The manufacture of sliding gates is significantly different from the creation of conventional systems for opening aisles in walls or a fence. This requires additional equipment and the use of special installation techniques. Therefore, the sliding gate scheme has its own design features, depending on the specific installation location, purpose and principle of implementation of the opening mechanism.
Benefits
The popularity of such systems is directly related to the design. The fact is that it allows you to save space as much as possible. A typical scheme of sliding gates involves shifting the door along the wall, which means that a large gap in the area of their work is not required. Given this, the installation of such systems is mandatory at some plants or industrial facilities. Also, thanks to the design features and the use of special mechanisms, it is in such gates that it is easiest to realize mechanical opening and its remote control.
An important factor, which is one of the decisive factors when choosing such structures, is that they can be used without leaving the machine. It is not necessary to independently open and subsequently fix the flaps, which is very annoying for some drivers. It is very convenient, especially in bad weather conditions.
disadvantages
The usual sliding gate scheme requires the presence of space along the wall or fence, which is necessary to accommodate the sash. Also, such designs are somewhat difficult to manufacture, which sometimes affects the cost of the work. This may require additional materials to implement the movement mechanism. It is necessary to select a design for a specific installation site. Many standard solutions may simply not be suitable for certain areas, although it is worth considering separately all types of such gates to show their main characteristics.
Cantilever gate
Such systems require a special guide, which is usually mounted in the lower part on the wall and it serves as a support for moving the canvas. Such a scheme of sliding gates with their own hands is made easiest. This is a fairly simple design, which is very common. It allows you to use vehicles of any height and has no restrictions. However, this will have to be spent on the length of the canvas and produce a special fixing portal even on the opposite side of the driveway. Also, their windage can be attributed to their shortcomings, although when creating a small entrance it is almost imperceptible.
Overhead gate
These structures are usually installed where there is already a restriction on entry in height. The fact is that the mechanism for opening them is located on a special rail, on top of the entrance. This is very important to consider even at the design stage, since it is necessary to take into account the possibility of passage of vehicles with large dimensions. A typical scheme of sliding gates with their own hands is made up quite simply. It is enough to calculate the principle of fastening the upper guide and already place the suspension mechanism itself on it. Most often, these structures are mounted in the spans between workshops or inside large rooms. This allows you to immediately solve the problem with the dimensions of the transport and use only the advantages of these systems.
Wheel gate
Such designs are most often used to create wide spans. Typically, the layout and drawing of sliding gates with dimensions is created approximately. The fact is that the final measurements of the movable mechanism are best done after the installation of the rail, on which the wheels will ride. This design is considered less practical, since even minor obstructions or blockages on the floor can affect the quality of work. However, if it is necessary to create a fairly wide span and there is no possibility to use a suspension system, then this manufacturing option may seem the best.
Drawing
If you take into account all the features of different designs, then you can understand that an individual approach is needed to create sliding gates with your own hands. Design, drawings, diagrams or sketches taken from other objects may not be suitable for a particular span or may not meet the requirements of the end user. Therefore, professionals first recommend approaching this issue based on needs and personal preferences.
First of all, the principle of the design is determined and, based on these data, a canvas drawing is made. Usually, they make a fairly strong frame, and its length is increased by 40%. These are necessary costs that allow you to hide the gap between the sash and the wall and at the same time give the product additional strength.
When the design of the sliding gates is created, the schemes or drawings are made taking into account the acquisition of finished units. These may include rails, rollers or other factory-made elements. Therefore, before starting work, it is very important to immediately clarify the availability of these nodes and find out all their parameters. The same applies to the automated opening system, which may have its own installation features and therefore needs to be displayed in detail in the drawing.
Preparation of support pillars and bases
This stage is considered very important, because not only the quality of the construction depends on it, but also the period of operation that the sliding gates will have. A photo, diagram or drawing in this process will not help, because you need to take into account the individual terrain. At the same time, it is immediately worth noting that support poles with a locking device and a trap are best done on one monolithic base. This will avoid distortions that occur due to uneven subsidence of the soil. Such a kind of foundation is best done at the depth of freezing of the earth, taking into account the soil itself.
- First, they dig trenches under the pillars themselves and connect them together.
