How to open a dining room in a big city? It may seem that this business has remained far in the Soviet past, but in fact today many people do not disdain affordable forms of catering. Following the basic principles of catering (tasty, affordable and safe), you can put together enough capital to provide the population with quality services. So how to open a dining room? Let's consider in stages. It is necessary to determine the form of ownership and taxation, prepare the necessary documents, find a suitable room and, if necessary, make repairs, purchase equipment, think through the assortment, hire employees and find suppliers.
Modern dining room
Some ways to build a business cannot be called innovative. Most often, this is a direct use of the Soviet system of production or the provision of services. However, modern entrepreneurs are actively introducing new products into existing business models. Nowadays, catering organizations built on the Western model, for example, fast foods, are especially common, but they usually all have a narrow profile. The dining room is more familiar to most citizens of our country, especially those who managed to catch the times of the Soviet past. The dining room is characterized by a variety of assortment of dishes and drinks, so it has many chances to win the fight for the client.
The modern market has changed. Today, simple catering establishments that are designed for a wide audience are relevant. In addition, novice entrepreneurs are more sensible and thoughtful in starting their own business. “I want to open a dining room,” - with this thought, the businessman does not immediately take up the search for premises and staff, but carefully studies the market. Many attract consultants and turn to specialized companies to support the business and complex equipment of enterprises. Most businessmen today fear an independent entry into the market.
Catering organization
Today, the corporate food industry is practically not covered. Meals in kindergartens and camps, schools, hospitals and industrial enterprises are usually state-owned, there are no competitors, so there are excellent prospects for the development of a profitable business. Dining rooms can be designed for a wide range of consumers who do not need to familiarize themselves with the format. The menu is very diverse. The average bill is about two hundred rubles, so the low price and a wide range of dishes attract students, the working population and pensioners. In addition, canteens always have the opportunity to receive additional income through catering, organizing banquets and working for a client “from the street”.
Catering Registration
It is decided - we open the dining room. Where to start an entrepreneur who wants to do business in the sale of ready-made dishes? To register your business, you will need to open the following activities: OKVED 55.51 or 55.52. This is the activity of canteens at various institutions and enterprises, as well as the supply of catering products. A new classifier came into force in 2016, so today you need to be more careful about choosing an activity code, because old versions of OKVED are still very common. In the event that the form of ownership is already open, you need to add these types of activities to existing ones. To open the dining room, documents must be prepared carefully and in full. Otherwise, one may encounter difficulties.
The main advantages of LLC
How to open a dining room from scratch? For this, registration of an IP or LLC is suitable. To determine the best form of ownership, you need to draw up a detailed business plan. You can open a dining room to serve ordinary citizens or legal entities. In the first case, it will be enough IP, but in the second it will be much more convenient to work with LLC. Experienced entrepreneurs joke that a legal entity is like an official marriage: it must be registered when it is no longer possible to register. In addition, LLC in conducting business is not only full and strict compliance with the law, but also a good reputation.
Registration of an individual entrepreneur
To become an individual, five days is enough. Such papers will be required for this: a copy of the passport of the future entrepreneur, a statement, a certificate of registration with the tax and a receipt on payment of the state duty in the amount of 800 rubles. The entrepreneur must independently register with the tax, Pension Fund. There is no need to register a current account and make an official seal. With the registration of LLC will have to tinker. The entire package of documents can be collected independently, but, of course, it is easier to contact third-party specialists. The minimum authorized capital is 10 thousand rubles.
Tax form
How to open a dining room from scratch? After registering an entrepreneur, you need to choose a tax form. For the dining room, UTII or USN are suitable. A single tax is appropriate if the area of the premises is a maximum of 50 square meters. m, but you can only serve individuals. Taxation under a simplified scheme allows a room size of more than 50 square meters. m and the maintenance of legal entities (enterprises, schools, kindergartens). The optimal rate (6% or 15% is proposed) can be determined only by specific calculations.
Dining room
How to open a dining room? After registration, you can begin your search for a room. To successfully open a dining room from scratch, a business plan should include all the details. Location is one of those issues on the solution of which profitability and the possibility of further business development will depend. It is best to open a dining room near a business center or office center. You can buy or rent a room in the new shopping center (preferably on the ground floor). A good place to place the dining room is the premises that are located near large industrial events (even if it is an industrial zone), train stations, educational institutions, and in places of major transport interchanges.
The premises of the production hall and the service hall must be separated. Full compliance with building and SES standards is also imperative, because otherwise, even before the opening, serious problems can be encountered. Two exits are required. This is a requirement of the fire inspection. It is better to have a dining area of at least 50 square meters. m. With a smaller area there is a high probability of creating queues and crush. All requirements for a kitchen room must be studied before renting a room.
