An immigrant is a person who migrates from one or another territory with a change of permanent residence for a long time or forever. From the Latin language, the word "immigrant" (migrantis) is translated as "resettled person" (or group of persons). Migrants are people who have changed their place of residence, or those who regularly migrate. For example, a citizen goes to work in another city.
Types of migration
An immigrant is a concept that can be interpreted in another way. In a broad sense, a migrant is anyone who periodically travels to other settlements or areas for business, tourism or recreational purposes. Or it’s those people who regularly, every day (every week) shuttle between settlements. Or for various periods (more than a month) are moved to another city on an ongoing or temporary basis. If you take this concept in the narrow sense, then an immigrant is a migrant to another place.
As already noted, population migration mainly involves a change of residence. In this sense, it may be temporary or irrevocable. That is, the move can be carried out permanently or for a long, but limited period. In addition, migration can be external and internal. External is immigration / emigration outside the country. Internal is called the movement of the population from village to city or inter-district relocation.
Rules for the departure of migrants
When leaving the settlement, that is, the previous place of residence, the migrant must deregister and register upon arrival at the new place of residence in the passport office. For departure it is necessary to fill out the departure sheet, upon arrival - arrival. According to these sheets, statistical authorities keep records of country data on the structure and number of migration flows.
Immigrants in Russia
Russia occupies a leading position in the world in receiving migrants from different countries. Many immigrants come from the states of the former USSR, and the number of representatives of Asian countries and foreign countries is increasing. If we consider the issue from the point of view of sociology, we can say that an immigrant is a person who realizes himself as an integral subject of behavior in a new place of residence and has a sense of group solidarity.
Most migrants are not registered at the place of stay, that is, they are illegally in the Russian Federation. Illegal immigrants are people who illegally entered the country, in violation of the current order. Also illegal are stateless persons and those who enter with fake documents. Or those who exceed the permissible length of stay in the country.
Illegal stay
Illegal stay is understood as being not duly executed, according to the procedure in force in the Russian Federation, by foreign citizens and stateless persons on its territory. It does not matter if they entered the country legally or not. Illegally entering are those people who have violated the rules of entry into the Russian Federation established by applicable law.
The category of “illegally staying” also includes foreigners from the Baltic countries, non-CIS countries and CIS citizens, even if the border was legally crossed. Both categories (illegally entering and already residing) overlap each other only partially, since citizens who illegally entered later can legalize their stay in Russia, leave or are deported. But the citizens who illegally reside in the country include those who entered legally, but subsequently lost their legal status.