Profession is the main type of human activity in society. This is the choice of his fate, life path. It is significant in the life of each individual person, as well as in society as a whole. Labor activity links all the structures of the world into one big engine of progress on earth.
In the modern world, it is important not only to be busy, but also to earn the highest recognition in labor activity in order to reveal one's own potential. Further training among professionals maintains competitiveness in the labor market, and also helps any specialist to constantly develop their professional qualities and achieve career heights.
The concept of "professionalism"
Professionalism is a high level of knowledge and skills in a certain field.
The achievement of outstanding results in the workplace, through the application of already gained experience, can also be called this term. This is manifested in the active professional development of the individual, a high degree of preparation for labor requirements, and systematic professional development.
Also, this concept can be revealed in the role of the motivational side of a person, given his ability to assimilate new knowledge and technologies, practical abilities, target orientation, personality assessment, professional values, work efficiency.
This concept characterizes three aspects, this:
- The identity of the specialist.
- Professional activity.
- Professional communication.
The professionalism of the personality is realized through the development of the necessary skills for the work process, the quality of fulfilling the tasks set and gaining experience in the field of leading activities.
Performance criteria
There is a three-level grading assessment that meets the normative criteria of professionalism qualification levels, where the lowest can be called educational (gives an idea of potential abilities), the middle is considered to be the main (established norm), and the highest will be a prospect (further development). It is important to understand that the assessment of the professional level involves the internal and external criteria of the psychological state of a person.
Each gradation can be divided into several internal categories and formed on a ten-point scale.
1. The first group of such criteria implies productivity in labor productivity. This may include the quality of work and the speed of its implementation.
2. The second group considers indicators at which the specificity of the profession is revealed. For instance:
- Skills, knowledge, skills, experience.
- The power of motivation.
- Professional self-esteem.
- Stress resistance.
- Features of the profession.
- General state.
Professional self-esteem
The level of professionalism is determined by personal social parameters in relation to work tasks. The following factors affect the success of an activity:
- Mental and physical condition.
- Level of self-esteem.
- Adequate self-esteem.
- Sustainability of self-esteem.
- The flexibility of self-esteem.
Here comes into force the concept of "self-regulation." In professional activities, it is aimed at an adequate perception of the body's resources. Any deviation from the adequate level of perception is reflected not only at work, but also on the state of the person.
Physical fitness makes it possible to expand the scope of activity and leads to a complete adaptation of a person to working conditions, a certain level of efficiency and sustainable performance. Thus, in the course of labor activity, a cyclic process is developed in which the strengths and weaknesses of the employee are revealed, his professional suitability and competence are determined.
Stages of professionalism
To determine the level of professionalism, 4 stages of professional competence are distinguished:
1. A person is not aware of his incompetence. He does not have the necessary knowledge and skills, therefore he is not able to conduct activities successfully.
The reason may be a banal lack of skills, when with further professional activity a person gets the necessary experience. In another case, a personal negative assessment (self-doubt, lack of motivation, increased anxiety) hinders the development of the subject and does not contribute to increasing competence.
2. Conscious incompetence. A person understands that he needs training for the implementation of labor activities.
3. Conscious competence. A clear structure of professional skills is formed, a person effectively applies knowledge.
4. Unconscious competence. Occurs when professionalism becomes part of the personality. Here, professionalism is defined as the adoption of a single right decision, even in critical conditions.
Skill Levels
The level of qualification of professionalism is the definition of an assessment of professional skills, knowledge, degree of responsibility and authority in accordance with professional standards.
Qualification is defined as the degree of preparation for a specialty or the process of assessing a person's professional capabilities.
