The question of who these pioneers are likely to perplex representatives of the current young generation, or their answers will be quite far from reality. If we turn to history, it was a movement of children's communist formations both in our country and in other socialist states.
Having analyzed who the pioneers are, we can say that the scout community lies at the source of this organization. However, there were a number of features. Unlike scouts, the pioneer system encompassed all students, had financial and moral state support. Its goal was to educate people who fully approve of the existing ideology. In addition, another difference from scouts was the lack of division of primary organizations by gender.
Given this, answering the question of who the pioneers are, one can say with a great deal of certainty that this movement was at that time part of the state machine of the USSR and the socialist countries loyal to it. It was formed by the decision of the Komsomol conference in 1922, originally bore the name of Spartak. After the death of Lenin, the organization was renamed in his honor. Studying the question of who the pioneers are, one can find out that at first the units of this movement formed in the upbringing houses, children joined it individually. The base for them was transformed scout communities.
After 1925, the formation of organizations was entrusted to schools, the movement became widespread. Children were admitted to it, starting at the age of nine, the first to get active were activists engaged in public work, and excellent students. Formally, they were accepted into pioneers at will, but in reality, practically all students of the corresponding age were in this organization. Only inveterate hooligans or children from principally religious families could be overboard. This became one of the steps of the party structure of the state, the peak of which was the CPSU.
The organization had a uniform consisting of an icon and a red tie tied in a certain way, there were pioneer heroes - children who performed various deeds, which served as examples for the rest. Serious infrastructure was created for the movement. It included camps for recreation of local, regional, republican and union significance, in almost every village under the auspices of the organization, houses were created for the creativity of children. There was a newspaper "Pioneer Truth", in which pioneers published photos, articles, essays. The scale of the publication was impressive, it was written out by all schools, libraries and very many parents for their children. Great importance was given to various mass events, concerts, shows, trips, rallies, sports. The militarized game "Zarnitsa" was popular, the conduct of which was provided for in all children's recreation camps.
When the USSR collapsed, and the leading and guiding role of the CPSU was lost, the mass movement abruptly waned. Joining the pioneers is no longer mandatory, there is no coordination at the state level, most of the primary cells have broken up. Currently, the Communists recreated pioneer organizations, but they are few in number.