If you do not carefully think through everything in advance, then at the stage of construction of the gazebo many questions can arise. This construction is not so complicated that it takes a long time to get ready for work, but you must calculate everything to the millimeter, so that afterwards you do not have to correct the mistakes made.
At the first stage you should work out the plan. To search for ideas, some turn to photos, which may make it possible to understand how the design will look in the end. You will need to choose the shape and purpose of the building. It can be based on a hexagon, octagon, circle or rectangle. The gazebo can be open or closed.
Intended classification
By designation, such buildings also differ. If most often you spend time in the garden, hiding from the sun, then an arbor with several benches inside will suit you. If you want to create a place for entertainment, it is better to prefer a large area with a canopy. For those who like to relax with barbecue and cook in the summer kitchen, a wooden gazebo with barbecue or stove is suitable.
When choosing a style and shape, you should take into account that the design should fit into the landscape design and be in harmony with the existing buildings on the site. Before you build a gazebo with your own hands, it is recommended to consider the photo. They are presented in the article. But first you have to choose a place. It should not be in a lowland, because the materials quickly decay due to the accumulation of water and precipitation.
Where to place
In order to achieve an aesthetic effect, it is better to start work next to flower beds, trees or shrubs. You must consider what will be revealed to the eye during the rest - someone else's fence, a barn or a view of the plants. When drawing up the diagram, you must indicate the dimensions, as well as how to fix the elements together. Creating a drawing will save on building materials, which is an excellent bonus for the owners. If you want to simplify the work, then it is better to put a rectangle or square as the basis.
Preparation of tools and materials
If you, too, were among those who thought about how to build a gazebo with your own hands, then for a start you should prepare materials and tools, among them it should be highlighted:
- concrete;
- timber;
- floorboard;
- roofing material;
- plywood;
- lining;
- plastic wrap;
- nails
- self-tapping screws;
- wood screws.
Concrete will be needed for the installation of racks and pouring the foundation. Using a square beam with a side of 15 cm, you can create a base and racks. A smaller beam (10 x 10 cm) will be needed for the elements of the roof and the upper lathing. But the logs are laid using a beam with a cross section of 5 x 15 cm. The board can be replaced with plywood, which will be used when installing the roof. You can cover the roof with different materials, it can be:
- metal tile;
- slate;
- corrugated board.
For the design of the railing, the same beam or board will go. Lining can be not only lining, but also a board. In order to make it more comfortable inside, you will need a shading grid or glass frames. In addition to screws, screws and nails, other fasteners should be prepared, if they are provided for by the design. Before you build a gazebo with your own hands, you should take care of the availability of the following tools:
- shovels;
- hacksaws;
- a hammer;
- building level;
- screwdriver;
- stepladders;
- an ax;
- a planer;
- chisels;
- roulettes;
- drills.
You will need a gasoline or electric saw.
The algorithm of work
Before starting work, all wood must be coated with an antiseptic compound or a moisture barrier. This will not only extend the life of the device, but also save you from unnecessary expenses. First you need to create a foundation or install supports. Manipulation should begin with the installation of pegs between which the rope is pulled. She will designate the perimeter of the gazebo. In order to get a regular rectangle or square, it is necessary to measure the diagonals, which should be equal. Sometimes the foundation is poured completely, in some cases only racks are concreted. The latter option is easier to execute.
Pits are dug in the ground, for this it is necessary to go deep by 90 cm. 5 cm of sand or gravel is poured onto the bottom, 10 cm of concrete will become the next layer. In the hardened mixture, it is necessary to place the anchors on which the racks will be mounted. Sometimes the support is installed in the finished hole and is located vertically. Correct location must be checked by level. As soon as leveling has been carried out, concrete is poured without fasteners. Stands in concrete should be positioned so that their strapping is a perfect square.
An alternative to building a solid foundation
The depth of the foundation will depend on the type of soil. If groundwater is low, then 50 cm will be enough for the supports. The base can be flooded with continuous casting. At the first stage, a moat is dug. It is additionally reinforced with reinforcement. It can be metal rods or corners. At the bottom, and you can put almost anything:
- crushed stone;
- stones
- brick fight;
- construction garbage.
When pouring concrete into a structure, it is important to ensure that the surface is horizontal. You can rest for several days after this work, because the structure should be left to dry. If you are interested in how to build a gazebo in the country with your own hands, then for a start you should carry out geological research. If underwater sources are located quite close to the soil surface, then it is not recommended to arrange the foundation described above, as in clay terrain. Otherwise, the building may simply begin to "swim".
Under such conditions, it is better to begin construction on the basis of pillars. When clay soil is on the site, there is another danger, which consists in uneven freezing. In order for the structure not to be skewed, the supports are protected by plastic wrap. If you want to know how to build a gazebo with your own hands cheaply, then you can put supports on its base, which will be located in the corners and in the central part of the structure. The recesses will have dimensions corresponding to the parameters of the posts. A cross-section of 100 x 100 mm is suitable for supports, but 150 mm sides will be enough.
The durability and strength of the columns gives the processing of their lower part with bitumen, tar or antiseptic. After the columns have been filled in and the solution has dried, you can do the strapping. To do this, at the intersection of the bars, the wood is removed, and the parts are connected to each other and fixed with screws. It is better to use those designed for wooden structures.
Gazebo with barbecue
If you want to build a gazebo with barbecue with your own hands, it is important to ensure safety. The technologies used today eliminate the need to use firewood for cooking. Braziers with stones of volcanic origin operate on natural gas or electricity. Heated stones are a source of fat for meat, and heat transfer is twice as high as that provided by wood or coal. At the same time, there is no soot and smoke.
