Russian literary language is great and rich. There is probably no such diverse style in more than one language in the world. Proof of this can serve as a substitute for an official business style. It turns out that, along with the existence of such a functional variety as the official-business style of the Russian language, it is divided, in turn, according to the sphere of business communication used by one or another group of vocabulary.
From time immemorial, the main functions of the official business style consisted in servicing business speech in the process of communication between states and administrations of enterprises and organizations. Referring to the book group of lexical means, it is implemented in orders, decrees and orders, laws, acts and certificates, in business correspondence and texts of certificates and powers of attorney. It is possible to list endlessly, but it is better to pay attention to intra-group vocabulary, which forms the underlings of the official-business style.
There are only three of them: diplomatic, legislative and managerial. All of them are united by the accuracy and detail of the presentation of thoughts, standard language revolutions and cliches, as well as the prescriptive nature of the presentation, which obliges execution. And they differ, as we see, by the scope. Consider the underlining of an official business style in more detail.
- Diplomatic style is used in international documents when treaties, agreements, communiqués, conventions, etc. are drawn up. The peculiarity of this group of vocabulary is that the language means used in oral speech are practically not used. The main service sector is political.
- Legislative sub-style is the vocabulary used in writing legislative acts, government decrees, civil and criminal procedure documents of national importance. In this case, an oral form of speech is possible - judicial. The documents of this style are uniform and stylistically very similar to each other. Legal terminology is used in large numbers, even emotionally expressive words acquire the character of a term. Many words are used with the opposite meaning, since documents often compare and compare various concepts. The main service sector is legal, judicial.
- Management style is the language of interdepartmental agreements, orders and instructions, as well as used in writing certificates, characteristics, powers of attorney and receipts of an administrative nature. This substyle has many oral forms. These include: reports, lectures, speeches, official phone conversations, as well as oral orders. Along with the use of neutral and other types of book vocabulary, stable verbal turns of an administrative and managerial nature are used, as well as Old Slavicism and archaisms, which have long been considered a model for creating a variety of language cliches. Anthonyms are little used here, but a lot of abbreviations and various digital codifications are used. The main area of use of the sub-style is administrative.
It is the functions of the official business style that determine all its features. For documents written in this language, the emotional side does not matter. The main thing is their legal nature, compliance with the letter of the law. Therefore, the official business style is full of generic designations with poor semantics, but applied in a broader sense. More commonly used are general nouns, impersonal sentences, and participial and participial sentences and verbs of the present tense.
Thus, the official-business style of the Russian language serves to specify and standardly disclose the content of business papers, avoiding emotional coloring.