Assessment of the level of professionalism is based on the following qualifications:
| Levels | Authority and Responsibility | Essential Skills | Continuing education requirements |
| 1 | Duty under leadership. The degree of personal responsibility. | Implementation of standard instructions. Basic knowledge. | Passing initial training. Practical skills. |
| 2 | Execution of tasks under the guidance. Ability to make decisions independently. | Fulfillment of standard instructions. The choice of a strategy for resolving the issue, taking into account the non-standard situation. Understanding the basics of standard tasks in practice | Professional training. Practical skills. |
| 3 | Execution of tasks under the guidance. Planning an effective methodology for resolving the issue. Independent solution to the problem. | The solution of basic standard tasks. Selection of effective ways to accomplish the task. Problem solving based on past experience. | Vocational training , retraining, advanced training up to 1 year. |
| 4 | Execution of tasks under the guidance. Planning effective means of resolving the issue. Independent solution to the problem. Responsibility for yourself and subordinate employees. | Realization of various tasks by using the experience gained. Monitoring the situation, correcting actions if necessary. The decision is special. tasks. Ability to self-analysis. | Education Required. Passing a program for the training of qualified personnel. Training. Practical skills. |
| 5 | Participation in decision-making within the structural problems. Independent decision making. Responsibility for oneself and subordinates. | The use of technological or methodological professional knowledge. The ability to independently find a solution in professional matters. Monitoring and analysis of assignments. | Passing the training of highly specialized personnel. Further training, retraining. Extra training. |
| 6 | Self-organization of one’s own activity. Monitoring the work of subordinates. Ability to establish cooperation between employees or departments. Responsibility for the enterprise. | The introduction of effective techniques in solving professional issues. Control and adjustment of decisions. Self-analysis of professional activity. | Higher education. Education in mid-level training. Additional programs. Possession of practical skills at the highest level. |
| 7 | Strategy development. Management of large organizations. Responsibility for the result of the enterprise. | The solution of tasks on the development of professional activity using the experience gained. Development of new methods in solving practical activities. Finding new ways of enterprise development. | The presence of higher education. Support skills training. Possession of necessary skills. |
| 8 | Independent work in the management of the labor process in large enterprises. Responsibility for the performance of large companies or entire industries. | Development of design and research tasks aimed at improving efficiency. | Training in scientific and pedagogical programs (graduate school, postgraduate studies), assistant programs, residency programs. Getting practical skills. |
| 9 | Management of large volumetric processes, development of economic and social systems. Responsibility for the result of the enterprise at the national and international levels. | Self-development of methods for solving problems. Increasing the effectiveness of activities. Creation of new industries. | Training in scientific and pedagogical programs (graduate school, postgraduate studies), assistant programs, residency programs. Additional training required. Practical skills |
Assessment Methods
The level of professionalism is assessed to obtain information on labor productivity. This helps to decide whether to raise or lower employees. Assessing the level of professionalism and the quality of work performance helps to analyze the company's progress in the market.
Professional competence can be assessed in two ways: individual and group.
The individual methodology includes:
- Interview.
- Testing.
- Observing an employee in practice.
- Observation of the employee in practice with the adjustment of difficult situations.
With the group method, several methods can be used simultaneously.
Among them are:
- Assessment Center. When employees are evaluated collectively. This may represent a business game that will be evaluated by an expert panel.
- Conduct of negotiations.
Non-standard assessment methods also exist. For example, with the participation of a psychologist who makes an assessment of personal and professional qualities.
Training
Further training is considered as the passage of vocational training in order to improve theoretical and practical skills. Obtaining top-level qualifications contributes to the improvement of skills and professional growth.
Training can be short (from 72 hours), theoretical (up to 100 hours) and long (over 100 hours). Persons who have undergone short-term or theoretical training are given a certificate of advanced training. Persons who have completed a course of more than 100 hours receive a certificate.
Qualifications of teachers
The qualification requirements of teachers are prepared in accordance with the model regulation on certification of pedagogical and senior employees of state and municipal institutions and educational organizations, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Persons applying for the first, second and highest qualification categories must have higher education and work experience.
Levels of professionalism of the teacher of the second category:
- Understanding the basics of the theory of pedagogy, psychology and age physiology;
- Knowledge of the content of the taught material;
- Knowledge of teaching methods;
- Knowledge of the basics of education;
- Possession of practical knowledge;
- Possession of different teaching methods and a wide range of methods, providing interest in the educational process;
- Ability to establish communication with students;
- Ability to contribute to the development of the educational system;
- The ability to create comfortable conditions during the educational process;
The first qualification category must meet all the necessary requirements of the second, and also have a set of the following skills:
- Application of practical skills in modern psychological and pedagogical diagnostics;
- Possession of modern pedagogical technologies;
- Possession of the methods of analysis of educational-methodical subject work;
- Understanding the psychological characteristics of students;
- The ability to select the methodology of the educational process for the characteristics of students.
The highest pedagogical level of professionalism
To improve the professional level in pedagogical activity, the knowledge and skills of the applicant must correspond to the first qualification category. This point must be taken into account. In addition, a high level of professionalism is characterized by the following skills:
- Be creative in solving practical problems.
- Create the most comfortable conditions for the implementation of a creative form of education.
- The ability to use experimental methods in the educational process.
- Master organizational methods of the educational process.
- Have skills in planning and managing the educational process.
Professional Development Stages
In the process of increasing his level of professionalism, the subject is at different stages of development.
- Pre-professionalism. At this stage, a person is engaged in occupational activities without special skills. His minimum knowledge corresponds to the level of a beginner or assistant.
- Professionalism. The stage where you can talk about the qualities of a professional. A person learns the necessary knowledge and rules of the profession, acquires a specialty, sets the first professional goals.
- The highest professionalism. The stage of professional growth at which a specialist achieves career success, turns into an expert in his field, finds creative, extraordinary solutions to problems in his professional field, independently develops strategies and concepts that he applies in practice. Has the ability to educate others.
- After professionalism. Mainly refers to specialists who have reached retirement age. In this period, a person can be an adviser, the best mentor, consultant in his former professional field. Such people are called ex-professionals.
The stage of unprofessionalism is also considered, when a person, possessing the necessary knowledge and techniques, goes in the wrong direction. Something prevents him from increasing his professionalism (there is a lack of practice or an erroneous development strategy has been chosen).