In the modern world, everything is happening rapidly. Often people have to do housework, raise children, and work at the same time. It is difficult to allocate free time in such a frantic rhythm for a quality education, without which it is impossible to advance through the career ladder. An excellent way out of this situation is distance education. Using this form of training, you can obtain the necessary knowledge without interruption from household chores and the workplace.
Advantages and disadvantages of distance education
This option for obtaining a diploma has its pros and cons. The term "distance education" involves the organization of the educational process, in which a teacher develops a special program based on self-development of the material. Such a learning environment involves separating the student from the teacher in time and space. At the same time, modern forms of distance learning leave a chance for a full-fledged dialogue through the use of modern technical means. Thanks to this format, it is possible to teach residents of those regions in which there are no qualified teachers, high-quality higher education, and the required level of qualification.
Pages of history
In European countries, in the second half of the last century, the so-called distance universities and virtual colleges began to appear. The forms of distance learning used were distinguished by a variety of pedagogical methods and economic mechanisms.
Interactive activities of students and teachers
This term is used not only in domestic, but also in foreign pedagogy. In the narrow sense, the concept of "interactive" is considered as a dialogue between the program and the user, the exchange of requests (text commands) and invitations (answers). The emergence of the opportunity to ask questions in arbitrary form, to give detailed answers to them, became the impetus for the emergence of a large number of universities with distance learning. User’s activity and chances of interactivity directly depend on the technical capabilities of the program. In a broader sense, we are talking about dialogue between subjects through all available methods and means.
A priori interactive communication is the telecommunications environment. The full-time distance learning form is considered as subjects by the student and teacher, who communicate through real-time dialogue via e-mail, during teleconferences.
Organizational and methodological options for distance learning
Such forms of distance learning, such as external studies, are aimed at those students who, for various reasons, cannot study in the traditional (classroom) form. In 1836, the University of London appeared , the main task of which was the organization of exams, the issuance of degrees, certificates for students who are not involved in ordinary educational institutions. And at present, the relevance of such an option for education has not been lost.
There are also such forms of distance learning that involve studying on the basis of a particular university. This is a whole educational system for students who prefer distance learning, organized with the help of modern information technologies, including computer telecommunications (off-campus). Many leading universities in the world have developed programs for issuing certificates in various fields of study. At an Australian university (South Wales), 5,000 students have chosen part-time distance education. Considering that only 3 thousand students study full-time, the scale of distance work is impressive.
Some educational institutions enter into a cooperation agreement. In this case, the use of distance learning forms improves the quality of education.
Organization of distance learning
In modern Russia, there are special educational autonomous institutions that are created for talented and gifted children. Of the large centers, we will distinguish the Open University of London, on the basis of which a variety of courses for schoolchildren have been recently organized. At the University of Technology , Colorado , engineers are trained using distance learning.
Learning autonomous systems involve gaining knowledge through radio or television programs, special prints and guidelines. Basically, this form is used for an adult audience that has failed to complete school education in a timely manner. Special programs aimed at improving computer literacy and health training are being developed.
Distance learning models
A single model involves the use of a single information channel or a single learning tool. For example, the educational process is carried out using television transmission, by correspondence. This model considers printed materials as the main means of obtaining knowledge. There is no two-way communication - traditional distance learning is supposed.
Multimedia is associated with the use of various means of education: printed manuals, computer programs on removable media, video, audio recordings. Leading positions belong to the one-way transmission of information. If necessary, consultations, face-to-face meetings, exams, and training seminars are additionally conducted.
Hypermedia is considered the next generation of distance learning. The model involves the use of the latest information technologies, where the leading role is given to computer telecommunications. The easiest option is the use of email and conferences.
Highlights of distance learning in OS
Organization of full-fledged distance learning is impossible without the use of information technology. Two main points need to be highlighted:
- Distance education does not imply a rejection of the classical (traditional) version of education. No matter how advanced the technical capabilities, training through ICT is a necessity, but not a panacea. Of course, such opportunities cannot be neglected, because with the help of technical means it is possible to improve the quality of education.
- The main technologies that are used in distance learning: video conferencing, computer testing, electronic textbooks.
Work with children in the framework of priority national projects
In modern Russia, not only higher education is rapidly developing in the direction of distance learning. At the initiative of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, a special project on inclusive education for schoolchildren was developed. Children who have problems with vision, musculoskeletal system, hearing, have the opportunity to learn without leaving the walls of their home. The state has taken care of equipping such students with a full set of computer equipment. The first results of the program confirm its timeliness and relevance.
Conclusion
The use of various methods and forms of training allows you to get the desired result - to educate a harmoniously developed personality. In many situations, the distance learning method becomes the only option for higher education. Science does not lag behind those trends that occur in modern society. Each school, secondary and higher educational institution has its own information resources. The choice of the form of distance education remains with the student or the parents (legal representatives) of the student. For this type of training, the future, with its help, everyone has equal opportunities to get the desired education.