school? The main goal of the system of preschool education involves the upbringing of a harmonious personality who will be ready for school, and subsequently for independent, adult life. The child should psychologically be prepared for the further educational process and being in the school team.

The official program for preparing for the school of preschool children in GEF identifies five areas:

1. Physical It provides comprehensive activities for the physical development of a preschooler, this includes water procedures, sports competitions, wellness procedures.
2. Artistic and aesthetic. It involves the development of individual creative abilities, familiarity with history, culture, music.
3. The socio-psychological direction is needed in order to adapt the child to the team, to learn how to interact with peers.
4. Speech Behavior. The basics of this area are developed for each age category separately.
5. Cognitive. Develops a child’s interest in the world around him, the society in which he lives.

In order to prepare a preschooler for learning independently, it is advisable to adhere to these standards and directions. Then the development of the child will be harmonious.

Preparing a preschooler for school

To prepare a child for school on their own, you need to know how specialists do it, and think about what to build on. Consider the example of one of the work programs for preparing for preschool children. Directions of preparation:

• development of mental abilities, attention and memory;
• development of correct speech;
• socio-psychological preparation;
• mastering basic knowledge of mathematics and literacy.

To develop correct speech, the program for preschoolers preparing for school involves reading poems by Russian and foreign poets, conversations on the topic of reading, memorizing and expressive reading, role reading. This can be an interesting entertainment for the whole family, because you can not just read fairy tales, but make an entire presentation. For example, it’s enough to make finger puppets out of paper, prepare a text for all participants in the performance, gather the audience and begin the performance.

Preparing a preschooler in writing is a lengthy process. This is due to the fact that to ensure the process of writing, the child must be well developed: fine motor skills, motor apparatus, coordination of movements, imagination, and thinking. Therefore, the preparation of a preschooler in writing includes not only the development of writing skills, but also the following exercises:

• speech games - "Guess the word", "Continue the story", "Make a riddle", Name the sound "and so on;
• designing or composing letters from various elements;
• indicative actions, or tracing the contours of the subject, hatching and so on.

To develop mathematical abilities, you need to teach a preschooler really many things. To develop attention to the child, you can offer labyrinths, a comparison of figures in color, size and other characteristics.

To develop the imagination, exercises aimed at composing figures from parts or dividing figures into parts will help. You can still make up a story from pictures or design crafts yourself.

For the development of memory, visual and auditory dictations will help.

Preschooler Speech Development

Preparing preschoolers for a speech development school is very important. This will determine how the child masters the written speech. What exercises will help for speech development?

1. The task is to collect a portfolio, but with certain conditions. If the item is needed in the briefcase, invite the child to pat, if not, to sink. You can find poems on this topic, then the child will be easier to perceive the game.
2. Invite your child to continue your phrases and name specific subjects. For example, you say, “I will name five vegetables ...”, and the child continues and calls, or “I will name five pets ...” and so on.
3. Tell the child the words with the missed sound, he must guess what sound is missing.
4. Practice antonyms. You can do this as follows: you throw the ball to the child and say: “Warm”, he should throw the ball back and say: “Cold”.

You can find the “Preparing for School” course on the Web - classes for preschoolers, print and do with your child.

Preschool writing skills training

The learning process of writing should go hand in hand with learning to read. These two directions go in parallel, otherwise there will be no sense. Work on teaching writing skills is necessary in the following areas:

• finger gymnastics;
• correct orientation on sheets of paper;
• development of fine motor skills.

In the first direction, you can apply finger games, cutting with scissors, drawing and coloring. In the second direction, tasks with hatching on non-lined and lined paper, tasks with writing various elements are needed. Such tasks for preschoolers in preparation for school

Teaching a preschool child the basics of mathematics

Mathematics is another important subject. Some children are geared toward mathematics, while others are more fond of the humanities sciences. In preparation for school, classes for preschoolers in mathematics can be as follows:

1. Quadrangles. Draw polygons on a piece of paper, from them invite the child to choose quadrangles.
2. Figures. It is necessary to prepare cards with numbers. Then show the child two or three numbers, mix them with the rest and ask them to find.

You can print such tasks for preschoolers in preparation for school on paper and use if necessary.

Classes for the general development of a preschooler

General development is also important. To prepare for school, classes for preschoolers for general development play an important role:

1. Applications. Help your child make an applique. For such activities, you can use anything you like: leaves, cereals, pasta, colored paper, cardboard and so on.
2. For the development of motor skills, an exercise with snowflakes is suitable. Cut various snowflake patterns with your child.
3. Plasticine molding is a great option for classes. You can sculpt fruits, vegetables, animal figures.

You can develop cognitive abilities during a normal walk. At the appropriate time of the year, explain to your child in simple words why the leaves fall, why they are yellow, what is rain, snow, why is it warm in summer and cold in winter. We can talk about animals and plants, natural phenomena, other cities and countries (in comparison with our climatic conditions).

Physical training

Do not overload the child only by completing tasks and exercises. Find time for outdoor activities or exercise. So, you can do daily exercises with your child. Well, if it will be in the fresh air. You can send the child to the swimming, wrestling, dancing, or any other sport section.

Be sure to do physical exercises between exercises. Good health is one of the key to your child’s learning success. In between letters, it is enough to stand up, bow down several times, stretch your fingers and hands, stand on toes.

Important Tips for Parents

Preparing preschoolers for school is an important process. You need to deal with the child consistently. You won’t be able to make a child prodigy in a month or two of chaotic work.

The main thing is not that the preschooler learns to write beautifully, correctly read and solve problems in mathematics. It is much more important that the future first-grader learns to think, compare, draw conclusions. Classes should be regular. Lessons need to be done not only useful, try to make the child like them. The lesson should be no more than 15-20 minutes.

Be sure to believe in the success of your child, praise him for any, even minor achievements.

Increase the difficulty of the tasks gradually. Make sure that the previous material is well understood. Learn to write block letters first, then capital letters. Play with your child at school. For example, you are a teacher, he is a student, and vice versa.

Explain to the child what discipline means. Teach you to finish the job and defend your opinion correctly. Talk more often, read, communicate.