Do-it-yourself turbine repair may be required if the power of the diesel power unit is reduced. Check the health of the unit by pressing the gas pedal to create maximum speed. If the turbocompressor does not gain maximum pressure, then it is faulty. Alternatively, the turbine can be replaced. However, if you want to save money, it is better to try to repair the item yourself. Consider the main causes of failure of the part, as well as the methods and possibilities of repair.
Causes of breakdowns
The following signs indicate that it may be necessary to do the repair of the turbine with your own hands:
- Sudden loss of motor power.
- Black smoke comes from the exhaust system.
- Increases oil consumption.
- There is a change in the sound of the turbine compressor and engine.
When these signs appear, it is necessary to check not only the turbine, but also the entire motor.
Features
The process of repairing a turbine with your own hands requires a careful approach. It is unlikely that experts will recommend you do this yourself. This is due to the fact that even a small grain of sand can disable the unit. If there are certain skills and desire, then the repair should begin with the preparation of the repair kit. To do this, you need to purchase liners of different sizes, a set of gaskets, washers, screws, screws. If possible, all installation locations and sockets must be marked during disassembly. It is necessary to treat work extremely carefully and attentively.
Disassembly
Further repairs of the turbine with their own hands on a diesel engine continue its dismantling. First, all the fixing bolts of the parts of the turbine and compressor housing are unscrewed. Often the first knot sticks tight; you can use a mallet to remove it, unscrewing the bolts evenly throughout the cochlea. Then it must be carefully moved away.
It should be ensured that the deformation of the turbine wheel does not occur. Depending on the model of the unit, the compressor scroll can be attached using bolts or stoppers. After removing all the clamps, the snail itself is dismantled.
Then check for backlash in the cartridge. Transverse movement is allowed in small sizes, and there should not be any longitudinal play. Otherwise, item replacement is required. Using nippers with sliding jaws, remove the compressor retaining ring. The reverse side of the shaft is clamped using figure dressing. When disassembling, remember that the part has a left-hand thread.
DIY Passat turbine repair
A special universal puller should be used to remove the compressor wheel. Pre-mark the relative placement of the wheel and nut, which is necessary to prevent unbalancing of the node. The most common cause of play is wear on the bushings. They are fixed with retaining rings and three bolts. Three more stoppers hold the liner.
After disassembly, thorough cleaning of the cartridge and wheels from dirt and soot is performed. The seal ring is removed from the shaft. If there is a relaxation of nominal liners, you will need to carry out grooving and balancing the shaft. The remaining parts are replaced by analogues from the repair kit. The liners are cleaned and oiled.
Assembly
After the Volkswagen turbine is repaired with its own hands, they begin assembling the assembly. The internal retaining rings are mounted in the cartridge. You must make sure that they are firmly seated in their nests. Then a turbine liner lubricated with engine oil is installed. After fixing the element with a stopper, insert the compressor liner. The sleeve is lubricated, after which the oil scraper, plate and bolts are mounted.
Tighten the fixing screws carefully with the necessary, but not excessive force. Next, with the help of the locking rings, a dirt plate is attached. Oil scraper rings are installed on the shaft . It will have to be patient, because the process is very complicated and monotonous. After lubricating the shaft, it is mounted and tightened by means of a nut with a force of the order of 4-5 Nm. Peeled snails are put into place along with the valve (westgate). Bulkhead assembly can be considered complete.
Device
In order to repair a KamAZ turbine with their own hands, it is necessary to study its structure. Despite the apparent complexity, the configuration of the node includes only three main parts:
- Turbine block (exhaust side).
- Compressor responsible for boost.
- Intermediate cartridge (bearing assembly).
The cartridge aggregates with the rotor shaft, which is connected together with the turbine wheel. The compressor analog is fixed separately on the shaft. The unit is equipped with an adjustment system, which is located on the turbine or compressor housing, depending on the modification of the unit. This device is responsible for the operation of the bypass valve. The cartridge has seals to prevent oil from entering the body.
Common mistakes
When repairing a turbine with their own hands, many users make a characteristic mistake, which is associated with a misunderstanding of the damper, the effect of which is provided in the design of the bearing assembly. Damping is required due to the nature of the power unit. Exhaust gases are supplied to the exhaust manifold, and then to the turbine wheel in a dosage that determines the size of the opening of the exhaust valves of the motor. In this regard, the flow is pulsed.
In order to compensate for the impact in case of constant feed, it would be necessary to give the rotor more rigidity. This, in turn, would lead to an increase in the dimensions and mass of the entire unit. To stabilize the situation allow sliding bearings and bushings of a floating type. Between them and the housing there is a certain gap, which serves to form an oil film, as between the rotor and the sleeve. The element rotates approximately twice as slow as the rotor, two oil layers successfully level the pulse effect of exhaust gases on the turbine rotor.
When repairing a diesel turbine with your own hands, an overestimated play between the body part and the sleeve can be mistakenly diagnosed. Some "craftsmen", taking this for a defect, grind up larger bronze bushings, which are mounted with reinforced interference fit. Such an error leads to negative consequences. The turbocharger starts to work with maximum effort, and the absence of an additional chamber with an oil film leads to a decrease in the damper effect and increased wear of the bearings. In some cases, this is fraught with deformation of the rotor shaft.
Total
In conclusion, it should be noted that the turbine may require balancing. This process is carried out in two stages, at different stands and requires the participation of specialists. It is possible to repair the turbine independently, but the process requires certain skills and attention. If possible, contact a specialist workshop to resuscitate a site.