Veliky Novgorod is one of the largest cities in the north-west of the European part of Russia. It is the capital of the Novgorod region. It has a long and vibrant history, which is reflected in the sights of the city. The population is 222,868 people. Area - 90 km 2 . The climate of Veliky Novgorod is cool, moderately humid, similar to the climate of St. Petersburg.
City geography
Veliky Novgorod is located on a vast lowland, in the valley of the Volkhov River, at a distance of 552 km northwest of Moscow. The distance to St. Petersburg is only 145 km. Time in Novgorod corresponds to Moscow time. The climate of Veliky Novgorod favors the growth of temperate forests.
Ecology of Veliky Novgorod
Air pollution in the city is considered low. The greatest contribution to it is made by the exhaust gases of automobiles. The role of industry is gradually decreasing.
At the same time, the water in the Volkhov River is characterized as polluted. The main pollutants are: iron, manganese, copper, organic matter. The radioactive background is normal.
A problem for the ecology of the city and its environs is the large number of discarded mercury lamps, as well as dumps of municipal solid waste.
Veliky Novgorod has a large amount of greenery, which has a softening effect on the microclimate. Vegetation also reduces the concentration of harmful impurities in urban air.
The climate of Veliky Novgorod
The temperate continental climate of Novgorod is somewhat more severe than the climate of St. Petersburg, which is associated with a greater distance from the seas. In general, the climate is characterized as relatively cold. Winters are moderately frosty and snowy, and summers are cool and damp. The average temperature of the winter months is -10 ° .
Climatic winter begins in mid-November and lasts until April. In late January - early February, quite severe frosts are not uncommon. The absolute minimum for January is - 45 °, and in February - 39 °. The thickness of the snow cover in the vicinity of Novgorod can sometimes exceed 1 meter.
Summer is not hot at all. The average July temperature is only +17.5 ° C, and in June and August it is a couple of degrees cooler. Autumn is long.
The absolute maximum temperature in the city is +34 ° C.
The average temperature in Veliky Novgorod is +4.3 degrees.
The annual rainfall is 550 mm. The wettest months are July and August (71 mm per month), and the driest months are February (22 mm per month). Humidity is usually high - around 85%. The frequent invasion of cyclones from the Atlantic makes the weather unstable and easily interchangeable. In autumn, rains are often lingering.
Although sunny warm days happen in the city, the weather is often gloomy and damp. It often rains in summer. In September, and sometimes in August, the first frosts are already possible.
Urban transport
Veliky Novgorod is a major motor hub. Federal and regional highways pass through it. There is a bypass road that reduces the flow of cars within the city. In addition to the increased number of personal cars, public transport is also developed in Novgorod: trolleybuses, minibuses and buses go.
Novgorod is also an important railway junction.
sights
The main part of the sights of this city are numerous historical and architectural structures. Here are buildings dating back to different historical eras, including pre-Mongol time. There are also many museums in the city. Among them:
- Novgorod Museum-Reserve;
- china museum;
- Museum of Artistic Culture;
- Museum of Wooden Architecture.
The climate of Veliky Novgorod is not extreme and resembles the climate of nearby St. Petersburg. It is influenced by both continental and oceanic air masses. The weather in Veliky Novgorod is often gloomy and damp.