Who are seeds? A bit about P2P networks

It is difficult today to imagine a person who would not use torrent trackers at least once in a lifetime. Yes, it is illegal, but, in the end, the amount of money saved by downloading pirated copies of money is impressive and makes you continue to do this shameful, but profitable business. However, it often happens that, using Peer-to-Peer networks, people have no idea how they work: who they are, what the download speed depends on, why you need to distribute it, and so on. We will talk about all this in this article.

Peer-to-Peer networks are voluntary associations of computers around the world to share information over the Internet. The advantage of P2P networks is that by combining multiple participants, speeds that were previously unthinkable for data transfer can be achieved. The thing is that, as a rule, for any Internet connection, the speed of sending information is less than the speed of reception - and it does not matter, we are talking about a normal home PC or a powerful server. Now imagine what will happen if tens of thousands of users start accessing the same server at the same time in order to get a pirated copy of a new movie? The server is guaranteed to fail. That is why P2P networks operate on the principle of "you to me, and I to you", that is, data is exchanged directly between users' computers, while the copy itself is not stored on the tracker (a server that monitors data flows and directs them). Seeds and banquets are peer-to-peer networks. Despite the fact that the network has such a name, peers are not the only, moreover, not its main participants.

Who are seeds? When you first hear this word, an association with small fairy-tale creatures comes to mind, but in reality everything is much simpler. Sides are those participants in the data exchange process that have already downloaded the full file (that is, all its segments), and, accordingly, can send it to other users. Very often on the forums of trackers you can find the phrase "not enough distributors", and so, distributors - this is the seed.

With the concept of "feast" is a little more complicated. If there are no doubts and disagreements about who the seeds are, then there are two points of view about feasts. According to the first, any participant in a P2P network can be called a feast (in fact, that's why it is called peer-to-peer), but some experts believe that peers are only those who are in the process of downloading (they are also sometimes called personalities). The author of this article considers the first point of view more correct, since then all three concepts - seed, feast and lich - are logically consistent: the concept of "feast" is generic in relation to the concepts of "seed" and "lich". Thus, each feast can either immediately become a seed (in case it creates a new distribution), or first become a lich, download the distributed file, and then turn into a sid when data is sent from other computers to other users. Naturally, the more seeds are distributed, the greater the speed of the jump can be achieved by the lichs, but an increase in their number leads to a decrease in the speed of the jump.

We hope that from this article, our readers understand how P2P networks are structured, who are the seeds, lychees and feasts. I would like to add that we recommend that you download using P2P networks only those materials that do not violate anyone’s copyright and are freely distributed. We also recommend that you be grateful to those who create distributions, leaving the downloaded files on their computer in order to distribute them to other peers. In this way, you continue your distribution life and enable more people to enjoy a good movie or music.

We wish you interesting distributions, wide channels and many seeds!

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/A8110/


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