Preschool age of a child is characterized by rapid development of his body. At this time, there is an active formation of the nervous, skeletal, muscle systems, improvement of the respiratory apparatus. Therefore, this period is very important for the physical development of the child and his health. The physical education of children has a huge impact on their mental development, on the formation of many positive character traits: initiative, activity, endurance, etc.
Physical education of preschool children includes: physical development, protection and promotion of health, hardening, formation and improvement of motor skills, as well as hygiene skills.
In
infancy, the child’s life is completely dependent on his parents. Therefore, it is they who are obliged to provide him with full-fledged
physical development, to create all the necessary conditions for this. Their task: to organize the proper nutrition of the child and create comfortable conditions for his stay. To do this, it is necessary to adhere to the rules of hygiene and regimen, apply hardening elements, do gymnastics with the baby. You need to drink and feed the baby on time, bathe and wash, regularly walk with him in the fresh air. He urgently needs a light body massage by stroking, and air baths, and gymnastics for arms and legs. All this will contribute to the fact that the child will have a good sleep and a good appetite, and this will provide him with a joyful mood for the whole day and help him to develop physically.
When the baby grows up, learns to walk, talk and understand human speech, he must be taught the ability to independently take care of his body and maintain his health. The child should know why to use soap, and be able to do it. He must be able to brush his teeth correctly (up and down) and know why this is necessary; to cut nails and hair; use a comb and handkerchief; rinse your mouth after eating; tie shoelaces; do not drink raw water, etc. The child should become in the habit of wiping shoes at the entrance to the house or apartment, monitor the cleanliness of his clothes and shoes, protect toys and surrounding objects, always be neat and frugal.
A huge role in this matter can play a personal example of parents. If a child sees that parents regularly wash their teeth, brush their teeth in the morning, walk in clean and tidy clothes, wash their hands before eating, spend a long time in the fresh air, play sports, take care of nature - the child will unwittingly adhere to these rules and do everything like adults do.
Physical education of preschool children provides for the continuous formation and improvement of motor skills.
Active movements have a beneficial effect both on the development of the muscles and skeletal system of the child, and on improving the functions of all its organs.
A huge role in this belongs to morning gymnastics, outdoor games (tennis, towns), the implementation of certain elements of sports games, such as hockey, football, basketball. The formation of motor skills is facilitated by: cycling, skating or rollerblading, skiing, swimming, classes on the Swedish wall , etc.
It is very important to correctly select physical activities for preschool children so that they are feasible, but not too light.
Physical education lessons for children in kindergartens contribute to the development of specific muscles of the preschooler, the formation of the correct bending of the spine, the strengthening of ligaments and joints, positively affect the activity of the cardiovascular system, form the arch of the foot, and also favorably affect the overall physical development.
Physical education of preschool children provides for regular hardening of the child’s body, which will help the child quickly adapt to changes in weather and other living conditions.
Perhaps the simplest and most effective way is long walks and outdoor
games in the open air, as well as swimming in open water (in summer) or in the pool. For babies, you can use an ordinary home bathroom, bathing them in water with a temperature of + 36-37 degrees. Such procedures are pleasant for children and help to significantly strengthen the immune system.
They will help to develop immunity and wet wiping the arms and legs of children with a towel dipped in cool water. It is advisable for babies to do such procedures as often as possible, and each finger should be wiped separately, while combining water procedures with body massage.
Invaluable help in hardening a child will be provided by barefoot walks on the ground, grass or along the "health path", but in no case on asphalt. The child should sleep lightly dressed, in a well-ventilated area.
Methodically well-organized physical education of preschool children, including the systematic strengthening and protection of health, the development of skills and movements, hygiene, as well as the use of hardening elements, will provide invaluable assistance to the child in his full physical development.