Quite popular were the projects of gazebos with barbecue. Many people like to fry food at the stake, cook kebabs and more. In addition, the advantage of such a project will be that the heat from the fire and coals will heat the gazebo. With this design, it will be possible without any problems to cook your favorite food with comfort even in winter.
General construction information
Before proceeding to the practical part of the question, it is necessary to understand what types of arbors exist and which ones can be built independently. In addition to the above-mentioned projects of gazebos with barbecue, they are divided into two large types - these are open, which are used only in the summer, and also closed (glazed), used all year round. However, this does not mean that everything is limited to these two types. There are designs for which the glazing is removable. A canopy of transparent film can also be used, which, if necessary, can be stretched onto the frame of the building.
Another significant separation of structures is due to the presence or absence of sex. If we are talking about a gazebo without a floor, then this means that the frame will be installed on the prepared site. This can be a place filled with concrete mortar, laid with paving slabs, paving stones and other coatings. However, this does not mean that you can not install directly on the grass, if there is a desire. The only thing that will have to be strengthened is the protection of the substrate, since prolonged contact with the soil will cause rapid destruction of the material.
If we are talking about a gazebo in the garden, which should have a floor, then it must be installed on the foundation. Most often, its role is played by supporting pillars. You can add them from such material as brick, but. It is also possible to install foundation blocks or fill columns with concrete mortar.
Pergolas made of wood material
Most often, gazebos in the garden are built of wood. It is easiest to work with this material with your own hands, and it is also environmentally friendly, and inside the structure there will be a pleasant smell of wood. It should be remembered that before starting to exploit a tree, it is necessary to dry it well, and also treat it with antiseptics from decay and pests, and with flame retardants, which reduce the combustibility of the material.
You can make a hexagonal arbor, square, round, etc. The choice of design depends on individual preferences and capabilities. Work begins with an accurate drawing. If the owner does not have personal experience in such matters, it is best to seek help from a construction company. After preparing the documentation, you can proceed to the practical part.
The construction of the gazebo, like any capital building, begins with the preparation of the site. It is necessary to remove the soil layer along with fertile soil. Otherwise, the remains of plants will rot.
If the soil is sandy or sandy loam, then a layer of rubble, crushed construction debris or screenings should be poured into the dug hole. All this needs to be tamped, and on top pour a small layer of sand.
If the soil is clay, then the problem is solved in a slightly different way. Water flows through clay quite poorly, and therefore, removing fertile soil from clay, you can fill it back and compact it, then the liquid will not accumulate and emit an unpleasant odor.
Foundation work and bottom harness
After the drawings of the gazebo with your own hands are ready, the foundation is prepared, you can proceed to the construction of the foundation. There are several options here. If you need to finish construction as quickly as possible, you can install concrete blocks on a rammed sand cushion.
You will have to spend more time if you lay out pillars of brick and even more if you fill them with concrete mortar. The distance between the supporting posts should be 1.5-2 meters, not more. The specific value is selected based on the thickness of the beam, which will be used for strapping. If the arbor made of wood will have a beam with dimensions of 100x100, then the distance can be 1.5 meters, if, for example, a metal profile pipe 60x60 is selected, then you can increase the distance to 2 meters.
After all the supports are installed, as well as checked by level, a waterproofing layer can be laid on them. Here you can use different materials. Roofing or roofing material is allowed. You need to fold the material in two layers. It is possible to process supports with bituminous mastic also in two layers. After laying waterproofing or impregnating with mastic, the process of installing the lower harness begins.
The design is fixed either with nails with a length of 150 mm or with screws. In order to increase the strength of the base, it is recommended to use metal corners. It will be ideal if they are reinforced.
Despite the fact that the gazebo is usually summer, quite often many decide to glaze it in order to use it in winter. In this case, a large margin of safety will be needed.
Rack Mounting
After the base has been prepared and the lower harness for the arbor made of wood has been designed, you can proceed to the installation of racks. They are installed in all corners of the structure, in front of both sides of the entrance. In other cases, the installation location is above the support posts. On top of the rack are also connected by a strapping.
At this stage, the most important thing is to install the racks strictly vertically. There is an important nuance here. Using a building level is highly discouraged. The fact is that he has a rather large error, especially in household ones, which are often used in construction. Therefore, to ensure proper installation, a plumb line is recommended.
