Investment project on the example of an enterprise with calculations and a detailed description

An investment project is understood to mean a time-based system of measures that are implemented to substantially update or even create fundamentally new components of an enterprise’s activities. This will be considered as part of the article. And more specifically - an investment project on the example of an enterprise with calculations.

general information

Components always mean direct participants (individuals and legal entities), organizations or groups of people who are interested in changes. The last link of the created structure can belong both to the micro- and meso- and macrolevels. Initially, you need to take care of the structure.

For this, it is necessary to create an appropriate scheme in which the author of the idea and content, investors, the enterprise (or their group), to which the project is aimed, and the end users will be. When building a project, it will be necessary to sort all the elements in a certain sequence. This is necessary for such functional reasons:

1. Support for decision making in terms of design and selection.
2. Formation of an optimal business development plan.
3. Modeling activities for enterprises of different structures and patterns of ownership.

A very important thing is to accurately determine the duration of the project. It can be two to three months, a year or even a decade. The launch date of the so-called conditional launch is also important. For all this, a qualitative calculation of the effectiveness of the investment project is important. An example will make this better.

Implementation

So, now we are approaching the design. Let's create our investment project on the example of an enterprise with calculations. Initial general information:

1. Project title: “Formation of a livestock farm built on a full production cycle”.
2. Used documentation. This includes a business plan and market research for the agricultural industry.
3. Project budget. Let's say 6 million rubles.
4. Scope of activities. Agriculture.
5. Sources of project financing. As such, there will be personal and credit funds.
6. The pursued goals. As such, one may consider the desire to increase personal well-being, the creation of a full-cycle animal husbandry on the basis of an existing agricultural enterprise.
7. And it should be noted what the line of activity is. In this case, most likely, it will be commercial.

Do not forget about the detailed description of all projects for the implementation of the compiled project plan, the general concept, effectiveness, ways of achievement, novelty. What data will be needed in this case? After all, can’t he help out an example in everything? The calculation of the effectiveness of the investment project should be based on:

1. Initial data.
2. Market appraisal.
3. Production.
4. Human resources.
5. Financial assets.
6. The territorial location of the investment.
7. Project documentation.
8. Organization and estimated costs.
9. Terms of implementation of the plans.
10. Business performance evaluation.

But the considered option is not the only possible one. It should be remembered that even a perfectly planned project, for the implementation of which there are no resources, will remain only on paper.

Alternative implementation

The structure of an investment project can be framed in another way. It is impossible to say that the option considered above is the only true one. As an alternative, the following can be suggested:

1. Company.
2. Its conceptual essence.
3. Capital investment plan (this also includes permits and technical documentation, the costs of deploying a support network, and the like).
4. Date of manufacture.
5. Implementation period.
6. Questions with materials and accessories.
7. Ways of marketing.
8. Plan for staff.
9. Total costs.
10. Financing.

So what structure to choose? It should directly depend on the specifics of the investment object itself, the scope of sales of its goods and services, that is, take into account factors that will affect the success of the implementation.

Primary calculations

So let's get started. We remind you that a project was selected in the field of livestock. This is what we need to build on. As a living creature, quail will be selected. These are small birds that begin to rush upon reaching a three-month period. They carry useful and therefore very valuable eggs. In addition, their meat is considered delicious. In the first year, they provide, with proper care, 240-280 eggs (depending on the type of quail). Then the inconsistency drops, so the birds will fulfill the average norm of 240 eggs in 15 months of their life and go to the table.

What does an investment project example look like with calculations in this case? Suppose that the necessary premises, in which livestock will be bred, can be purchased for 400 thousand rubles. For this amount, a utility room with an area of ​​100 square meters and a height of 2.3 m is purchased, which is well insulated, ventilated without problems, connected to the power supply and without any problems light enters it when the sun has risen. So, we still have 5.6 million rubles left.

Quail love well-lit rooms. Ideally, they need to maintain this figure at 20 hours. But this is not for our conditions. We have so much sun does not shine. Therefore, to achieve this goal, artificial lighting will be used. When purchasing, we will need energy-saving light bulbs and an automated control system for them, which will achieve the required figure of 20 hours. By the way, it is better to break down the period of darkness.

