The ability to tie rope knots is necessary not only for tourists. Knots of grapevine, weaving, direct and auxiliary can be useful in everyday life. During the trip, you may need to direct a temporary crossing, use a rope fastener to lower or lift people and cargo. It is easy to close the bag in a special way if the tourist knows how the knot fits.
Grapevine, direct, bulin, marine, fishing
The place at which the ends of the fishing line, ropes, ropes are connected, tangled in a special order, is called a knot. The main number of ligaments were invented by sailors. There are more than 4 thousand connections for ropes for all occasions. For climbers and tourists, several dozens of this variety have found particular use. Travelers use those that minimally wear the rope, maintain their strength, and do not relax arbitrarily. Along with this, such quality as easy untying after loading is appreciated.
Depending on the purpose, practical nodes are divided into several types:
- grasping;
- shock absorbing;
- auxiliary.
In addition, you must know that to connect ropes of the same thickness, use a straight or oncoming, weaving or grapevine (how to knit - below). For safety and non-tightening loops make a simple and Austrian guide, figure eight, nine. These nodes are good for combining tourists in one chain.
Need to fasten for a support or a tree? Weave a noose, bowline or knit a stirrup. The ends of the lines of different thicknesses are connected by an academic ligament using a clew or brom-clew. Grapevine nodes are equally suitable in such cases. Moreover, the larger the difference in size, the stronger the ropes grasp.
Auxiliary and control: what is it and why?
Among the listed diversity, tourists apply only 6-8 options. Some of the compounds glide along modern synthetic ropes. Some of the nodes are outdated, and tourists have replaced them with modified and stronger ones.
The grapevine node, the history of which continues, is traditionally used to bind both ropes of the same thickness, and with different diameters. To maintain the confidence of the connection, “controls” are additionally tied at the working ends of the ropes. So called additional nodules that fix the free edges of the ropes. This method adds reliability to the mount, which is important at high mountain passages. The control nodes are knitted along all the main fasteners. However, double fishing and weaving do not require additional safety measures.
Tourists use auxiliary or special nodes for self-insurance, during rescue events, when raising, lowering, carrying goods. “Amphorae” fix vessels with a neck for transportation or placement in the river (for cooling the drink). Marking nodes indicate the ends of the ropes.
What reduces the strength of the rope?
It is impossible to use twine without a single knot. But if you just tie up at least one tourist node (grapevine or another), the strength of the rope is slightly reduced. This is due to a change in tension during bending and cutting some fibers at the joints. And with frozen or wet twine, ice crystals act on the fibers. During the load, at the bends and loops, the forces are distributed unevenly, the tension of some threads is more significant, others - weaker. The arising forces in the transverse fibers of the bends create an additional, extra load on the straight sections of the rope. The influence of some nodes reduces the strength of the rope to 35-60%. Despite this peculiarity, any ties, including grapevine nodes, do not change the main dynamic qualities of the climbing lasso.
How to save and whether to clean the ropes?
In addition to the practical skill of knitting knots, it is important to properly store equipment and care for the ropes. Experienced tourists pay enough attention to cleaning and packing their "helpers" in climbing the peaks. The first thing to do from time to time is to wash it by hand in warm water and soap. Drying is better in the shade in the breeze. They store ropes, spreading a dense fabric or awning from below, in a place where the equipment is not threatened with pollution by chemicals, sand or earth.
Before the next trip, you should carefully check the integrity of the ropes, the absence of damage. It is important to remember that deterioration of a rope can be caused by heating from downhill or rubbing against stones.
Advantages over the oncoming node
How to tie a grapevine knot? Sometimes it is called "double fishing", sometimes - "double weaving." What did he like so much for mountain climbers? It should be noted that this method is one of the most durable. Using this connection, the ends of flat tapes can be spliced. Fixation of safety lines, loops - guy rods, application for connecting ropes of different gauges - all this is available to double nodes.
With the use of greptvine, there was no need to make safety nodes. This contributes to greater tourist safety, as it saves time and rope length. Another important quality is the minimal effect on the weakening of the ropes, about 6% of the strength is lost. Such a coefficient is not available to other nodes of similar strength.
Specific tourist terminology
For a better understanding of the interesting and useful process of connecting the ropes, we list the basic and generally accepted notation for loops, ends and crossings. So:
- the main one is the fixed or freely lying end of the rope along which weaving occurs;
- running or working is the moving part of the rope;
- open loop - this is not a crossed, doubled part of a twine;
- a closed, inverted bend on a rope is called a peg;
- the half-knot begins knitting of the well-known ordinary household knot;
- fall-off is the girth of a support or tree without crossing;
- a lock is the capture of an object by the full rotation of the rope (360 *), in which the ends of the rope “look” in opposite directions;
- a half-bayonet is a revolution around a support followed by a rope crossing its end perpendicularly (without threading under a loop).
The sequence of obtaining double weaving
How to knit grapevine? The knot consists of half nodes, which are alternately tied with the edges of the rope. First, close, towards each other, lay the ends of the rope. Two bechevs are twisted around one of them (they make two hoses), they are threaded through the turns of the resulting spiral and tightened. Do the same with the other end. Then you need to pull both cords in different directions until the tightened semi-nodes come closer together. The length of the working tails should be 12-20 cm. Control nodes are not required, the connection and so tightly tightened with the load.
If you want to unleash a double fishing grip, pre-pulled the knots in different directions. It is difficult to do, but possible. Then they relax and untie one part. After pulling the rope from the second half-node, it is easy to untangle it.
How to learn how to quickly tie a grapevine knot (photos and tips)?
Sometimes a tourist has to fasten ropes in extreme conditions. Need speed and good practical skills. If you hang on the insurance or hardly keep your balance on a scanty ice platform, every second is expensive. The “motor” memory helps, in which the climber acts without hesitation, his hands move mechanically.
To master dynamic skills, a grapevine knitting scheme is used and the following methods:
- Using the features of visual memory, it is necessary to learn consistent patterns and instructions. Repeated training in tying “without a hint” will make it possible in the right situation to easily recall the whole process and the answer to the question of how to make a grapevine knot.
- Remembering the exact sequence of movement of the ends of the rope in the process of practical work on the connection creates the desired algorithm of action in the head. Quality and speed depend only on the number of repetitions.
If you use these two methods in turn or in a complex way, the brain and hands will learn not only the grapevine nodes, but also other special compounds. Instructors recommend immediately accustom yourself when tying any knots to leave for safety reasons a rope "tail" with a length of at least 5-7 cm.