Necessary equipment
It is impossible to open a business (dining room) in an empty room. First you need to purchase the necessary equipment: for the dining area, for the distribution line and kitchen. To make the work of the dining room staff as comfortable as possible, the main kitchen equipment should include: electric stoves and pans, freezing and refrigerating tables, production and cutting tables (separately for raw products and finished products), automatic dishwashers, appliances for cooking, cutting, cutting and chopping products. Necessarily need cookware and storage cabinets. It is not worth saving on equipment - the better the kitchen equipment, the higher the productivity of workers.
For the distribution line, equipment must be chosen in such a way as to expedite the service time of each client. This will positively affect the number of visitors, and as a result, the entrepreneur will receive higher revenue. Counters for food and refrigerators are required. At the beginning of the distribution line, menus and trays are placed, then in order are appetizers, soups, main dishes, sweet dishes and drinks. At the end of the line are the necessary appliances, there is also a cash desk for payment for selected dishes and drinks. Dishes are put in order of priority when eating. There should be several servings of each dish on the line so that visitors do not wait, but there should not be many dishes, as their appearance worsens from long storage. At the end of the line, a cash register is installed. The hall for accommodating visitors must be equipped with tables and chairs. Each table should have napkins, peppers and salt. You will need an open showcase for receiving dirty dishes.
Assortment of dishes
You can open a small dining room with several menu items, but it is desirable that the dishes be varied. It is necessary to implement first courses (at least three types). The standard choices are borsch, hodgepodge and kharcho soup. You can often find mashed soups and soups on chicken broth with pasta. The most common side dishes are mashed potatoes, buckwheat and rice porridge, pasta. Potatoes can be offered to customers in several forms, for example, boiled, mashed potatoes, fried in pieces or baked. In addition to the side dish, you can cook a choice of meat roasting, meatballs, meatballs, chops, fried liver, fish. Salads are usually presented as follows: seasonal (tomatoes and cucumbers or cabbage and cucumbers), olivier, vinaigrette, salad with crab sticks and others. Refueling makes sense to submit separately (sunflower and olive oil, mayonnaise). Of the drinks, you can offer customers natural juices, tea and coffee, dried fruit compote, sweet soda in bottles of 0.5 l.
Product suppliers
How to open a dining room? When the entrepreneur has registered his activities, rented a room and purchased the necessary equipment, you can begin to search for suppliers of products. The experience of the owners of public catering enterprises shows that it is more convenient to purchase products in the small wholesale market. Perhaps it’s worth concluding an agreement so that the distributors bring the necessary products for the entrepreneur every day. You can buy large bulk. It will come out at fifteen percent cheaper, but in this case you need enough storage space, a few additional refrigerators and freezers.
Food Service Advertising
Massively advertising a canteen is quite difficult, but it is imperative to think about ways to promote your enterprise. Depending on the location of the dining room, a colorful sign can work for at least a triple. If a catering enterprise is planned to be opened in the city center, then the inviting sign will attract a lot of customers. Be sure to make an advertising sign and put it in front of the entrance. The nearest enterprises, office and business centers should be distributed colorful leaflets with a description of the range and approximate prices. Bearers of the flyers can be promised a small discount. At the initial stage, this will be the best advertisement, and in the future, word of mouth will work.
Dining room staff
The choice of personnel must be approached responsibly. Two cooks, a distribution line worker and a cashier, as well as two auxiliary workers will be required. This is the minimum number of employees, but it all depends on the size of the dining room and the number of customers. It may be necessary to additionally start a manager or manager, accountant, lawyer. This is already for large catering enterprises that cooperate with no less large customers - legal entities. The personnel who work with the products must have proper training, understand the issues of safety, preparation and storage of products, their processing and preparation. This must be carefully monitored.
Income and expenses
What do you need to open a dining room? Of course, an entrepreneur will need seed capital. The degree of expenses depends on the premises, rental costs, staff salaries, tax forms and so on. A lot of money will have to be spent on solving issues with the execution of many permits. In general, about 1.5 million rubles will be required to organize a business, provided that there are fifty seats and a total area of 180 square meters. m. The minimum payback period will be one and a half years.
The mark-up for meals in canteens is usually set at around 30%. In the case of canteens, a low margin allows you to earn money on the patency and turnover of the seat. If there are few clients, you need to think about several factors: theft of personnel (video surveillance, fine and thieves can be set as a solution to the problem), poor management (think over a strategy or change manager), poor location, poor quality of food.