Mount Everest (Chomolungma) is the highest mountain in the world. It is located in the Himalayas on the border of Nepal and China. In 1965, it was named after George Everest (Everest George), who, from 1830 to 1843, served as the main surveyor of India. Prior to this, the mountain had no name, and it just had its number "Peak XV". George made an immense contribution to the study of her initially.
The height of Mount Everest is 8848 meters, but every year it grows by 5-6 mm. Its specific height was named only in 1852, and it was in 1852 that it was recognized as the highest of the other nearby mountains, the height of which also exceeds 8 kilometers. The author of the height measurement was Andrew Waugh (Waugh Andrew), who was the successor and student of George Everest. For the first time, New Zealander Hillary Edmund and Sherp Norgay Tenzig climbed the highest mountain in 1953. And here, for the first time on the top of Everest it turned out to land a helicopter only in 2005.
Chomolungma, translated from Tibetan, means "Mother of the Gods" or "Mother of Life." The highest Mount Everest was formed about 20 million years ago due to the raising of the bottom of the sea. For a long time, the process of layering of rocks took place, although today it continues.
Approximately 500 people climb Mount Everest annually, despite the fact that this pleasure is quite dangerous and costs a lot of money. The approximate cost of climbing is $ 50,000, and this is only for one person. Mount Everest was conquered by only four thousand lucky. The largest expedition was carried out in 1975, and consisted of a Chinese team in the amount of 410 people. By the way, this trip is a great way to lose weight, since the person who conquered Everest loses up to 20 kg. The first woman to reach the highest point on earth was mountain climber Junko Tabei from Japan. She climbed to the top of the mountain in 1976. Since the discovery of Mount Everest and the start of the climb, approximately 200 people have died. The main causes of death are: lack of oxygen, severe frosts, heart problems, avalanches and so on.
Climbers with great experience say that the most difficult part of the mountain is the final 300 meters. This site is named "the longest mile on Earth." Since it is a steep slope that is covered with snow, it is simply impossible to insure each other on it. Wind speed at the highest point can reach up to 200 km per hour, and air temperature can reach –60 degrees. The atmospheric pressure at the top of the mountain is approximately 25%.
Residents of Nepal follow millennia-old customs, conduct solemn rituals for the burial of climbers who died during the conquest of the mountain so that their souls could find peace. According to legend, if the ceremony of "saving the dead souls" is not held, then they will wander around the "roof of the world." Local climbers who tried to climb to the top use special talismans and amulets to avoid meeting with spirits.
Mount Everest remains the most mysterious and formidable mountain of our planet. She spares no one, and that is why not everyone has the opportunity to conquer her.