Let it be from 23:00 to 1:00 and from 3:00 to 5:00. To do this, you need good automation. We estimate it at 30 thousand rubles, along with lamps and a spare wheel. Since these items are designed for many years of use, we do not provide for regular spending in this case. If something goes wrong, then we will have a reserve, which we will use. But not everything is so smooth. You can verify this by studying further the investment project using the example of an enterprise with calculations.

More about spending

So, we have 5.57 million rubles left. Continuing the theme with electricity, we now need to calculate the cost of lighting. To do this, we divide the costs into four-month periods, in each of which for thirty days you will have to spend 1000, 3000 and 5000 rubles. That is, we will have costs directly on the lighting itself at the level of 4000 + 12000 + 20,000 = 36 thousand rubles a year. Subtract them from the total amount and remains 5.534 million rubles. But our investment project example with calculations is not limited to this.

For birdwatching on an area of ​​100 square meters, one person should be enough. But he does need to rest. Therefore, two workers will be hired, each of whom will rest in a week. In case of vacation, sick leave and other surprises, a colleague will be replaced. Working for half a month (on average) and for 12 hours, each of them will receive a salary of 30 thousand rubles. Including taxes, insurance and other things, this amount will increase to 45 thousand rubles per month. Thus, our employees will spend at the level of 45 * 12 * 2 = 1.080 million rubles a year.

Now we consider how much we have left. 5.534-1.080 = 4.454 million rubles. And we continue to consider the investment project on the example of an enterprise with calculations. Half of the amount has already been spent. But the main thing, our quails, have so far failed to be approached. For before this it is still necessary to think about where they will live. Cages are used to live quails. These birds do not take up a lot of space and can live and be carried in heaps. For one family (5-6 layers + 1 quail), an area of ​​25 by 15 centimeters is enough. Suppose that one cell is designed for two families. That is 12-14 birds. And it takes a place of 50 by 15 centimeters.

About sizes and prices

Given the need for aisles, approximately 10 cells in width can be accommodated. In length it will turn out approximately 20. For again passages are necessary. And a place to store feed, products, incubators is also needed. That is, at one level there will be about 200 cells. The cells will be 20 centimeters high. Additionally, clearance, so that the lighting was at the bottom, in the amount of 10 centimeters. To be within reason, we will not exceed a height of 1.8 m. And we will not go too low - not lower than 90 cm. Thus, we will have three levels. In cells, this is approximately 600. It seems that it is a lot for one person?

In fact, feeding quails and cleaning them is not very difficult. In the worst case scenario, a person will first take five minutes per cell. This is taking into account cleaning, picking eggs and adding feed with water. With sufficient experience and dexterity, it is not difficult to do all the required operations in a minute. Given the margin of safety in one cell for several days, this is more than enough. To quail eggs did not crush, the cells are made or bought with a bias. This will allow the waste products to roll forward into the small lower cornice, where they will be collected.

Since we don’t need something fanciful and special, we will manage with the simplest cells for 300 rubles each. Given that we need 600 pieces, it turns out that this acquisition will pull 180 thousand. But this does not end our example. The calculation of the indicators of the investment project requires you to find out how much we have left. To do this, we carry out the following mathematical manipulations: 4.454-180 = 4.274 million rubles.

Equipment

Additionally, drinkers, feeding devices, the same incubators for the withdrawal of new birds, storage of feed and products are needed. Drinking bowls and feeding are estimated at 50 rubles each, that is, 100 r. per cell. Thus, it will cost 60 thousand rubles. We still have 4.214 million rubles. Although it can be made manually from used plastic bottles, which, in fact, is what amateurs do. For food, ordinary plastic containers such as a box, bag and bucket are enough. To a greater extent this will go to the article "feed". But just in case, for convenience, we’ll still get what food and water will be distributed in. Minus 1000, and we have 4.213 million.

