Currently, air travel is no longer unusual. People fly on them every day. However, this is not quite what you want. To satisfy the desire for flight, it is best to design an ultralight aircraft.
What are the requirements for ultralight aircraft
When this area of activity was just beginning to develop, many people made many design errors or neglected any important requirements, without which flight was impossible. For this reason, many have not been able to launch their own device. However, several decades ago, the Ministry of Aviation issued a collection of specific requirements for ultralight aircraft. There are a lot of them, however, among them there are several most important.
- Do-it-yourself devices must be easy to operate, easy to control when landing, as well as take off. In addition, using management methods other than traditional is strictly prohibited.
- If the engine of an ultralight aircraft fails for any reason, its design should provide planning and a smooth landing.
- The maximum allowable take-off run of the aircraft before take-off is not more than 250 meters. The minimum speed during acceleration must be at least 1.5 m / s.
- The efforts exerted on the control stick should be in the range from 15 to 150 kgf depending on the complexity of the maneuver being performed.
- The clamps for the steering planes must withstand a load of at least 18 units.
Design
In addition to the general requirements for ultralight aircraft, there are also certain conditions regarding the design of these devices.
The main requirement for this kind of device is as follows. During the construction of the apparatus it is unacceptable to use steel, cables, hardware of knots and other materials of unknown origin. This is due to the fact that the unit itself belongs to the group of devices of increased risk for human life. Another very important condition is that if the assembly of the aircraft with your own hands is using wood, then it should be without any visible flaws, knots, wormholes, etc. In addition, in compartments where moisture may accumulate for any reason, drainage holes must be provided.
Build nuances
The use of bent pipes or traction is highly discouraged. This is especially true for those sites where the occurrence of efforts to compress or stretch the material. Without fail, when assembling the aircraft with your own hands, you need to ensure that all threaded connections are locked, and the hinged joints of the movable type must be equipped with a mechanical stop. Do not use growers or self-locking nuts . All cables used during assembly should be without knots, core damage. In addition, they must undergo mandatory treatment with anti-corrosion compounds.
High plan
The most simple version of the aircraft in terms of manufacturing is a high-wing aircraft. This model is a monoplane with a pulling motor propeller. It is worth noting that the circuit of this device is already quite old, but it is reliable and time-tested. Of the shortcomings of these aircraft, there is only one minus - in an emergency it is quite problematic to leave the cockpit due to the mono wing. However, the design of these units is very simple, which is the most important feature when assembling the aircraft with your own hands.
- The wing is constructed of wood according to a two-slider design.
- The material for the frame is welded steel. Riveted aluminum options can also be used.
- As sheathing, fully linen materials can be used, or combined types can be used.
- The cabin must be closed. It should be closed by a door according to the type of car.
- As a chassis, the usual pyramidal type of device is used.
Upright strut model
The model of a single-engine high-wing "Leningradets" is one of the varieties of a self-made aircraft, the design of which is also very simple. If you assemble the aircraft with your own hands, you need to know the following details. The wing can be made of pine plywood. The fuselage is welded from a conventional steel pipe, and the usual linen version is used as a skin. As wheels for the chassis, parts from rural equipment were selected. This is done so that you can start from an unprepared surface. The engine of the aircraft is based on the design of the MT8 model motorcycle engine, which has 32 horsepower. The take-off weight of the device is 260 kg.
This aircraft demonstrates the best qualities in the field of control, as well as ease of maneuvering.
Do-it-yourself drone
Unmanned aerial vehicles ( UAVs ) are also quite common today. It is worth mentioning that the assembly of this unit, especially if it is assembled with the latest technology, will be quite expensive.
As the main material, you can choose one that, according to the characteristics, resembles foam, but at the same time it will not deform from the use of glue, and its strength characteristics will be higher. You can also use a fairly lightweight, but very rigid foam polyethylene. It is worth adding that to assemble this device you will have to independently master the skills of working with a soldering iron.