- At the next stage, a sand substrate is made into which a small amount of crushed stone can be added.
- If you plan to install an automatic opening system, then immediately it is better to make a cable and other control wires.
- Next, reinforcements are made, and the channel is laid up in the connecting trench with the flat side up. It will serve as the basis for rails or a movable carriage. At this stage, perform using a level to prevent skewing, which will affect the operation of the structure.
- Then produce concreting. It is very important to achieve maximum air removal during pouring. Therefore, some masters prefer to use special vibrators that are immersed in the solution.
- The supporting columns of the gates should be installed only after the concrete has completely solidified. Usually they are made of brick, immediately wiring and establishing seats for fixing metal elements.
Fittings selection
Creating sliding gates, drawings, diagrams, sketches, design or instruction of which involves the use of additional fittings, it is very important to choose all the necessary elements correctly. They must correspond to one another and be suitable for solving specific problems. Given this, professionals recommend purchasing ready-made kits. They include all the necessary nodes that allow you to implement a specific type of device with minimal cost. These items typically include rollers, trolleys, limit switches, catchers and guide rails. These are the main details, creating oneself is very expensive and does not make sense.
Fabrication of the canvas frame and the supporting frame
Typically, for this purpose, a profile pipe with a rectangular section of 60x30 is used. However, making sliding gates with their own hands, drawings, diagrams or sketches may involve the use of other materials. The joining of all elements is performed using welding. The reinforcing frame can be made from a 40x20 pipe. It is very important that it is welded directly along the inner perimeter with stiffeners and struts.
Bearing frames are made in the same way. However, they do not need a reinforcing frame. Simply install stiffeners and additional struts. After that, the structure is painted and fixed to the wall.
Installation of the main nodes
At this stage, you might need an electrical diagram of the sliding gate and installation instructions for equipment such as rollers, carriages, or rails. All nodes are installed in their places, taking into account their design features and method of attachment. Most often they use self-tapping screws designed for working with metal or bolted connections. Some experts recommend that you perform a preliminary installation first, followed by fitting all the parts in place. After that, it will be possible to make a final fixation.
When all nodes are mounted on the frame, you can mount the frame for the canvas on its supporting structure. It also requires leveling. The door leaf should be mounted perfectly, because only in this way it is possible to achieve the correct operation of the product and extend its life.
The installation of control systems and mechanical opening is carried out in accordance with their installation instructions. It is also necessary to take into account the specific features of the frame and supporting elements.
Sheathing
When sliding gates are created, drawings and sketches usually involve the use of a metal profile for cladding. The fact is that this material has a relatively light weight, good appearance and is very practical. It is fixed using special fixing material in the form of self-tapping screws. Some craftsmen prefer to purchase already painted sheets, for which there are special mounts. Their cost is usually higher, but the appearance of such products is simply amazing. It is also worth noting the fact that the factory dyeing is much better and will last quite a long time. At the same time, it is worth paying attention to products with printed drawings, which will give designs a unique style and uniqueness. However, it should be remembered that the cost of such metal sheet profiles is quite high.
Recommendations of specialists
- If it is planned that a KAMAZ car will enter the gate, then their width should be at least 5 meters. Such parameters are taken from the calculation of the size of the machine, the ability to drive at an angle of 45 degrees and a margin for fluctuations or sliding in bad weather.
- Even suspended gates need a concrete base, since skew caused by soil movement can affect not only the movement system, but also the web constipation elements.
- All additional elements and automatic opening systems should be purchased from one manufacturer. This way you can avoid the problems associated with the incompatibility of individual elements or locking mechanisms.
It is necessary to select a control device for automatic door opening very carefully, paying attention not only to the manufacturer, but also to the seller. The fact is that these are issues not only of comfort, but also of security. That is why many craftsmen prefer to contact special companies that provide similar services and give a guarantee on their goods, conducting periodic maintenance and warranty repairs.
Conclusion
Based on the above material, we can conclude that the sliding gate scheme is created individually. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the type of implementation of the process of moving the blade and the presence of control systems. It is also important to pay attention to the manufacture of the structures themselves, since it must not only be durable, but also have a low weight. Therefore, the quality of material selection should be approached very responsibly and without unnecessary savings.