The concept of "guild" in Russia appeared quite a long time ago.
History of occurrence
So, in the 12-15 centuries, a guild is a merchant corporation or an estate organization of these strata of the population. It persisted until 1917. In the early Middle Ages this name was found quite widely. Guilds found their application in various associations of a political, religious and social nature.
The ancient Germans under the guild understood joint meals, accompanied by sacrifices to the gods, as well as funerals, weddings and the birth of children.
The spread of Christianity contributed to the beginning of the struggle of the church with organizations of the same name. Church representatives believed that a guild is an organization with remnants of paganism. However, after some time the pagan nature of these organizations was lost, they began to form at Christian churches.
The next stage in the development of this concept is the seventh-eighth century. During this period, a guild is a religious association named after a patron and having its own church and house for meetings. It included spiritual representatives, as well as lay people. There was even a court of its own in this entity. The main heyday of the guilds was in the 14-15 centuries.
Guild as a means to fight injustice
With the increasing number of cities, guilds began to appear that united the townspeople in the struggle against the oppression of the feudal lords. Guilds of merchants contributed to maintaining the dominant political and social status of members.
In England, these organizations were understood as craft workshops. In the 11-12 centuries, the following interpretation of this concept became widespread: the guild is an exclusively merchant corporation.
Such formations were widely used in Germany, England, and France. The emergence of guilds is caused by the needs of international and intercity trade. Usually merchants from one settlement were united in the guild. Together they protected goods, created fair and shopping centers, they tried to achieve various types of benefits for themselves. From such territorial associations unions appeared, uniting several settlements.
Often, a guild is an association of merchants for specific types of goods (for example, “haberdashery” or “wine merchants”). The members of such associations were bound by obligations and supported each other in shipwrecks, assaults by robbers and payment of ransoms. The guilds were headed by elders, as well as an elected council.
Guild - an effective tool for managing
In the locality where these communities were organized, they in a peculiar way guaranteed a rather profitable sale of imported goods. They also secured a monopoly on retail sales. Granted such monopoly rights could harm certain consumer interests of the city where the guild is located.
Guild Growth
With the gradual development of these organizations, a practice began to be introduced to limit the acceptance of members of this organization. So, admission to the guild was equated with permission to trade.
In those settlements where these organizations had a high influence, even the courts with their functions transferred to their structure, and with their help supervision of craft and trade was carried out. Turning to the history, it is safe to say that large trading companies became the successors of the guilds.
Thus, this concept has a rather extensive history and exists quite successfully in modern economic conditions, but already in a few other forms.
Guild of Russian Lawyers
The Guild of Lawyers is a voluntary, professional and self-governing non-profit community of specialists of this orientation in the Russian Federation. It is established and operates in accordance with the relevant legislation.
The Guild of Lawyers is a member of the International Bar Association and other international organizations. This community fruitfully cooperates with other organizations such as: the International Bar Association and the Federal Union of
Lawyers of Moscow.Within the framework of this guild, there is a domestic Academy of Notaries, which owns the right to issue a state diploma to students who have graduated from it. She also has postgraduate studies and a dissertation council.
Realtors Guild
The list of guilds replenishes the corresponding community of Russian realtors. This is an organization that brings together professionals in the domestic real estate market. Over the last decade of its work, this guild has become a powerful organization. The structure of this community includes more than one and a half thousand relevant organizations, including about 60 regional participants in the real estate market.
Use of guilds in the real estate market
The mission of this community is the creation and subsequent development of the Russian real estate market. The main goal in this case is to actively promote the development of civilization in the real estate market using existing legislation and the current regulatory framework.
This will contribute to the creation of a system of standards for its members, as well as the effective use of its infrastructure to ensure the protection of common interests in terms of property in order to meet the intangible needs of professional and scientific-technical development.
This guild has achieved certain successes in consolidating efforts aimed at creating an economic space in the field of domestic real estate. After the licensing was canceled for realtors, the Guild created a voluntary certification system for relevant services, which is the main guarantee of the quality of realtor services. Such a certification system, first created in Russia, allows you to evaluate the quality of services provided by companies that operate in the real estate market. In this case, we are talking about companies that are members of the Guild, as well as those that operate on the market independently.
Nutrition Organizations
The National Guild of Chefs was created 11 years ago (in 2003). The purpose of its creation is the support and development of the restaurant business, as well as the creation of certain professional standards.
This community brings together a large number of food industry experts, pastry chefs and cooks who represent the best Russian restaurants. The main tasks of this guild include the following:
- Popularization of the specialty of the cook and pastry chef;
- Assistance to the subsequent development of restaurants in Russia;
- Organization of interaction with the regions through consultations and workshops;
- training of young pastry chefs and cooks, etc.
Create your own community
So, when considering the question: "How to create a guild?" - it is necessary to take as a basis several principles for organizing relevant activities.
Firstly, such a community is created with the aim of uniting professionals in a certain direction to popularize a particular type of business. At the same time, the planned activities are stipulated, which may include the following:
- organization of internships, conducting training workshops, thereby providing opportunities to improve qualifications;
- providing information support in various ways;
- Assisting in the employment of members, as well as defending their interests and rights.
Secondly, this community can carry out activities in accordance with applicable law. The Russian guild is also engaged in activities that are defined by licensing legislation that permits their implementation only with special permission.
An obligatory document regulating the general activity of the community is the Memorandum on relations between members. This document specifies the rights and obligations of its participants.
So, among the opportunities provided by the guild for its members, it is necessary to highlight the following: providing information support using the Internet, television, print media and professional forums; providing the opportunity to participate in various commercial events (for example, conducting master classes); the availability of professional advice from colleagues; the use of available opportunities to assist with employment, as well as providing legal advice.
The duties of members of any community of this type include: promoting professions whose representatives are members of the guild; conscientious and honest performance of their duties in compliance with professional etiquette when interacting with subordinates and employers.
The name of the guild depends on the membership of a particular type of ongoing activity of its participants.
Conclusion
Summing up the material presented in this article, the following should be noted. A guild is a specific community of people united by their specialty and able, in close collaboration with colleagues, to achieve high results in the chosen direction of the organization. That is why, based on a narrow focus, there are guilds of lawyers, cooks, realtors, etc. These associations are a kind of "interest circles" that help young professionals find their place in this difficult life.