Data is a variety of types of information systematized according to certain parameters through a form. What is data? Conventionally, this is all that can be calculated and generalized, represented in the form of a certain sequence or combination, formula, or numerical expression. That is, all the information of a particular subject area that can be placed in a template or matrix.
Application
It is customary to distinguish the main data types based on their characteristics, values (semantics) and operations that can be performed with them. The most widely used are numerical data, monetary, character, time and date.
Base: Definition and History
Database (DB) is the set of all data organized for optimal interaction and quick access to them. Such a system allows the user to work with large volumes of information resources, spending a minimum of time and effort on this. Base is an object that constantly changes its state with respect to the entered data. The main advantage of the database is the fact that when working with information we do not ask questions, what is data, and in what sequence should it be entered? All information resources entered into the computer are automatically distributed and systematized in the database. Its occurrence can be attributed to 1955, when they learned to process data using a programmable file model and store them on punch cards.
Types of bases and their functions
Databases are centralized and distributed. The centralized database has a single organization structure, which can be accessed in full from any computer. A distributed database consists of disparate segments stored on different machines on the network. Such information is combined using a special management system.
Databases can also vary by storage location: they can be local or network. External storage (hard disk), random access memory or optical server disks are used as information storage.
Any data operations are carried out using control systems - special programs. They carry out the following actions:
- base creation;
- filling;
- storage;
- ensuring access security and data confidentiality;
- data movement, their interaction with other programs;
- adjustment;
- Search;
- final formation of responses to inquiries.
Simplified operation of any control system can be represented as follows: creating a new database - entering data and editing them - processing information in the database (what data is, what data is present in the database, how it can be grouped) - information output.
Data table structure
To
store information in a database, a data table is used. Such a structure is necessary to determine the data address in the database; it is generated by the intersection of rows and columns in the table. The database structure is defined by fields (columns), and the content is defined by records (rows).
What is data? These are variables that can be substituted into certain fields. Fields are created for certain types of data: date and time, integers, currency, symbols. Each field has its own properties, which determine the type of input data, operations that can be performed with them, as well as the number of characters entered. The field can be given a name and signature, length and other values. Thanks to modern database technologies, the process of working with information has become as fast and convenient as possible, and the electronic devices that carry out this work have acquired a compact form and a control system accessible to everyone.
We hope the information provided in the article will be useful to you.