How to get a ramp in the entrance? This is a common question. We will understand it in the above article.
Due to the fact that politics in Russia is socially oriented, more and more attention is paid to ensuring the normal movement of people with disabilities. Increasingly, special ramps are installed at the entrances to public places, as well as at the entrances of residential buildings. According to the law “On the Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities”, such people are guaranteed free access to any public places, as well as to their home.
The authorities of the state and all interested parties must comply with this law and install a ramp in those places where it is supposed to. If violations are noted, it is necessary to bring the perpetrators to administrative responsibility.
What standards should be observed during the construction of the ramp?
It is not possible to install a ramp at the entrance on its own, since it is necessary to build it in accordance with technical regulations. In addition, documentation must be on hand with permission to operate such a ramp, as well as permission to install, issued by the executives of the organization serving the staircase.
There are fixed rules that must be followed to install a ramp in the entrance of the house:
- the construction of a ramp is necessary if the level of the surface intended for movement changes, as well as when there is a difference in floor height of more than four centimeters;
- during installation, the angle of inclination can be maximum 5%, which is the ratio of the length and height of the structure;
- the ramp includes 3 components: horizontal lower and upper track corresponding to the dimensions of the wheelchairs, as well as an inclined track of the required width;
- if the span exceeds nine meters, the installation of additional sites intended for recreation is required;
- if it is not possible to comply with the standards for the installation of structures with a five-degree slope, it can be made up to 10%, which is eight degrees;
- it is impossible to install a ramp in case of blocking the entrance to it with a wall or any other obstacle, as well as if the exit is carried out directly to the fence or to the door;
- exceptional situations are when it is impossible to build a ramp in accordance with the standards, but in this case it is necessary to install folding or screw structures.
According to the building rules
The ramp at the entrance for the disabled must be done as prescribed by the building rules. However, to ensure the most comfortable ascent and descent, it is necessary to take into account some points:
- The design of a unilateral ramp designed for strollers should be at least 90 centimeters wide, and when moving in two directions, at least 180 centimeters.
- The movement of a disabled person is greatly simplified if you hold onto the handrails with bent hands. It is on the basis of this that the calculation of the width of the ramp is required.
- With the estimated width of the ramp equal to 180 centimeters, the lifting angle needs to be made slightly smaller so that it can be easier to enter, since a person can only hold with one hand. There are other requirements. Designed for one-way traffic, the design becomes more convenient due to the fact that the handrails are placed on both sides, and so it is much easier to lift, and if necessary, one hand can be easily released in the middle of the path.
- Ramps having a width of 3 m or more, according to UN standards, it is recommended to equip an additional handrail.
Responsibility
If the requirements regarding the construction of the ramp at the entrance and its installation are not properly complied with, the person who is responsible for the maintenance of the dwelling must be held criminally or administratively liable. The construction in this case is dismantled. The following punishment is established:
- administrative fine for unlawful maintenance of the house, which should not be more than 50 thousand rubles;
- administrative fine for substandard services in the amount of up to 50 thousand rubles.
What is a ramp?
The ramp is a concrete or metal structure, on the inclined surface of which the movement of the strollers is possible. One of the main conditions is the presence of horizontal platforms below and above. They, in fact, provide both entry and exit from this design. The dimensions of the ramp for the disabled and the requirements of GOST are of interest to many.
These devices should be installed by default in the entrances of new buildings. Such a rule is indicated in the building rules and regulations. As for old houses, they must be equipped with such a structure without fail during major repairs or at the request of residents. At the moment, there is also an alternative to the ramp option - a specially designed elevator, but its installation is quite expensive.
Disabled ramp dimensions
Here is the minimum height difference that requires the installation of a gentle path - 4 cm. If mobility groups using wheelchairs will move to both sides at the same time, then the march should be at least 1.8 m wide. If there is no oncoming traffic, then You can recommend a width of 1.5 m.
The height (height difference) of one march of an inclined track should be no more than 0.8 m. The length of one march also has limitations - a maximum of 9 m.
The height of the handrails should be two-level. At the first level - 70 cm. If disabled children move, then it is reduced to 50 cm. At the second level, height - 90 cm.
