Probably the most common and commonly used adhesive is water-based glue. They use it almost everywhere: they glue postal envelopes, leather products and various fabrics, label bottles and produce stickers, glue parquet boards and various types of plastic, drywall, laminate and much more.
General characteristics of water-based glue
The principle of operation of such an adhesive is very simple: the water naturally evaporates, thereby increasing the adhesion of the composition, due to this the materials reliably connect. To glue materials as tightly as possible, it is necessary that the evaporation of water occurs completely. To do this, after the glue is applied to the surface, it must be left for some time. The term varies from a few seconds to several minutes and will depend on the chemical constituents of the glue.
Sometimes water-based glue requires tight adhesion, since it does not initially have high adhesion and is used to glue water-resistant and high-temperature joints that do not require high strength. Such an adhesive composition is highly environmentally friendly, since it does not contain various chemicals, for example, a solvent. But this can be considered a disadvantage, because for drying and achieving high adhesion it will take quite a long time.
Like any other substance, the described glue has its advantages and disadvantages and, despite this, is quite popular. Today, the market offers many different options, among which you can choose the most suitable acrylic adhesive based on water. This composition has certain features. Water-based acrylic adhesives are based on synthetic fiber.
Types of adhesive
Water-based glue comes in several varieties:
It is considered the most common. This is a white suspension with crushed polyvinyl acetate in the composition. Therefore, glue is called that. It also includes water, but its content here is small - only 5%. PVA glues porous materials well: wood and materials based on it, drywall, foam, etc. The manufacturer promises frost resistance up to 4 cycles. The glue does not emit harmful substances into the environment, is not explosive and is quite simple to use. PVA is divided into building and universal.
This glue has an elastic film base. It is often used in outdoor advertising, for applications in transport, advertising on stands, shop windows and more. If such glue is used indoors, the manufacturer does not limit its shelf life, since it is not exposed to aggressive environmental influences, such as sudden changes in temperature, humidity, etc. Polyacrylate glue varies in its composition and properties. It is heat-resistant, elastic, soft, with high adhesion, resistant to moisture, various oils, salts, and weak acids. The necessary composition is selected in accordance with the material and scope.
This type of water-based glue has a very wide application. It has a fairly high adhesion and elasticity, which allows you to firmly glue porous materials: cork, PVC, laminate, wood, etc. It is applied with an even thin layer with a brush or spray. The pre-bonded surface must be degreased and cleaned of dirt and dust. Coat both surfaces with contact adhesive and dry them a little (5–20 minutes). After that, the parts are firmly pressed against each other, and it is important to initially squeeze the parts strongly. Maximum adhesion is achieved within 24 hours.
Two components are mixed in it - artificial rubber in the form of powder and water. This suspension firmly connects porous materials: foam, drywall, particleboard, etc. Latex adhesive penetrates the porous structures of the material, improves adhesion of surfaces, providing high quality and elasticity of the seam.
- Water dispersion adhesive.
It is based on the dispersion of PVA and water. This glue is absolutely non-toxic, odorless, therefore it is often used in residential premises. But it also has its drawback - it dries for a long time (usually 4-6 days). It glues moisture-resistant wood species, for example, oak. The price here will depend on the amount of water in the composition: the price is lower if there is more water, but the scope of application is also narrowed.
Glue for shed
Thin sheets are called thin sheets of alloys. Plaster moldings, ceramics, plastic, cardboard, metal, wood, glass are gilded and silvered with such material. In order to conduct this procedure efficiently, it is important to choose the right glue.
Water-based poured glue is often used. This substance also has its own varieties. There is a white glue that discolors after drying. Surfaces without primer are decorated with paste. For delicate artwork use glue in a tube, pencil or marker.
Glue for skin
Water-based skin glue may vary. PVA, contact, and latex are suitable here. Very often, in the leather and footwear industry, it is latex glue that is used - a type of rubber composition, that is, a solution with an organic base, by and large consisting of water and rubber diluted in ammonia.
For bonding leather and materials from it, latex glue with synthetic rubbers is used. As a thickener, a polymer soluble in the oligomer and sodium polyacrylate are used, which is a wax-like mass.
As you can see, water-based glue can be completely different, and they choose it depending on the material and the specific situation.