Every day, people use a variety of products, not at all wondering how it all gets to them. Is it that an ardent young man, ordering a bouquet for a nonresident sweetheart in a courier service, and a dilapidated old woman, wandering through the mail for a parcel with a hearing aid, will take care of how the necessary thing is sent or received.
But there are many who resolve these issues day and night. They are at the wheel and at the helm, in front of the monitor and at the construction site. They are everywhere. Their task is the implementation of numerous types of delivery.
How to get the goods ordered on the site
Suppose a customer contacts one of the online stores and places an order there. Now he expects to receive his goods quickly and without problems.
Consider what types of delivery exist in this case.
View | Services | Comments |
Pickup | It is carried out by the buyer, if he has the ability and desire to independently transport the goods | Popularity grows with stores expanding a chain of outlets |
Freight Forwarding Company | Not only carries goods, but also insures them, is engaged in customs clearance | High competition among these companies allows customers to choose the most suitable |
Delivery service | Small-sized cargo delivery with a length of about 1.5 m and a weight of up to 35 kg: documents, bouquets and gifts, pizza, hot meals | Speed and safety - high, approach to the client - individual, cost - average |
Express delivery | Variety of courier delivery | High speed and cost |
Postal service | Delivery to the post office; Russian Post portal allows you to track the location of the package | Low guarantees of speed and quality, and the dispatch will generally reach the addressee |
How to determine, so to speak, the price of the issue? Delivery may be:
- depending on many factors, such as weight and cargo parameters, transportation distance, as well as the availability of services that complement the basic;
- free;
- fixed value;
- its value may depend on what is the value of the entire order (most likely, it will be set as a percentage of the latter).
Through different countries and regions
Cargo delivery can be carried out from one country to another. Moreover, sometimes, in order to get from the sender to the recipient, the delivered cargo may cross more than one state border. This means obtaining the necessary permits and various other procedures. This is typical for the type of delivery - international.
If we are talking about inter-regional transport, goods travel within one country. Certain permissions are also needed here.
Pour it in! Bulk up! Throw it!
It is necessary to classify the transported in order to properly organize transportation and optimize them. For each specific order for the delivery of the company, the contractor needs to do special preparatory work.
Cargoes according to how they are loaded or unloaded are divided:
- By industry.
- Destination.
- Dimensions.
They are:
- Bulk.
- Bulk.
- Piece.
Elephant, gas bottle, drill rig and centner of tomatoes deliver differently.
Cargoes are divided into several categories:
- Ordinary. Their weight complies with the standards of a vehicle moving along public roads, and their dimensions are in full compliance with traffic rules.
- Dangerous. Those that can adversely affect the environment and the health of citizens, or damage property. Hazardous Goods are listed on the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
- Perishable. Must be stored at a special temperature and humidity level. In this type of delivery of goods, special attention is paid to timing, otherwise they will simply go bad. Here we are talking mainly about food products, living plants (seedlings, flowers).
- Oversized and super heavy. - Have a non-standard look and weight. Sometimes it is necessary to invent for their transportation not just an atypical route, but even a new vehicle! Examples: transporting an entire drilling rig or a finished home.
- Alive. They are most often from the agricultural sector (poultry or cattle). This includes animals - circus artists and all kinds of pets.
- Heavyweight. No explanation is required here. The great mass speaks for itself better than the mass of words.
Legal cases
Normative legal acts prescribe the rules for the delivery of goods of each category. They must be studied and strictly observed by carriers.
For example, dangerous goods. Since their transportation is risky, the most stringent security measures accompany it. The rules, argue the special equipment of freight transport, rolling stock that carries dangerous goods and the obligatory escort of freight forwarding.
To transport long lengths correctly, regulations require special equipment and the availability of highly qualified loaders.
Sometimes, escorting the delivery of goods by a cover car or even a traffic police patrol car is required. These cases are stipulated by separate rules. In addition, support can be carried out at the request of the customer and the delivery company. It is called voluntary.
Who should be poured into the body? To whom to fill in the tank? Who should I put in the container?
How to deliver sand or grain, crushed stone or expanded clay? This is already bulk cargo. They should not be on the roadway during movement, so they are stacked so that they are not higher than the sides and are covered with a canopy.
Bulk cargoes have been delivered from point to point by tanks from the 30s of the XX century. But capacities differ, say, for milk and oil. Typical characteristics are established for all types of tanks.
Transportation with removable shipping containers is a very convenient and therefore a popular form of delivery. They are universal: suitable for almost any vehicle. Using them reduces costs and saves customer time. There are containers for:
- 3 tons;
- 5 tons;
- 20 feet (international shipping);
- 40 feet.
Two or more in one
Type of cargo delivery can be modular. This occurs during inter-regional transportation and means the following: goods of different customers with a similar route are collected at the warehouse of the delivery company. And then each of the customers pays only his place in the total load.
In this case, along with large containers, small boxes can travel on different types of transport.
By sea and by land
Cargo transportation is a significant and very important type of economic activity in any country. Everything that is necessary for human life is constantly sent from somewhere and obtained by someone.
There are various shipping methods. Its types are as follows:
- using vehicles;
- by air;
- on water;
- by rail.
Road transport is one of the most popular traffic. After all, most destinations are available to trucks or cars.
A large batch of goods is very convenient to transport by train. But it is cost effective when there is really a lot of cargo.
The cheapest type of delivery is shipping by water. But geography dictates its own conditions. Ports are relatively few, and most of them are far from transport hubs. This reduces the popularity of seemingly profitable shipping.
The advantage of air transportation is obvious: speed. But their cost is the highest. Despite the last factor, this type of delivery is in demand. In the 21st century of speeds, the phrase “time is money” sounds much more relevant.
Rushing quiet light of my soul
This line from the soundtrack to the famous domestic series, it turns out, is about the main traffic. This is the name for transportation over very long distances (both international and domestic). People are doing this, in our country called truckers.
Long distance and time routes. Accordingly, the requirements for trunk transportation are high. One of them is the reliability of the car and its convenience for the driver who delivers the goods.
Hold on to tug if transport is a dozen
Do not forget that there are such places of delivery, the types of the above transportation in which are virtually impossible. And here, horse-drawn transport provides invaluable services to people.
Its name is from the word "tug", that is, a loop of rope or leather in a harness.
Tireless animals make the carts of this, both passenger and freight vehicles, move. It is divided into:
- Wheeled.
- Tobogganing.
Who does the delivery in this case:
- Deer.
- Dogs.
- Horses.
- Donkeys.
- Oxen.
- Mules
- Buffalos.
- Camels
- Elephants.
- Giraffes
- Sheeps.
- Llamas.
- Ostriches.
Sometimes the load is not located on the wagon, but on the animal itself. This type of transport is called pack.
On some roads there is a sign prohibiting pack and horse-drawn transport on them. But in other places where you can only get with it, there are no roads at all.
In the old days, a method for delivering mail messages using pigeons was known. Who knows, maybe someone is using it now.
Delivery by pipe
For more than half a century, pipeline transport has been developing. With its help, gases and liquids are delivered for many thousands of kilometers: raw materials and not only. Pipelines transport all kinds of chemically stable substances.
Now, using one or another product, one can clearly imagine what types of delivery were used to get to this place and at that time.