You need to check the vertical from two adjacent sides so that the racks do not fall in any direction. To fix the vertical racks use jibs. This is a small wooden plank that attaches to the lower harness and to the stand. It is necessary to mount one copy on each side of the support. It is also worth adding that if they interfere, you can make a temporary option, which then can be dismantled without problems.
If the lining of the gazebo made of wood in the lower part is made of opaque material, then you need to do it thoroughly. To do this, the beam is sawn at an angle of 45 degrees, nailed obliquely with two or three nails. After installing each mowing, it is imperative to check whether the vertical strut has strayed.
Middle and upper harness. Floor boards
After all the racks are installed and secured, you can proceed to the arrangement of the upper harness. At this stage, problems usually do not arise. In order to increase reliability, corners are used as in the lower harness. Use of this type of fixation is also recommended for mounting racks, especially if the jibs are not installed permanently. If this is not done, then there is a big risk that the structure will form on one side from the effects of heavy loads.
After that, you can go to the flooring. What to make a floor in the gazebo? It is best to use regular boards - this is the best option. Before nailing them, it is recommended to treat them with antibacterial impregnation in order to significantly increase their useful life.
You can use a variety of compositions. A small nuance is that you need to make sure that the impregnation does not leave an unpleasant shade, if it is not planned to paint the floor or cover with a dark stain, for example. The process of laying the floor should not cause any problems at all. The boards are laid close to each other, and nailed to the lower base. You can use both nails and wood screws.
After the installation is completed, it is recommended that you paint the floorboards, as long as the construction continues, there is a high risk of scratching, staining, etc. For this, varnish or a tinting agent based on oil is most often used. It is important not to confuse here, since oil paint and oil for wood coating are different compositions. The second product is different in that it can have any shade that it will give to the wood after processing, but at the same time it will not paint over the texture of the wood, but will make it on the contrary more expressive, unlike ordinary paint.
How to make an inexpensive gazebo? If you need to save money, installation of the middle strapping is optional, however, if the project was originally developed with its presence, then you still have to install it. Under a bar in racks you need to take out a quarter of the material. Since the structure is being built from a bar 100 x 100, then a quarter is 25.
After all these works are completed, you can process the entire frame and paint it. You can apply the same compositions that were used for flooring.
Roof for arbor
The size of the arbor for a summer residence can be very diverse, here everyone decides for himself. The only thing that is important to remember is the roof installation work. The larger the building will be, the more difficult this stage will be.
While the frame of the gazebo will dry out from impregnation and painting, you can do the rafter system, its assembly. These products are triangles made of wood. Naturally, the roof is installed on top of the frame. It is worth noting that in some projects the roof is somewhat larger than the arbor itself, in some it is not. In this case, this is not provided, therefore they are installed strictly vertically on the upper harness and they are nailed to it.
It is worth noting that making a round arbor, as the masters do, is quite difficult because of the roof. This option is mounted quite simply, but its minus is that even with a slight wind, rain drops will fall inside.
If you need to install a roof with overhangs, then in this case you will have to cut out "subsidence". These are the areas in which the triangle for the roof will "sit" on the timber of the upper harness. The appearance of this cutout has the form of a triangle, and its dimensions depend on the parameters of the beam.
There is a little trick that will greatly facilitate and speed up the process of cutting the landing site. How to make a simple arbor with such a roof? To facilitate the work, it is necessary to cut out the template. To do this, one board is taken, cut to size, substitutes at the junction, adjusted if necessary. After that, all the other boards are simply substituted under the template, and according to its parameters, the required area is quickly sawed.
The method of assembly and types of arbors made of metal
How to make a metal arbor? Firstly, it, like wood, can be of different shapes. Secondly, depending on the chosen project, the method of its installation will depend.
- Concreting support pipes to the ground. After the solution inside the recesses is completely dry, you can start assembling the gazebo by welding all the necessary elements. At the right distance from the ground, as in the case of wood, it is necessary to equip the lower harness if the building should have a floor.
- The second installation option is the manufacture of a shallow strip or column foundation. In this case, the frame for the gazebo will be manufactured separately, and not welded onto the supports. The object is already mounted on the finished foundation, and anchors are used for fasteners.
