Anyone who first visits Christian Lingemarck’s wonderful website lyngsat.com, which is a source of satellite broadcasting information, is usually confused when it comes to reading and using data. Most veterans of satellite reception appreciate its constantly up-to-date and reliable reference information, which is essential for checking active transponders. But for beginners, people who have just started doing FTA reception, the Lingsat frequency table may seem intimidating. To appreciate the full value of this reference tool and how much it contains useful data, you need to understand the meaning of the figures on the site.
Lyngsat: frequency tables, satellite information
On the first page of the site there is a table with hyperlinks to satellites, packets and high-definition channels in the Asian, European, Atlantic regions and in America. Further, there are transitions to open television and radio channels in different parts of the world. For example, the frequency table "Satellite Channels of Russia" appears when you click on the Russia link of the Free TV / Europe page.
Then follows a list of recent updates with a logo and a transition to the parameters of the channel and transponder from which the broadcast is being conducted.
At the bottom of the web page are links to:
- packages of satellite TV providers;
- frequency table "Lingsat" open television channels;
- Internet TV
- news about changes in satellite broadcasting;
- data on the technical status of the lyngsat website and the status of daily and weekly newsletters;
- information on the procedure for updating parameters of existing channels;
- frequencies, channels of popular satellites in Ultra HD format;
- information about launches into geostationary orbit ;
- channel logos LyngSat Logo;
- standardized television coverage cards.
Receive Parameters
The table of frequencies of channels and keys from the main satellites is available by hyperlink at the top of the page located in the Satellites line and the column with a range of longitudes. For example, to retrieve data for Astra 4A at 4.9 ° East, select Europe in the 73 ° E-0 ° E column. In the table that appears with a list of satellites broadcasting to Europe, Africa and the Middle East, it is necessary to select the required option. In addition, it contains information on the broadcast range (L / S / Ka, C, C + Ku, Ku) or on the movement of the satellite.
On the page that opens is a table of frequencies and keys for satellite TV channels with the following columns:
- frequency and polarization, transponder number and hyperlink to the coverage map of its beam;
- logo of the operator or channel;
- their name;
- links to packages, open channels, Internet broadcasting, teletext;
- broadcast standard and coding system used;
- parameters SR, FEC, SID, VPID;
- ONID, TID, C / N, APID and broadcast language parameters;
- source and date of last change.
Frequency and polarity
The Lingsat frequency table and polarization information are parameters without which it will be impossible to tune into a channel.
For example, the inscription 4180 H means that a C-band transponder is used at a frequency of 4180 MHz with horizontal polarization. 11749 V denotes a Ku-band transponder at a frequency of 11749 MHz with vertical polarization.
Polarization of a signal indicates how it arrives at the antenna. Satellite broadcasting uses two types of polarization, linear and circular. Linear signals are transmitted in a plane oriented either vertically or horizontally. The circularly polarized signal comes in the form of a “corkscrew”, either right-handed (clockwise) or left-handed (counterclockwise). The receiving head or converter must match the type of signal received in frequency and polarity.
Title
If several streams are broadcast on one frequency, then MCPC takes place, which stands for “several channels per carrier”. This is a “multiplex”, which is also indicated by the acronym MUX or the word “bouquet”. In the table, the name at the top of the block corresponds to the name of the multiplex service provider, and the data below represents the actual channels contained in the bouquet. For example, SES Ukraine is the supplier, and TET, “2 + 2”, “1 + 1 International”, Glas, Espreso TV, Rada, Era TV, Telekanal Ukraina are the actual TV channels. The listed items are links on which you can go to the corresponding site for more information about the services provided.
Signal type
FTA reception fans will first of all need a list of channels and frequencies on Lingsat in DVB or Digital Video Broadcast standard. In addition to digital, the signal can be analog, for example, NTSC. This is the standard of the National Television Systems Committee, adopted as the standard in the United States.
There are still many analog satellite broadcasts, although the vast majority of channels are broadcast in digital encoding. The line “1 + 1 International” is colored in orange, since the broadcast is closed. Below the name of the MPEG-4 encoding is the name of the BISS signal encryption standard. Nagravision, PowerVu, Conax, Viaccess, Videoguard are examples of other coding systems used around the world.
