TNP: abbreviation

The letter abbreviation TNP refers to multi-valued terms:

• Transnefteproduct;
• thermal imaging observation device;
• Common consumption goods.

How is consumer goods decoded and where is it used?

1. The abbreviation TNP (decoding - “Transnefteproduct”) is used by all employees of a huge concern for the speed of transmission of a frequently used and familiar name. This is a company engaged in the transport logistics of white oil products such as diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene, and is part of the Transneft association. The main population of the country does not use this phrase, compiled by the company’s specialists for the sake of brevity.
2. The term consumer goods (decoding - "thermal imaging observation device") is used by manufacturers of thermal imagers. Users of these devices use them to observe changes in the temperature background in the treatment of diseases, in the manufacture of complex mechanisms, in the examination of closed sections of electrical circuits for the purpose of tracking short circuits, to detect masked military units, and to evaluate heat losses.
3. The abbreviation TNP (decoding - “consumer goods”), used to save paper at a huge frequency of use, is familiar not only to those who studied the basics of economic theory. Everyone faces consumer goods as items for personal use.

Economic Theory: A Framework for Understanding

Deciphering consumer goods (consumer goods) without resorting to the terminology of the economic theory of the Soviet period is quite difficult. This is a science that studies the problem of choice, when there are conditions of limited resources that do not allow the maximum satisfaction of the needs of the population.

The concept of consumer goods (decoding - “consumer goods”) characterizes the type of product for personal consumption, in contrast to products for the means of production.

In economic theory, it is customary to divide all goods into two groups:

• Group A - industrial goods for the further production of other products.
• Group B - goods manufactured for personal use: food (food), medical and non-food.

Trade classification of food (food) goods

• Soft drinks.
• Wines and liquors.
• Dairy
• Oil.
• Meat.
• Sausage.
• Confectionery
• Fish.
• Fruits, vegetables and fruits.
• Edible fats.
• Tobacco products.
• Bakery products.
• Egg Products

The classification of food products used by trade enterprises (traditional retail, chain retail)

Grocery Group:

• coffee;
• pasta;
• flour;
• groats;
• spices and spices;
• vegetable oil;
• sugar;
• salt.

Gastronomic group:

• meat gastronomy;
• fish gastronomy;
• milk gastronomy:
• canned food.

Classification of medical products

1. Materials - goods used once in the process of treatment and diagnosis (dressings, suture, etc.)
2. Products:

• Medical equipment - apparatus, instruments, tools, supplies and equipment.
• Items used by medical personnel in patient care.

Classification of Non-Food Products

• Products manufactured by light industry: haberdashery, fur goods , shoes, knitwear, clothing, textile products.
• Household: household goods, plastic products, metal, construction, furniture, household chemicals, dishes.
• Cultural and household goods: cars, watches, computers, telephones, cameras, music, sports, leisure, office equipment, stationery, toys.
• Hygiene products: perfumes, cosmetics.
• Souvenir products and decorations.
• Biogoods: seeds, flowers, pet supplies.
• Oil products: fuel and lubricating oils.

The system of transport and warehouse logistics prevailing in Russia

The provision of the population with goods in the Soviet Union took place within the framework of the planning and distribution system. All products that were manufactured or imported at the enterprises of the USSR were distributed according to applications agreed upon in the line ministries.

The accumulation of today's established support system has occurred over the past twenty-five years. Naturally, the prototype was the overseas provision of goods, but with many deviations from the rules.

Such an interesting form as wholesale bases (markets) selling goods at retail, almost individually, could take place only in conditions of "wild" market relations.

The basic (generally accepted) supply chain looks quite simple. Manufacturer - large wholesale (most often a distributor) - medium and small wholesale - retail.

Warehouse Logistics

A modern warehouse for non-food products must meet the requirements of the storage industry (if they are adopted at the legislative level). Most often, it is by the state of equipping the warehouse with hoisting mechanisms, the presence of a computer system for recording incoming and shipped goods with their binding to a specific cell that can be used to judge the state of affairs at the enterprise. Investments in warehouse equipment are a significant part of the costs of a wholesale company.

Huge warehouses for food are being erected if the goods can be stored long enough. Frozen goods are stored in refrigerated warehouses equipped with deep-freeze chambers, cargo is transported by refrigerators.

Warehouses of medium and small wholesale are most often equipped only with racks, the main lifting equipment is movers. The labor intensity of workers in such warehouses is huge, and cash rewards are often scanty. Staff turnover among movers is one of the highest among other similar professions. And most often, the salary consists of two components: official and “in envelope”.

Transport logistics

Delivery of consumer goods to large wholesale warehouses is usually carried out by heavy trucks (trucks), unloading takes very little time. The goods in this scheme should be loaded onto pallets in the machine and wrapped with shrink film (palletized).

In long-distance transport, the potential of the railways of Russia is used. Although it is a long time, it is reliable. Cases of loss of goods or their arrival at a destination are more likely incidents than the norm.

Imported goods are delivered by sea (loaded onto temporary storage warehouses, then transported by wagons throughout the country), by rail (rarely enough) and heavy trucks. The river fleet is relatively rarely involved in these schemes, mainly for the remote regions of Siberia and the Far East.

Medium and small wholesale accepts cars loaded as much as possible in order to fully use the permissible load capacity. In these cases, palletization is not even mentioned in applications when hiring a vehicle. Loading and unloading from such machines takes a very long time, even if the warehouse is equipped with conveyors.

Transportation of consumer goods to retail is most often carried out by machines with a carrying capacity of up to 1.5 tons. Warehouses of trading enterprises usually cannot accommodate a large amount of goods, and the completeness of the assortment is an immutable rule of trade. Because the goods are transported in small batches and often.