Although the modern benefits of civilization have taken a wide step, it is far from always possible in rural areas to connect your housing (cottage, country house, etc.) to the central sewage system. In this case, there is only one way out: to construct an individual sewage system, i.e., on the territory adjacent to the house.
We select a place
A self-constructed drain pit is not the most difficult thing, but it requires some knowledge and consideration of certain nuances. First of all, you need to decide on the place. On the one hand, too much remoteness from the house is fraught with unnecessary consumption of pipes and additional efforts and costs for their installation and installation. On the other hand, the location of the cesspool near the dwelling threatens with an unpleasant smell, and whole hordes of flies, and various infections. Consequently, a do-it-yourself drain pit should be dug up at a distance of about 8–9 meters from the
wastewater source
. It is necessary to provide for remoteness from the garden, garden and other land where plants you eat are planted - from them the pit should be located at a distance of 30-35 meters. The same distance should separate it from the natural sources of clean, drinking water (wells). And another moment: sooner or later, but the drain pit, dug up with your own hands, should be cleaned, and not by you, but by a special
sewage machine. Therefore, the access to the tank should be convenient, wide enough and not cluttered with anything.
Sizes of the waste block
Now a question about dimensions. It is important especially when suburban housing is supposed to be used constantly, when a lot of water will be spent on sanitary and hygiene and household needs. Per person (on average) you need to “book” from 0.5 to 0.8 cubic meters of the total tank volume. Therefore, depending on how many people are in the family, a drain pit with their own hands is set up. Such indicators as the depth of freezing of the soil and its composition are also important. If there are a lot of clay impurities in the earth, liquid leaks through it for a long time and accumulates. To reduce the number of problems, dig a drain with a volume of at least 7 cubes for 3 people, 9 for four, etc.
Than to surround
Digging up a tank is half the battle. The next important step in how to make a drain pit is to choose the material with which to lay it on the inside. It is not recommended to leave the recess in a purely earthen form - it is better to revet it with a cauldron, concrete rings or install something like a plastic "well" inside. Even a metal barrel or case from an old washing machine will do. Although the ideal option is ceramic brick. Plus natural stones. By the way, according to construction technologies, the correct drain pit is a cylinder. This is how the central sewage system is equipped.
Pipe level
Pipes brought to the discharge site should not be laid flat in the ground, but at an angle of 5-6 degrees, not less. And the farther the source of sewage from the neck of the drain well, the greater the slope must be observed. Otherwise, the dirty slurry will begin to stagnate in the pipes, they will clog, and it will not lead to anything good.
Drainage and cover
Drainage in home sewers is necessary. It is made of gravel, stones, broken bricks, and other construction waste. The layer covering the bottom of the pit can range from 25 to 35 cm. The wall lining is completed by centimeters 70-80 to the neck of the tank. And from above, the drain is necessarily covered by a sewer hatch (if the entrance dimensions allow it) or a special plate, heavy and durable enough to make it safe to walk on.