The lines TET, “2 + 2”, Glas, Espreso TV, Rada and Era TV are colored in yellow. This means that these channels are open and can be received by all FTA receivers. DCII or MPEG 1.5 FTAs ​​are not supported.
The Lingsat frequency table uses the following channel color coding:
- white - analog open;
- pink - analog coded;
- yellow - open digital standard resolution;
- orange - closed digital SD-quality;
- light green - open digital high definition;
- green - encoded digital HD quality;
- pink - Internet or interactive;
- gray - technical for office broadcasting.
Video PID
The abbreviation PID can be decrypted as a “packet identifier”. All digital satellite data is sent as data packets. Each of them has its own identification number. The PID protects the data of one channel from being interpreted as belonging to another. In addition, the packet identifier determines the data type - audio or video. Each video channel in the multiplexer has three PIDs - video, audio and PCR. The purpose of the first two explains their name. All digital data must be precisely synchronized, and the PCR PID is a data packet that contains a clock signal. It happens that it is contained within the video PID, but it shouldn’t.
For example, Espreso TV has a video PID of 6151, and a channel of Rada has 6171.
Audio PID
Continuing the discussion of packet identifiers, the Espreso TV’s APID is 6152, and the Rada’s channel is 6172.
Next to the PID is the inscription Uk. This means that the language is Ukrainian. This information is useful for determining the desired audio packet in the case when two or more APIDs with accompaniment in different languages ​​are simultaneously transmitted on the same channel. For example, the audio PID 7692 English Club TV is labeled R, which means the use of the Russian language, and 7693 E says that the broadcast is in English.
For analog channels, these numbers correspond to the audio frequencies used for manual tuning of stereo sound - the left and right channels, respectively.
Baud rate and FEC
On the Lingsat website, the frequency table contains another required parameter - symbol rate (SR), which corresponds to the data rate of the medium. The higher the SR, the more information can be transmitted. For example, SR Viasat is 27,500, while English Club TV has a transfer rate of 30,000 characters per second. In most cases, SR is an indicator of the number of channels transmitted by the carrier frequency.
FEC, direct error correction, is usually calculated by the receiver, so this information does not need to be entered, with the exception of some, mainly old receivers. Âľ FEC at the SES Ukraine provider means that out of every 4 bits 3 are reserved for data transmission and 1 for error correction.
Beam
A satellite is like a flashlight that shines on Earth. Its beam has a certain brightness or power, as well as a spread that covers a certain territory. The assumption that you can receive a signal from all satellites that are within line of sight is incorrect. To do this, the beam must cover a specific location. It can be sent to the whole hemisphere, a specific country or a small geographical area the size of several hundred kilometers.
On the Lingsat website, the frequency table under the transponder number contains a link, clicking on which you can see the coverage map with the specified signal power and data on the correspondence of the size of the EIRP antenna to the effective radiated power. For example, the orange section of the coverage map for the SES Ukraine transponder indicates that to receive multiplex channels in Central Europe, Turkey, Scotland and Sardinia, you will need a satellite dish no larger than 50 cm.
Source / Updated
This column contains the name of the source that updated this entry. The date of the last change is also indicated here.
References
White icons located in the column between the name of the provider and the coding system are links designed to provide additional information on a specific program or service.
- Field "F" is a link to a web page with a list of open channels.
- The “S” field will transfer to the webcast page the video or audio.
- If the satellite TV provider transmits channel packets, then the “P” icon will direct them to a detailed list.
- The “T” link allows you to view teletext.
- The “U” icon will allow you to get data about a specific uplink station.
Service ID
Service ID is the digital service channel used by the provider. This is also a very important parameter that will be required during configuration.
the freedom of action
This article does not pretend to be a complete guide to using the site, but is just a guide for those who want to learn how to create their own broadcast lists for FTA receivers so that they can use the site, understanding the meaning of the columns of numbers. At least this will allow you to understand the settings of satellite receivers and program them as you wish, not content with standard settings.