If a person often faces the fact that he needs to make something out of wood, just loves to do it or makes things to order, then he just needs a machine. To buy such things is not only expensive, but they also do not always fit in size, they can be inconvenient or not fit into the design. But a homemade do-it-yourself machine, made to the right size, fits perfectly into the space of the room and will always be convenient.
Engine
If it was decided to manufacture this device on your own, then it is important to choose the right components. For example, in order to construct a milling machine for wood, you will definitely need an electric motor. This part can be of several types.
The first type of motor that can be used in the manufacture of the machine with your own hands is asynchronous. The advantage is that it does not require maintenance, and also allows you to work with a larger mill. Among the shortcomings, one can single out a large amount of noise that the engine makes during operation. However, here the question is purely individual.
Manifold engine. This option is slightly worse than the previous one, for the reason that over time and the work of the part, the brushes that have to be changed are worn out. The more and more intensively the engine is used, the more often you will have to change the brushes.
Engine power
To choose the type of engine for a do-it-yourself machine with your own hands is not all. It is necessary to pay attention to the power of this element. This is a very important indicator.
Machines with power up to 0.5 kW are best suited for surface treatment of material. It is worth adding that it will be possible to process on such a machine only the softest types of wood and use only small cutting tools.
The second type of engine power for a DIY machine is 1.2 kW. As practice shows, this indicator is the most universal and in demand. This power is quite enough for deep processing of wood. For home use, 1.2 kW is enough.
The last type of power is up to 2 kW. Most often, such machines are already semi-professional. They open up wide possibilities for processing wood, allow using almost any type of milling cutter, and also process some types of plastic and soft metal - aluminum.
Speed and power of the workbench
If we talk about the number of revolutions for a home-made machine with their own hands, then everything is pretty simple and clear. The higher the numerical indicator of this characteristic, the cleaner and more efficient the final processing of the wood part will be. However, there is another small plus. If the speed is high enough, then such an engine is not afraid of such tree defects as knots. The mill will pass them without any problems.
With food, too, everything is quite simple. Most often, those engines that are powered by 220/50 are selected. Installing and connecting this type of engine does not cause problems. Several more difficulties arise when connecting elements with three-phase power.
Workbench and frame for the unit
A wood-made machine tool must have such an element as a workbench. The choice of its size should be based on what details will have to work in the future. The dimensions of the table on which all this will be mounted do not really matter.
The frame for the machine should be selected so that it is not only very durable, but also able to withstand dynamic loads. The main difference between a self-assembled machine on an electric tree and a manual one is that the device itself will not move, but the workpiece will have to be actively moved. From a practical point of view, the use of wood for a machine frame is not a good idea. All due to the fact that over time the tree dries up, becomes covered with cracks and loses its strength. The most optimal option would be a metal pipe, which has a square or rectangular profile.
Countertop
When choosing this element, everything is exactly like with a frame, but vice versa. Metal will not be the best choice as starting material for two reasons. Firstly, the countertop will turn out to be very massive and will look too rough. Secondly, you will have to use welding to fix everything securely.
It is best to use one of the following three materials:
- planed boards;
- boards from chipboard, WWS;
- laminated plywood.
The material for the countertop should be quite strong to withstand subsequent loads. For this reason, the thickness and material for the manufacture of this element must be selected based on what work will be carried out in the future. Another important detail is the smooth surface of the table. If you do not follow this recommendation, then you will not be able to make an exact mill. If it is important to assemble a do-it-yourself machine with your own hands so that you can perform decent workpieces on it, this is one of the most important conditions.
In order to ensure a perfectly flat surface, you can use such methods as: lamination, sheet metal upholstery or fine-tuning planed boards.
How to make a do-it-yourself machine
The assembly procedure for this device begins with the need to determine the location of the engine. The best option is to install this element under the table. On the motor shaft, which should be directed vertically upward, a cutter is placed. In order to facilitate the assembly procedure, it is best to make a drawing of the machine with your own hands, on which all the parts were depicted in advance.