The World Wide Web allows you to find a large number of interpretations of the concepts of "domain", "domain name", "server domain". It’s very easy for a beginner to get confused about what’s happening. In simple words, the domain of computer science defines as a site address a special zone with its own unique name. It can consist of letters, numbers, and also a hyphen. Length - from 2 to 63 characters. Let’s take a look at everything in more detail.
How does the internet work? Domain: Definition
Each individual computer has an IP. It consists of a chain of numbers. To find any resource on the Internet, you need to know the address of the server on which it is located.
At the same time on one server can be several different sites. To facilitate the search, to make it more understandable for people, a domain name system was created (translation from English DNS - Domain Name System). These are programs that convert the symbols you invented into digital values and vice versa. The server memory contains tables in which each individual address has its own IP. In other words, a domain in computer science is an addressing system.
So, you put the resource on the server and bind it to IP using DNS servers. Each time you drive the page address into the search bar of the browser, the DNS service understands which digital value it refers to, as well as which resource you need to show. The science of computer science identifies a domain name with concepts such as “domain website address” and “server domain name”. They are equivalent.
Top level domain
Any address has several parts, which are separated by dots. They bear the names of domains of different levels, the number of which usually comes down to two or three (otherwise the site may be inconvenient for the user). The rightmost field is the top-level domain (or domain zone).
All such addresses can be divided into two types:
- National (or geographic). They show which country the domain belongs to (this is in computer science). Example: .ru - Russian Federation, .ua - Ukraine.
- Are common. They are determined by belonging to a special category. Example: .info - an information resource, .biz - a site for business, .edu - educational, .com - commercial, .org - non-profit, .travel - travel.
Second level domain
For example, the site primer-net.ru has a second-level domain name. As you already know, .ru is a top-level address. The resource name (primer-net) is in second place from the end of the full name. The main difference between the address - it must be unique. In other words, there can only be one site on the World Wide Web named primer-net.ru.
You can get the address from the registrar companies. All rights to own a second-level domain will be issued for a limited time, it must be renewed annually.
Third level domain
A three-level domain in computer science is the address that will turn out if you add a word through a dot in front of the previous domain (second level). Also called a subdomain. You can register it with companies that have second-level addresses. Its owner can create several subdomains. For example, in the primer-net.ru zone, the third level domain name will be list.primer-net.ru or chat.primer-net.ru.
What is hosting?
Hosting is the place where the resource is physically located. You can buy it from companies that are specialized in providing sites. Hosting providers put the site on a server that has all the necessary software for this. Typically, companies undertake hosting technical support and server administration.
If you want to purchase a hosting and domain, it makes sense to buy them in one place. Quickly solve all the problems associated with the site will allow the fact that the technical support of the resource will be carried out by employees of one company. In addition, if you host a hosting service with a provider, he may offer a discount on the purchase of a domain or give it away free of charge as a gift.
Companies offer many tariffs for sites of any subject and workload, and also register domains in various zones. All you need to do is choose a provider, pay a tariff, study the interface of the hosting provider’s website and start using your resource.
How to choose a domain name?
A domain in computer science is much more than just a site identifier. Some popular pages with only one address can tell the user about the subject of the resource, provide him with information about the quality of work and the level of information. Novice site owners make a gross mistake, not devoting enough time to thinking through the address. The visitor can get confused in the variety of typical, similar domain names. Your site must be recognizable.
When thinking about the name, decide on the purpose of the resource. Why are you creating a website? Will it be a personal page or a corporate resource? In the first case, a combination of your name and surname will suffice; in the second case, the name of the company can act as an address. Choose the top level address correctly. If your goods and services are aimed at a Russian buyer, do not register in the .com, .net or .org zone - the information presented on the sites of these domain zones is intended primarily for residents of English - speaking countries.
If the domain name is busy
Many addresses are already occupied by numerous companies, a huge number of sites are registered on the network daily, so finding a good domain name is becoming increasingly difficult. If you have chosen the perfect name for the resource, but it is busy, do not rush to sound the alarm.
- Come up with a different name. Make sure that all letters match each other, avoid unsound combinations. Make sure that the written English words do not contain errors - this will not benefit your resource. A domain is (in computer science) a business card of your company.
- Select a different zone. Most of the addresses most popular on the Russian Internet are in the .ru zone. Check if the domain of your future site is free in other areas. This can be done using the verification and registration service, which can be found on the Web.
- Engage in outbidding. Sometimes domains are redeemed, and when you enter the address in a line, you will be redirected to the website of the Internet provider. You can outbid a domain. The price depends on the popularity and potential effectiveness of the name.
- Wait until the address becomes free. Sometimes they can be put up at special auctions and trading floors.
So, a domain in computer science is a unique combination of Latin characters that allows you to find a specific site among a huge number of others. It is a business card of the company, determines the activity of the site, and also tells the visitor about the resource. The visitor’s first impression of the site is when he sees the page address.