In order to successfully assemble a do-it-yourself vibrating plate or any other device, you need to understand how it works. In addition, many are interested in the question of whether there is a benefit in spending a large amount of time and effort, if you can just purchase a ready-made sample.
The principle of operation of the plate
Immediately it is worth starting with the fact that the manufacture of a vibrating plate with your own hands will cost about 10-12 thousand rubles, while a factory sample can cost 50 thousand rubles. It is clearly seen that, from an economic point of view, a home-made option is almost 5 times cheaper. What is this equipment? There is a heavy platform, on top of which a vibrator is installed for the vibrating plate with his own hands, and the engine is mounted on it. The connection between the motor and the vibrator is carried out by two elements - this is the coupling and V-belt drive. This creates the following action. The engine makes rotational movements, which are transmitted to the vibrator, where they are converted into oscillatory ones. This force and movement transfers to the entire surface of the plate, and through it it reaches the material to be compacted. Due to vibration, the particles are displaced, thereby filling all the voids that are in the coating.
The result of this work was that the coating is very dense. In addition, if the equipment has a reverse gear, then it can be successfully used in pits and trenches.
The main parts of the device
As for the main components, the plate itself naturally belongs to them. It can be made of either cast iron or steel. This is very important, since its characteristics directly depend on the quality of the material of which the plate is made. For example, if you use low quality cast iron, then when tamping such surfaces as sand or soil, it can become covered with cracks. Another important parameter is the area of the slab. The lower this value, the more pressure the device will exert on the coating.
Another important component of the machine is the vibrational force that it can exert. Depending on this parameter, you can determine the quality of the tamper. Other things being equal, equipment that has more effort will naturally compact the surface better.
Types of cars
It is also worth noting that when assembling the vibrating plate with your own hands, you need to determine in advance its type. For example, if you need to compact the asphalt, then a force of 10 kN will be small. For laying paving slabs, it is necessary that the vibrating plate with a weight of 75 to 90 kg has a vibration force of not more than 18-20 kN. Otherwise, the force will be too large and the tile will crack.
It is important to note that in the manufacture of a vibrating plate with your own hands with an engine, you need to determine the type of this equipment. You can use an electric, gasoline or diesel engine. Since we are talking about use in home areas, it is immediately worth noting that the best choice, from the point of view of economy, is an electric motor. Naturally, the main drawback is the need to connect to the mains. A vibrating plate with an electric motor with your own hands can be used only in those places where it is possible to draw a cord or have a socket.
Basic parameters for work
As for the operation of the device, the most convenient will, of course, be diesel or gasoline. However, there are some nuances. Diesel fuel is cheaper, but the engine is the most expensive of the three, while gasoline is average in price, but fuel will be more expensive. It is very important to choose the right power, as the convenience of work depends on this characteristic. The higher the setting, the easier it is to move the plate. Very powerful plates move almost by themselves, only the direction is set. Weak devices can bury in the coating, especially if they go downhill.
The main parameter is also the mass of the plate. When choosing components, you need to calculate their weight so that in the end you get the right one. For the simplest jobs, light models are suitable, their weight is 75 kg. The most universal and often used are considered machines with a weight of 75 to 90 kg. Medium-heavy objects are devices with a weight of 90-140 kg. And for the most large-scale works, vibrating plates with a weight of more than 140 kg are used.
Beginning of work. Engine
How to make a vibrating plate with your own hands? To start answering this question is that first you need to choose the right engine. It is better to use electric, as described above. This part will cost the most, but it will also be responsible for the vibration power. It’s best to choose a vibrator for a vibrating plate with one’s hands that works from a 220 V network. The best models are the IV-99E and IV-98E.
Other suitable models operate on a 380 V network, such a three-phase power supply cannot always be implemented on site. The cost of a good engine is about 5000-8000 thousand rubles.
It is also worth noting that you can make a gasoline vibrating plate with your own hands. In this case, you can use a three-stroke gasoline engine with one cylinder, for example, Honda.
Assembly parts
In addition to the engine, you will need another important detail - this is a working platform. It is most often made of steel sheet with approximate dimensions of 80x45 cm and a sheet thickness of 8 mm. It is very important that the weight of the plate be at least 60 kg, and it should be perfectly even. In addition to the main details, you will need the following:
- the vibrator is fixed to the base due to two channels;
- the electric motor is fastened by means of M10 bolts, and the gasoline by M12;
- the handle needs soft elastic pillows;
- pipe sections for wheels;
- two plastic wheels from usually carts;
- the handle is made of a hollow pipe with a length of 1.2 m.