If we consider these two options, then each of them is characterized by different qualities. The first option is considered more practical and reliable, since the support posts are securely fixed in concrete. In addition, this assembly option is considered cheaper, so if you are interested in the question of how to make a gazebo in order to save money, then you should pay attention to this option.
However, this method is only good if the arbor is made summer. For this reason, the second option is used much more often, since there is the possibility of constructing a closed type of building.
Connection methods and material for work
How to make a gazebo from a material such as metal? If everything is simple with wood and the joining methods are also quite easy, then with metal parts everything is more complicated. The most common joining method and the most reliable is welding. In addition, it is considered quite fast.
However, it is worth noting here that if the gazebo is collapsible, then the individual modules still have to be bolted together. Most often, such product variants are either covered with an awning or covered with a light roof. The advantage of such a structure is that it is quite convenient to store, since it does not take up much space when disassembled.
As for the material for work, the profile pipe is most often used. The wall thickness of such products should be at least 2 mm, but not too thick. The same goes for round pipes. The difference between a profile pipe and a round one is that the second version of the product is slightly cheaper. However, it is more difficult to work with them, since knowledge and the ability to work with the welding machine will be required in order to successfully make a beautiful and durable seam on a round pipe.
The following materials are suitable as racks for construction:
- 50 x 50 mm if slate, profiled sheet or other lightweight material is used as a roof;
- 75 x 75 mm if a heavier tile is laid.
As jumpers, a profile with a minimum size of 20 x 30 mm is used. The maximum material size is 50 x 50 mm. The cross section depends on the dimensions of the structure itself. The larger its dimensions, the larger the cross section should be, and vice versa. For example, how to make a gazebo made of metal with parameters such as 3000 x 3000 mm, with a stand height of 2200 mm. To do this, you need the following:
- pipes for strapping with a total length of 12 m with dimensions 50 x 50 x 2 mm;
- profile pipes for lintels with a total length of 30 m with a size of 40 x 20 x 2 mm, 6 m with a size of 20 x 20 x 2 mm, 14 m with a size of 40 x 40 x 2 mm;
- 2 m metal strips 20 x 4 mm.
Pole installation, bottom harness and racks
Earthwork is exactly the same as when installing a wooden gazebo. The soil layer is removed, sand and soil are poured, if the water leaves well, or clay, if the soil is clay.
After this, you need to start arranging the recess for installing the support. The depth of the pit is 90 cm. A profile pipe is installed in it, after which the empty space is filled up with coarse gravel or construction waste. After this, the posts are fixed vertically, reinforced with supports so that they do not stagger, and the pit is poured with concrete.
You can, again, as in the case of a tree, make a foundation of blocks. The blocks are mounted in the corners, as well as in the middle and in a checkerboard pattern. In the middle, the support is obligatory, since even with a 50 mm rib, a 3-meter pipe sags in the center. All blocks must have one level horizontally.
In fact, the question of how to make a gazebo made of metal is quite simple to solve if, for example, a wooden structure was erected. Since even laying the lower harness is almost the same.
There are some differences. First, the main material is not wood, but a profile pipe of 50 x 50 mm or more. Secondly, there is a difference in the connection method. As mentioned earlier, the best thing is welding. At the corners of the lower harness, all elements are welded together. To successfully install the plank floor, you need to attach to the piping the jumpers from pipes 40 x 20 mm.
As for the height, for a comfortable stay inside, a distance of 2200 mm is chosen. Since the racks will be quite long in this case, it is necessary to weld the mounting jaws at the bottom. The process is completely analogous to the manufacture of wood jibs, but instead of screws or nails, welding is used for fixing.
Windows for the gazebo
In the end, it is worth adding that the gazebo is quite realistic to make suitable for year-round use. To do this, you can install soft windows for the gazebo. That sounds pretty weird.
The thing is that they are made of polyvinyl chloride. This is a superior quality film with a dense structure. This material has become an excellent alternative for PVC double-glazed windows. They are most often refused to install in structures such as arbors, as this will significantly increase the cost of the object.
Polyvinyl chloride film can be used all year round. It perfectly protects from wind and rain in the summer, and in winter keeps snow well. , , , 100% . , ( ), .
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