Electricity and gas are used sparingly - during the heating of stones. They are ready to serve up to 3 years, if you heat them up to 4 times a week, after that the stones change. If the brazier is supposed to be built-in, then it is installed at the north or northeast wall. The design is equipped with a chimney and smoke collector. The grill is carried out together with the main structure or separately.
If you want to install a real barbecue inside, then it is important to take care of fire safety. For this, safety barriers are provided that protect against flame. The brazier should be equipped with a chimney, which is necessary to remove smoke from the space of the gazebo. If you want to ensure complete fire safety, it is better to use ethereal, ceramic or metal materials as a roofing.
Frame building and roof work
If you want to know how to build a gazebo with your own hands, then you should familiarize yourself with the technology. At the next stage, you can do the skeleton. Work on it begins with the lower harness. A wooden beam will act as a lag for the floor, the distance between the elements will be 50 cm. In this case, the structure will be able to undergo the mass of the flooring.
Next, the installation of the remaining racks supporting the upper harness and the roof is carried out. Racks should be located symmetrically, and their number will depend on the parameters of the gazebo. After the frame is ready, you can proceed to the design of the floor. The boards are fixed to the crate with self-tapping screws or nails.
Many today are interested in how to build a gazebo with their own hands. The technology also provides for the installation of a roof. To begin with, the upper strapping is made of timber, which is fixed to the supports with nails. Further construction will depend on the shape of the roof. It can be gable or four-gang. The latter looks more original, so it is worth paying special attention to it. Rafters are installed in the center and are located symmetrically. They are represented by pre-cut bars. The nail is clogged at an angle.
In order to achieve higher structural strength, auxiliary rafters fixed to the main and to the harness should be used. The roof can be made of plywood or boards. Installation of the material is carried out every 25 cm along the rafters. The prepared surface can be coated with the following materials:
- slate;
- roofing material;
- metal sheets;
- tiled.
Roofing material can be any. Experts recommend decorating the roof of the gazebo in accordance with the roof of the house. If you decide to build a gazebo with your own hands, it is recommended that you first consider the photo. But the choice of design features is not all that is needed for successful work. When handling at height, caution should be exercised. A stepladder and ladder must be installed securely.
Decoration and filling
At the final stage, you can proceed to the design of walls or railings, to do the decor. To create the upper border of the railing, you can use the beam. The railing may also have a lower limit. They are sheathed with a lining or board. If you have the appropriate skills, then you can perform woodcarving on individual elements.
The building at the final stage is covered with paint or varnish. When it was possible to build a gazebo from a tree with your own hands, further actions will depend on the content. Inside, you can install sun loungers or comfortable sofas. But if you do not want to bother, then an ordinary bench around the table will do. Tables and chairs can be designed independently. The gazebo is sometimes held electricity and water. In this case, the safety requirements must be observed. From the house to the gazebo should draw a path. After that you can enjoy your vacation.
More on roof construction
How to build a gazebo with your own hands in stages, you can figure it out if you familiarize yourself with the technology. It says that to select the angle of inclination of the slopes should determine the type of roofing material. It is important to take into account the region where the structure is located. These data will help to understand which slope angle to choose.
The role of Mauerlat in a wooden gazebo will be performed by the upper binding contest. If the stone will also be at the base of the walls, then the Mauerlat is fastened to the wall with anchor bolts or studs, the diameter of which is 14 mm or more. In order to ensure the strength of the structure, it is necessary to make a reinforced concrete belt on top of the wall, in which fasteners for Mauerlat are mounted. A layer of waterproofing is placed under it to protect the wood from moisture.
How to build a gazebo in the country with your own hands, a step-by-step instruction will allow you to understand. At the next stage, it provides for the selection of the cross section of the rafters and the step between them. These manipulations should be performed before installing the rafter system. Since the arbors have a small span, you can use rafters 50 x 150 mm. In this case, the length of the rafters will be 3 m. A distance of 900 mm must be maintained between them. For each specific case, you can use the table, which allows you to navigate by size. For example, if the length of the rafters is 4 m, then the step between the rafters will be 215 cm. The section of the elements in this case is 100 x 200 mm.
Almost every summer resident dreams of building a gazebo with his own hands cheaply. The projects presented in the article will allow you to cope with this task. Having chosen the suitable one, you must also determine the installation step, as well as the cross section of the lag. In this case, the angle of the roof and the type of roofing are taken into account.
So when buying heavy materials, you must reduce the pitch of the rafters to ensure the strength of the roof. The upper harness will serve as the basis for fixing the rafters in frame buildings. If the width of the span does not exceed 14 m, then the hanging rafters can be used without intermediate supports. So, if the span is not more than 6 m, you can do with one puff. If the first value is not more than 9 m, then headstock or crossbars fixed to a tightening by collars should be used.
If you are interested in knowing how to build a beautiful gazebo with your own hands, then at the first stage of the roof device you should install the rafters. They gather from below. To simplify the work, you can use the prepared template. Finished roof trusses rise up and are fixed to the Mauerlat or the upper strapping belt. Next, you can do the installation of the crate. It can be discharged or continuous. The latter is used if you plan to lay a flexible tile or roofing material. The sparse installation scheme of the lathing is relevant for sheet roofing materials.
Finally
If you want to build a gazebo with your own hands, it is recommended to consider projects of such structures. They are offered in the article. You can also create your own scheme, taking into account the parameters of the site and the location of the structure. Having considered the projects, you can build a gazebo at the cottage with your own hands if you additionally familiarize yourself with the technology of work.