Any summer cottage, private or country house must be provided with water. Without water, most agricultural plants cannot grow. In the absence of moisture, the plant will simply dry out, without delighting the owners with a juicy and tasty crop. Therefore, a well in a summer cottage must be present. At the moment, there are simple drilling methods that do not require the use of expensive drilling equipment.
Manual drilling of a well is a real opportunity to get water, which is necessary for life, without using heavy drilling rigs. As a rule, situations arise when the creation of a well in a summer cottage using special equipment is impossible.
This can happen due to a number of reasons. For example, a narrow space that may arise due to the dense development of houses, as well as in adverse terrain and other circumstances. If one of the above cases happened, then you need to use the manual construction of the well.
Many people ask themselves: how to cut a water well with your own hands? This is quite hard physical work, and it is unlikely that one person can handle it. Therefore, it is necessary to take care in advance of the help that you can ask friends or neighbors in the summer cottage.
Manually water well
Various technologies are used for its construction. In turn, the life-giving source is divided into types:
- The construction of the well. This method is suitable when there is a good spring near the summer cottage. Thanks to the pressure, the well can hold 2 cubic meters of life-giving moisture.
- Filter well. To create it, it is necessary to immerse a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm to a depth of 30 m. Such immersion is carried out using a screw. A stainless mesh is installed at the end of such a pipe, which serves to delay small and large fractions of sand when immersed to a depth of, as a rule, from 10 to 50 meters. With proper work performed, the well can last more than 10 years.
- Filterless. To get water, you need to dive into the rocks of porous limestone, which can occur at a depth of 50-100 meters. With proper installation, the well will last more than 45 years. It is difficult to determine at what exactly the depth of the limestone rocks is. The well will be located at the same depth as the wells in neighboring summer cottages. However, such indicators may differ from each other due to uneven occurrence of the soil. Casing can come to the rescue. They are acquired on the basis of already known parameters from other land plots, but with one difference: they will need to be adjusted for their own soil layer.
What tools are needed?
So, to perform work on drilling a well, the following tools are needed:
- Boer;
- drill rig;
- winch;
- casing.
Feature Features
The first in the list of tools for creating a well is a drill tower. It is used for digging soil under deep wells. With this design, it became possible to immerse the drill to a greater depth. You can also carry out its rise along with the rods. If you immerse the device for short distances, then you can get it manually, without using a tower.
What are drill rods? They are made from ordinary pipes, which are connected to each other using threads or, in rare cases, dowels. For the manufacture of cutting nozzles using sheet steel with a thickness of 3 mm. After their manufacture, it is necessary to sharpen the edges of the nozzles. It should be borne in mind that during the rotational movements of the drill mechanism, they must cut into the ground clockwise.
Start of the drilling process
Setting up a well does not take much time and effort. First you need to install the tower. It is located where the future water well will be located. Its height should be several times greater than the length of the drill rod.
This is done so that it is convenient to remove the bar when lifting the drill. How to make a well? We take a bayonet shovel and dig a small amount of earth to determine the direction of the drilling process. A borehole in the first stage is created quite simply. The first steps of rotation can be performed by one person, but in the future, when immersing the pipe to a greater depth, you will need help. To pull the drill out of the soil, counterclockwise movements must be performed. If it could not be removed, repeat the procedure again.
How to drill a water well with your own hands?
The more the drill plunges into the soil, the harder it is to perform rotational movements. To facilitate the work process, water is used, thanks to which the soil will become soft and the progress easy. In the process, it is necessary to get the drilling structure to the surface. This is done every half meter of advancement and serves to free from the earth. Further drilling takes place on the same principle. It takes a lot of time to dive and climb the drill. Therefore, you should try to extract as much soil as possible.
The drilling process continues until the structure reaches the aquifer. It can be determined by the state of the extracted soil. Next, you need to reach the next layer - waterproof, which comes after the aquifer. To do this, the device sinks even lower. Manual drilling of a well reaches a mark of 20 meters. Such a process will ensure maximum flow of water into it. It is worth noting that a do-it-yourself well without equipment will only work when immersed to the first aquifer. Another important point is the pumping out of dirty water. For these purposes, as a rule, two types of pump are used: manual and submersible.
