For motorists, a dead battery can be a real problem. It should also be borne in mind that in the winter it is quite difficult to start a car. In this regard, there is often a need to use a launcher and charger. Today, many manufacturers are ready to offer this product. According to the characteristics of the chargers are quite different. However, you can make a model of this type on your own. To this end, you must familiarize yourself with the device device, as well as find out its basic configurations.
Conventional Charger Diagram
A simple starter-charger circuit includes a threshold transformer and a series of resistors. The coil for devices is most often used at 20 V. It should also be noted that the models have a damper. It is intended for resonant vibrations. Extenders in chargers are most often set to a dynamic type. Transistor blocks are used the most diverse. To connect the model to the battery, clamps are used, which in shape can vary quite a lot.
6 V device
The scheme of the starting-charging device of this type of transformer involves the use of a threshold. However, first of all, you should make a solid case for the model. Making it yourself is quite simple. For this purpose, it was important to select sheets with a thickness of about 2.3 mm. In this case, the basis must be further strengthened. To do this, many experts recommend using a welding machine to build a base. After that, the transformer is laid. The coil should be next to it. In this case, it is best to select a low-frequency damper.
The output voltage must be at 5 V. It should also be noted that the expanders on the ROM for a car of this type are suitable only dynamic. Capacitors are used field. To install them, all contacts are cleaned first. Directly soldering the elements occurs using a blowtorch. At the end of the work, the appropriate clips are selected for the battery.
How to make a charger on 10 V?
Making a do-it-yourself charger with your own hands is quite simple. In this case, you must first deal with the model body. Some make it from planks. However, in this situation, much depends on the dimensions of the transformer. If we consider threshold analogues, then they weigh a lot. Thus, the base of the device must be solid.
It is also important to make the model transportable. To do this, in the upper part you need to fix the handles for carrying the device. In this case, the transformer is best installed in the center of the base. After that, a damper is laid. If we consider linear resonant analogs, then they must withstand the minimum output voltage at a level of 10 V. Moreover, the vector frequency should fluctuate around 44 Hz.
Further, in order to assemble a device of this type, it is necessary to take an expander. Many in this situation prefer non-condensing modifications. However, in this case, the load on the transistors will be quite large. It is more expedient to select clamps on an autonomous starter-charger device of aluminum type. They are practically not subject to corrosion.
12v models
You can assemble this type of starter-charger yourself using electrostatic capacitors. Nowadays it’s quite easy to get them. For this device in the case you need to make a pad. Before installing the transformer, it is necessary to lay the seal on it. Only then will it be possible to tackle the inductor.
It is selected most often with a primary winding. At the same time, capacitors for the model are more suitable for open type. They can withstand the maximum output voltage at a level of 20 V. It should also be noted that extenders in this case must be installed last. Before this, it is important to fix the damper. In some situations, regulators are also used to control power.
In this case, a good power supply is required. It should also be noted that it can only be installed with a zener diode. In order to fix the clamps on the device, you can use the welding machine. At the end of the work, it remains only to fix the damper of the device. It is usually installed near the transformer. According to the instructions, the launcher should be checked for grounding before starting.
Single Phase Modifications
To make this type of do-it-yourself charger, you will need an integrated transformer. Nowadays, these modifications are quite popular among motorcyclists. First of all, when assembling the device, it is recommended to pre-prepare all the necessary tools. In particular, a high-quality welding machine and a blowtorch along with a set of keys are selected for self-production. On the 12-24V starter-charger, the case is made of metal sheets with a thickness of at least 1.4 mm.
At the same time, they can be twisted simply with screws. After that, it is important to lay the rubber seal on the bottom of the case. Next, it will be possible to directly install the transformer. To fix it, many experts recommend making a special insert. It represents a U-shaped emphasis. To do this, you need to take boards with a width of about 3.5 cm. To properly fasten them, you must first measure the case. The next step is to install a damper on the 12-24V launcher.
In this case, it can be used of the resonance type. The output voltage of the specified component must withstand at the level of 20 V. It should also be noted that capacitors for the model buy only open type. They are able to maintain a minimum frequency at around 45 Hz. At the end of the work, it remains only to fix the power supply and solder the wires to fix it on the battery.
Biphasic devices
To assemble this type of do-it-yourself charger, you will need to use a powerful transformer. In this case, the coil must withstand the maximum output voltage at a level of 20 V. The dampers for the device are very diverse. In this case, a lot depends on the type of capacitors. Some experts in this situation prefer open modifications. They can serve quite a lot.
Resistors for the device are suitable only integrated. Finding them in the store is easy, but they cost a lot. Next, to assemble the device, you will need to use a powerful expander. Modifications of the dynamic type are not suitable in this case. Induction models are considered more stable. In order to fix the clamps, it is necessary to use a cable with a diameter of about 0.4 mm.
Three phase models
Charger circuits for automotive batteries of this type involve the use of powerful transistor blocks. In order to install them, you must first prepare a site for them. In this case, the housing can be built open without a top. In this case, you can transport the car launcher-charger on wheels. Transistors in this situation are selected network type. The minimum output voltage they can withstand about 15 V.
The frequency parameter of these elements on average does not exceed 40 Hz. The transformer for the model is selected as a standard threshold type. In this case, the coil must be designed for low frequencies. The damper on the car launcher of this type is selected resonant. Only install it on the seal. Some specialists additionally install display systems for three-phase modifications. They are needed in order to look at the panel for the level of output voltage.
Application of pulse transformer PP20
Device circuits include transformers of the PP20 series, as well as resonance-type dampers. Capacitors for this model are only suitable for the electrostatic type. It is necessary to begin assembling the device with welding the base. For this, metal sheets are prepared with a thickness of about 2.2 mm. Coils with primary winding in this case are used quite often.
At the same time, display systems are suitable for the most diverse. In general, the above transformer output voltage is able to withstand at the level of 15 V. Zener diodes are used only magnetic. As clamps, aluminum clips can be successfully used. Their conductivity is pretty good, but they vary in shape. In this case, it is better to give preference to small-sized modifications.
Use of transformers PP22
Transformers like PP22 are very common today. Coils in this case are used with copper winding. Their density is quite high, and they are able to serve for a long time. However, there are still drawbacks to such devices. First of all, it should be noted that models with the specified transformer suffer from increased output voltage. Thus, sudden surges in the network can lead to complete overheating of the capacitors.
Also, resistors often fail. If the display system is installed in the device, then the diodes burn out from overvoltage. Install transformers on models only with seals. At the same time, the toggle switch for them is suitable for the P2 series. In turn, indicators are often used in class IN3.