At the moment, the greenhouse business has become popular . Greenhouse products are sold year-round. If in summer there are all natural favorable conditions for growing a crop, then in winter in a greenhouse it is necessary to create them using special equipment. This applies not only to additional lighting, but also to the heating of the structure.
Varieties of greenhouse constructions
There are several types of greenhouses:
They differ not only in their functionality, but also in their designs and the quality of the material for manufacture. It is from such factors that the heating system depends.
What greenhouses can be heated
There are no restrictions on such actions. The choice of type of construction depends on the type of plants that are grown. Do-it-yourself heating of the greenhouse can be done in both winter and summer designs.
Important. It is worth considering that summer greenhouses can be used not only in the hot season. They are effectively used for growing plants in early spring or late fall. In this case, it all depends on the material from which they are made.
Another thing is a winter greenhouse. Heating in it should function continuously. This is due to the fact that in winter there is a rather low temperature regime on the street, which negatively affects the growth of plants and their development. For them to exist normally, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for this.
Characteristics of summer greenhouses
Summer designs are lighter and more mobile greenhouses. They can both be easily mounted and dismantled. It all depends on their size and functionality.
They are made on the basis of a frame made of wood or metal. As a rule, all elements of this design are bolted together, which makes it possible to quickly disassemble the greenhouse.
As a coating, light materials are used. Quite often, a plastic film is used, which has excellent technical properties and characteristics. There are a huge number of varieties of film.
Tip. When choosing such material, you need to focus on seasonal indicators. The colder it is on the street, the film should be denser.
Mounting polyethylene is quite simple with an improvised tool.
You can also use polycarbonate as a coating for summer greenhouses. It is more practical and durable.
Characteristics of winter greenhouses
These buildings are already more fundamental, as they are used for growing plants in the cold season. Any improper installation actions can lead to the death of plants due to the harmful microclimate in the structure.
Such greenhouses are made on the basis of a durable frame. It can be either wooden or metal. There are various parameters of this design.
Tip. For a longer use of the greenhouse, it is best to take a metal frame as a basis. It has a long service life and is able to withstand any technical load.
You can grow any kind of plant in such greenhouses. Polycarbonate is used as a greenhouse coating. Only for these purposes there is a special type of this material - cellular. It consists of certain cells.
The main advantage of polycarbonate is its ability to perfectly retain heat inside the structure and diffuse sunlight when it hits the surface of the greenhouse.
Important. If there are some restrictions for heating a summer greenhouse, then polycarbonate greenhouses can be heated in a variety of ways. Most importantly, the plants should be comfortable in the created conditions.
Methods of manufacturing a heating system
Today, a heating system in any type of greenhouse design can be home-made or purchased from an official manufacturer. All these methods of heating the structure have their own certain pros and cons.
The benefits of a homemade heating system
To save a little, many try to make the heating of the greenhouse with their own hands. But only in such works there are some nuances. First, you need to know the heating system diagram. Secondly, at least a little disassemble in the system of its connection.
As a rule, do-it-yourself heating of the greenhouse can be mounted based on the use of special equipment: boilers, heating electric systems, and more. Boilers can be solid fuel or run on a gas basis.
Important. Gas boilers for heating the greenhouse can only be used in the area where there is a central city gas supply pipe. Do not use standard cylinders, since this method is economically disadvantageous.
Special electrical equipment can be used in small structures. Otherwise, you will need a fairly large number of devices for heating the greenhouse, which will negatively affect the costs of doing business.
Varieties of home-made heating systems in the greenhouse
Before you make heating in the greenhouse yourself, you need to study all the possible heating connection schemes and the basis for their functioning. At the moment there are:
- greenhouse heating water;
- using mining (oil).
The principles of such heating systems in greenhouses are similar. Various raw materials for heating are simply used.
How to make heating yourself
To make the heating of the greenhouse with your own hands, you need to think about how oil or water will be heated. It can be special boilers. Only here it is impossible to do without interruption supply of electricity, since equipment of this type works only from it.
Pipes with water or oil are distributed around the entire perimeter of the structure. It is best if they are cast iron or from simple metal. These materials heat up quite well, retain heat and give it away.
Tip. All elements of the heating system must be fastened together by welding. Before pouring liquid into the pipes, check their integrity.
It will be mandatory to install special pumping equipment for running the fluid throughout the system. Only in this way will the water or oil warm evenly.
Factory-made heating systems
At the moment, the heating system of greenhouses can be factory-made. It is based on certain finished equipment, which simply and quickly connects according to the prescribed instructions.
Tip. It is not recommended to make all such connections on your own, as you can make a mistake that will cause damage to all equipment. It is best to invite a professional in this field.
Varieties of factory heating systems
Today, heating systems in a factory-made greenhouse can be different. The most popular is infrared heating of greenhouses. This method of heating has been used relatively recently, but has already managed to win its supporters.
Most often, infrared heating of the greenhouse is chosen for heating the structure in winter. There is special equipment for this.
At the moment, there may be such heating systems:
The heating of the greenhouse in winter from these types is selected based on which plants are grown in the structure.
Tip. If the crops grown love excessive heat, then preference is given to subsurface heating. In another case, it is best not to risk it, as the root system of the culture can dry out and die.
The surface heating of the greenhouse in winter with the help of infrared radiation can be used in any design and for any culture. The most important thing is that there is an optimal temperature regime and humidity level inside.
How to connect a subsurface heating system yourself
Many are interested in the question of how to make heating in a greenhouse on their own. Everything is pretty simple. It is necessary to initially determine the equipment. It can be block or in the form of plates.
Tip. For subsurface heating of the structure, it is best to give preference to infrared plates. They perform their functions more efficiently.
Immediately you need to carry out preparatory work. These include conducting electricity to the site. It is best to use a separate line for this, to protect other equipment and wires from overheating and burnout.
Be sure to install a control panel on the greenhouse or next to this design. It allows you to adjust the temperature and turn the system on or off.
All plates are placed inside the soil at a depth that must correspond to the size of the root system of the grown crop. It is best if they are located at a distance of 20-30 cm from it.
Soil is already laying on top of them. Only here it is worth considering that infrared heating cannot be used on soils with charcoal elements. The soil will overheat, and the root system will simply burn out from such an impact.
Advice
Heating systems can not only create a favorable microclimate inside the structure, but also harm the cultivated culture. The most difficult will be to choose the optimal heating mode.
It should also be noted that if the greenhouse has its own heating system, then ventilation should be carried out regularly. Especially if the polycarbonate greenhouse is heated, as this material reliably holds the heated air inside.
Ventilation helps to remove warmed air from the greenhouse. You can perform it with the help of special equipment that is installed in the structure itself and works automatically at certain settings, or manual ventilation, which consists in independently ventilating the greenhouse by opening doors and windows.
Tip. The windows in the greenhouse must be mandatory, since the heated air rises and it will not be possible to completely remove it from the greenhouse by simply opening the door.
You can do the ventilation automatically. There is a special technique for this. It works from temperature sensors inside the greenhouse. As soon as the set heating mode is reached, the equipment for the door or window is triggered, and the structure begins to air.
With manual ventilation, it is worth considering that it is best to carry it out in the warm time: in the late morning, at lunch. In the evening, the structure can be ventilated only when seedlings or crops are quenched.
There is one more nuance. If there is no knowledge in the field of connecting the heating system, then it is better to trust the professionals in this field. Only they will be able to give guarantees for their work and perform them efficiently and in the prescribed manner.