Incubators for quail for 200 eggs with the automatic flipping function cost about 3,000 rubles. We do not want to write them out from the manufacturer, so we buy as is. Since the restriction on poultry is 600 * 14, then our maximum is 8400. For this number, 6 incubators should be enough to update the composition every 15 months. This is 18 thousand, and remains 1.195 million. Knowing the numbers is important, because we are waiting for the calculation of the payback of the investment project. Although an invented example, it can be used in life. And there is still food. For adult quails, a little less than 20 grams of feed is enough. Given their love to scatter and rake it, we’ll take 30. When buying in bulk, you should focus on the price of up to 30 rubles per kilogram.

More is overpayment. Less can be found, but in our example we will not consider this. How much does it cost per year? It should focus on 10-12 kilograms. Round up to 300 rubles per year. We multiply by 8400 and it comes out 2.52 million. As a result, the feed leads to the fact that we have 1,693 million. And another question of water. Each bird is allocated 10 cubic centimeters. There are a total of 1 m ³ million. So one cubic meter of water is enough for one bird for one hundred thousand days. But for 8400 this is only 11. Thus, to provide the whole bird with water, you need 32 cubic meters. At a price of 200 rubles (yes, high, but better to review than overlook) this is a little more than 6 thousand. 1.687 million remains.

About the bird and other expenses

How the cash flows of the investment project flow! The calculation example is not small, but there will be a good idea about the subject of the article. And we have only birds left. First of all, three-month quail is of interest. From that moment they begin to rush. Their red price is 100 rubles. This is 840 thousand rubles. It is advisable to purchase hens in proportion to quail 5 (6): 1.

Identify their specialists on the tail. There is no need to refuse quails, because they trample the hens and make sure that they do not fight. By the way, therefore it is better to combine at least a couple of families. For double control. If all goes well, then there is no more spending on a bird. We take away from the remaining money and we get 847 thousand. This will include expenses on fuels and lubricants, the author of the idea and part-time organizer, outsourcing of accounting and all other little things that have not been taken into account. And now - an assessment of investment projects. The calculation example gave a good idea about spending, but what about making money?

Receiving a profit

Spending is not difficult. But to earn ... This is another matter. All possible assistance is provided by the performance indicators of the investment project. An example of the calculation for them, we now consider. We will proceed from the fact that the acquisition of the bird happened normally. In this case, about ± 4.5 thousand eggs can be counted per day. Their cost ranges from 4-5 rubles. There is a certain dependence on the ability to look for good offers, perseverance, reasonable arrogance and patience. On average, you can count on about 20 thousand rubles a day. Already not bad, right?

But the example of calculating the economic efficiency of an investment project does not end there. 20 thousand rubles are turning in annual terms of 7.3 million rubles! Although if every hundredth egg is sent to the incubator, then the income will decrease to about 7.14 million. That is, within a year the project will fully pay off. As this example showed, calculating the payback period of an investment project even with adverse conditions for us allows us to argue that it makes sense to invest money.

But this is not the only thing! After all, quail meat is considered dietary. Their carcasses can be sold to restaurants or even to butchers to the market. The cost starts from 100 rubles. In this case, hens should be kept for up to 15 months. Since 4 (5) out of 5 (6) quails, when they reach the age of three months, they should be allowed to eat meat. It is for this that we need an increased number of incubators, which allow us to produce almost 1500 of our need for 8400 birds.

We continue to calculate profits

And now we finish counting money. Up to 12 thousand carcasses can be counted per year. Let's say that we have only 10 thousand of them. In this case, you can count on revenue of about 1-1.2 million rubles. And if it’s good to stick around, then more. Additionally, gardeners and summer residents sell quail litter. This article can also give more than one hundred thousand rubles. Thus, we can talk about at least 8.24 million rubles in the first year alone. Here is an example. The calculation of the integrated assessment of the effectiveness of the investment project showed such data with only six million investments.

But in the future, spending will be somewhat smaller. It is therefore not surprising that the idea of ​​a quail farm is considered one of the most attractive and cost-effective. By the way, it is not necessary to paint everything in this way in the form of text. Maybe it will calculate the effectiveness of the investment project in Excel. The example had to be considered as text due to limitations when writing an article. But nothing prohibits the use of various software for convenience.