Features of submersible pumps
Such devices are intended for partial or complete immersion in water.
So that the device can run smoothly for a long time, its body is made of stainless steel. Submersible
pumps for wells have small overall dimensions, which is very important when installed in narrow wells. In addition, they have impressive power. Outwardly, the pump resembles a long cylinder, usually from 0.5 to 3 m. It is specially designed for a specific diameter of the well. To install it, you must have
additional equipment.After several buckets of dirty water have been pumped out, it is necessary to rinse the location of the water. After that, it will become clean. If this does not happen, then you need to use a drill and dive another few meters. A do-it-yourself well without equipment can also be equipped with a hydraulic pump or a drill.
Shock Rope Drilling
In order for a well to appear with its own hands without equipment, it is necessary to mark the rock with a hammer glass. It is a heavy device that falls into the soil from a great height (the height of the drilling structure). To implement this method, it is necessary to build a drilling rig, as well as purchase tools for extracting land from the well and shock-rope equipment. So, an ordinary three-legged construction can serve as a tower, which can be made not only of steel elements, but also of wooden logs. Its height should be proportional to the size of the shock element.
Let's talk about the technology of shock-rope drilling. As mentioned earlier, the process is based on lowering the driven glass from the height of the drilling tool. In this case, a driven tool breaks part of the rock and captures it. With its volume, the soil is removed from the place of the future well. A steel pipe is used for rig equipment. At its end is a cutting element that resembles a half turn of a screw.
The cutting tool will be in direct contact with the soil. At a distance of 0.5 meters from the end of the steel pipe is a hole. It serves to remove the extracted earth and, as a result, to clean the drill glass. A cable is attached to its upper part, which is necessary for lowering the mill to a depth, as well as its extraction to the surface along with the contents. The glass must be constantly freed from the earth. It fills every 0.5 m.
Features of casing
A dug well with your own hands without equipment requires the necessary casing. It is performed using special whole asbestos-cement pipes or individual pieces. If you work with segments, you should pay attention to their diameter. They must be the same so that further immersion of the structure is easy and does not constitute additional problems. The pipe joints must be secured with brackets that will be invisible under the strips of steel. They prevent the sliding of individual elements.
What is casing for?
It serves to prevent wall shedding during rotational movement of the screw, and also eliminates clogging of the well. Upsetting pipes block the layer where bad dirty water is located and prevent it from entering a clean source.
Shutdown
When the well is ready, a steel pipe with a filter is lowered to its bottom, which is a fine grid that does not allow small and large fractions to pass, and also provides water purification. After that, it is fixed with a clamp. At this stage, the question of how to drill a water well with your own hands can be considered closed.
The last step is to shelter the structure using a caisson. It resembles a head that serves to protect any contaminants from entering the well. After some time, you can notice the rise of the pipe. Do not worry about this, as this is a natural process that does not require any intervention. Serious changes must be made when the water begins to become contaminated with sand or other rocks.
Positive and negative sides
The advantage of the manual method is that you can drill a water well with your own hands absolutely anywhere. This repents not only the land, but also some rooms, such as a garage or a barn. If you install a water source in any room, the owner of the summer cottage will not have to spend extra money on insulation, as well as purchase heating equipment. In addition, you do not need to use massive expensive drilling rigs. A well that was built manually can last a different amount of time. The service life depends on the depth and frequency of use. Therefore, such a source can last for several months or a couple of years. To increase this period, high-quality maintenance is required.
The main disadvantages of such a system is the shallow depth, and in some cases, the cost of the work.
The manual method can be several times higher than the mechanical process. In addition, such wells can become clogged quickly, which is a significant problem.
Total
Of course, manual drilling is a complex process. But there is a significant advantage - low cost of work. Since it uses its own power, and not special drilling equipment. Therefore, we can conclude that this method of drilling is the most popular precisely because of acceptable economic indicators.
So, we figured out how to make a well.