The list of necessary tools for work includes a grinder, a welding machine, a hammer, as well as a set of metalwork tools. As for the drawings, they usually do not, because the design and assembly are quite simple.
How to make a vibrating plate with an electric motor do it yourself
The first thing to do is to remove the cover from the electric motor so that it is possible to adjust the force of vibration. The next stage is work with a steel platform. When working, it is important that the machine does not bury itself in the ground. To do this, take a sheet of steel, step back from the front and rear edges of 10 cm and make an incision 5 mm deep. After that, using a hammer, you need to knock the edges so that they go up about 25-30 degrees. Get small semicircles. To restore strength to the sheet, cuts are welded.
After that, you need to weld the channel. Their location should be based on where it will be convenient to install the engine and where the center of the plate will be. When assembling an electric stove with your own hands, you need to make sure that the welded channel channels do not protrude due to the working surface of the platform. When welding, it is best to make transverse seams, they are more reliable. Next, you can go to the engine mount. For its installation, it is necessary to drill holes in suitable places in the channels. The motor is installed using a level and, when set up properly, you can fix it with bolts.
Additional work
A do-it-yourself electric vibrating plate with a 220 V engine will create strong vibration not only in the platform. It will also be transferred to the pen and worker. In order to extinguish it, elastic pillows are used, which are fixed in those places where a person holds on to the handle.
In addition, this design is quite heavy. For this reason, it will be difficult to transport. To solve this problem, it is necessary to weld a hollow pipe in a convenient place to the equipment frame. This pipe serves as the basis for mounting a pair of wheels. It is important that these parts are easily mounted and dismantled if necessary. Another trick that you can resort to when creating a homemade vibrating plate with your own hands is a loop of rope. In the process, you can hold on to these loops, if any. Thus, it is possible to completely avoid vibration in the hands of a working installation.
Improving homemade efficiency
Given the previously installed elements, we can say that the assembly of the vibrating plate is completed. However, there are some additions, by installing which, you can increase the efficiency of homemade equipment. For example, to increase the efficiency of tamping, a tank with a hose is installed in front of the plate. There is water in the tank, which is used to wet the surface, thereby improving the quality of work. However, it is important to note here that the tank must be installed in such a way that water from it does not get into the engine, especially if it is electric.
Home-made devices are great for tamping sand, gravel and soil with a layer thickness of up to 10 cm. In addition, after the device is assembled, you must check it so that there are no visible damage, chips or other defects. It is also important to check the reliability of all fixtures. It is very important to keep the engine clean during prolonged use, as the contaminated surface will overheat.
Gas engine
When choosing a gasoline engine, the installation process is no different from an electric one. However, there is a significant difference in the operating rules that must be observed. It is very important to keep track of some things.
Firstly, it is important to frequently check the candles and clean them of soot, which will accumulate. Secondly, you have to monitor the oil level. It is worth noting that the first oil change should be carried out no later than after 25-30 hours of operation. In the future, you can change it after 80-100 hours of engine operation. You will have to regularly change the air filters. A little nuance. It is best to change the oil after work, when the engine is still warm, and fill gasoline only when the device is turned off.
Rammer and surface
When assembling the device, the surface with which you will have to work in the future plays an important role, this must be taken into account in advance. For example, if the color coating is to be processed - sand, gravel, gravel, then a plate that has an increased vibration frequency will be required. If the basic work with a ground surface is supposed, then instead of the frequency of vibrations, it is worth worrying about the greater amplitude of vibrations. However, it is worth noting that at high amplitudes a good depreciation system will be needed.
Another important point to know is the type of tamper. All plates are divided into two types, depending on where and how they move during operation. A move can be of two types - direct and reverse. A device with a direct stroke type plays the role of an almost ordinary roller, as it moves only forward. Reversible equipment is different in that it can move in any desired direction. This significantly saves the time required to complete the work, but requires a better management system.
From all of the above, we can conclude that it is quite possible to assemble a vibrating plate with your own hands. In addition, it will save a significant amount of material resources, and it will take not so much time.