Features of intermediate sites
In order for the movement of disabled people in wheelchairs to be unobstructed and comfortable, the presence of intermediate platforms is also assumed. They are installed depending on the width of the ramp, and this is done in any case, if the rotations of the ramp are 90 or 180 degrees. Such platforms provide the opportunity to relax during movement, as well as deploy the stroller in the necessary direction.
Norms
They are installed in accordance with the following indicators:
- ideal for irrevocable design is the size of 90 by 140 centimeters;
- a standard rotary ramp should be equipped with a platform measuring 140 by 140 centimeters;
- if the double-sided ramp exceeds the width of 140 centimeters, a platform with a size of 140 by 150 centimeters is necessary;
a lift having a 180 degree turn should be equipped with an intermediate platform, the size of which is 180 by 150 centimeters.
Requirements for the size of the ramp for the disabled (GOST 51261-99) must be strictly observed.
Features of fences and handrails
Like ramps, the installation of fences is also carried out in strict accordance with the standards and requirements prescribed in GOST. In accordance with this document, structures must be equipped with fencing elements and handrails. They can be both single and paired, and of various heights. The following requirements must be observed when installing the handrail to the ramp for the disabled at the entrance:
- continuous installation of walling on any part of the ramp;
- the installation of the handrails should be carried out parallel to the movement path at a level not exceeding 90 centimeters;
- the railing must be fixed on the inside, and the structure itself is parallel to the plane of movement and continuously;
- at the end of the march, the handrails protrude 300 mm;
- the material for the railing should be a metal round profile with a cross section of not more than 50 millimeters, ideally 40;
- the outer ends of the structure should be equipped with small sides that prevent the wheelchairs from rolling when they approach the site.
Where to go to install?
To install the ramp at the entrance, you need:
Write a statement in several copies to the Management / Housing Maintenance Company, to the partnership of homeowners (this must be done on the head of the company).
The following should be clearly indicated in the application: the place where the ramp needs to be installed (inside or near the entrance), its proposed construction (fixed or folding).
An application for installing a ramp at the entrance must be sent to the mailing address. You can give it personally to the head of the company or the secretary. The request must be processed within a month, and then the applicant will find out the solution.
From the budget
It should be noted that the installation of ramps for the disabled is carried out from the budget. However, the financial side of construction by law can be transferred to companies that have a house on their balance sheets. To install a ramp for budget money, you need to write an application to the social protection authorities at the place of residence or registration. In addition, the following documents must be added:
- the person writing the application, documents on the right of his ownership of the living space;
- disability certificate or group information;
- copy of the passport;
- if a child has a disability, a birth certificate;
- certificate of family composition.
The district department of social protection is obliged to send the finished appeal to the Ministry of Social Protection. When the application is received and considered, the Ministry sends specialists to assess the proposed installation of the ramp, as well as to calculate the cost of work. Funds are allocated from the budget exactly according to the data submitted for design and further installation.
In the absence of any response from the administration, citizens have the right to ask the question of building a ramp to the official website of city or regional authorities. In practice, it often happens that this appeal is considered much faster, and in most cases the answer is positive.
The dimensions of the ramp for the disabled we reviewed.
Procedure for a positive decision on construction
When the administration makes a decision, you need to call and find out about the time at which work is planned to conduct measurements and the actual installation. This is necessary so that the ramp is convenient and correct. So, if there are several disabled people in the house who may have different strollers, the ramp should be, accordingly, universal. Otherwise, it will suit one citizen, but not another. Remaking it will be much more complicated than the initial proper installation. What else does the ramp ramp law regulate?
It is also necessary to strictly monitor the side with which the ramp will be built, whether the open door will not interfere with the movement of the stroller. All important details must be discussed in advance. Citizens have the right to seek truly high-quality construction of the ramp, and not such a mechanism, which then will not be suitable for operation.
You need to be prepared to wait, because several months will pass between the adoption of a positive decision and the installation. For example, when filing an application in November, you need to wait for construction next year, since the money most often ends by the end of the year. We examined who should install the ramp in the entrance.