Chin allergy is a fairly common problem, and many people think that it most often occurs in children. But in fact, such rashes can also bother adults.
There can be many reasons for such reactions. Sometimes it is a food allergy, in some cases a drug allergy. Cold or sunny urticaria is not excluded.
Causes
The appearance of a rash on the chin is caused not only by allergies. It can be skin diseases of a viral (herpes) or bacteriological nature. Sometimes it is acne due to endocrine dysfunction. The so-called chin allergy in men can be an irritation or reaction to shaving products.
Therefore, only a doctor can say what specifically provoked the appearance of a rash in a particular case. He will focus not only on the appearance of such rashes, but also on the symptoms accompanying them.
Causes of chin allergies may include the following:
- Reaction to food. Most often it occurs in children, but it happens that with age a person does not outgrow it. And then hyperreactivity on peanuts, strawberries, citrus fruits, seafood, etc.
- Direct contact with allergens in cosmetics.
- Negative effects of external factors: frost or ultraviolet rays (cold or sunny urticaria).
- The reaction to certain drugs. Many believe that we are talking mainly about antibiotics such as tetracycline or penicillin. But in fact, some drugs for the treatment of the cardiovascular system (for example, Amiodarone), cytostatics, aspirin, as well as other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can provoke such a reaction.
Thus, the direct cause of the disease is the hypersensitivity of the body to certain substances that enter it through the respiratory system, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract. There, these substances are recognized by the immune system as foreign, which triggers its reaction.
Other factors
For the development of allergic reactions is also important genetic predisposition. In addition, provoking factors include:
- lack of vitamins, mainly A, E and ascorbic acid;
- impaired function of the immune system;
- stressful situations, etc.
Recommendations
Only a dermatologist can determine the cause of a rash on the chin. And if it is really caused by allergic reactions, additional tests will be necessary to identify the allergen.
Symptoms
As a rule, a rash on the chin is not the only manifestation of an allergy. It all depends on the amount of the provoking substance and the severity of the reaction. In most cases, in addition to a person's rash, itching is worrying.
Depending on how the allergen entered the body, a runny nose (if we are talking about irritants inhaled with air, for example, pollen) and increased lacrimation. If this is a food allergy, then a digestion function is possible, most often this is manifested by a disorder.
In severe cases, angioedema and even anaphylactic shock are possible. The danger of such conditions lies in the fact that this is an internal swelling of the respiratory system, in which a spasm of the larynx can occur, and in the absence of adequate medical care, they can lead to death.
With contact dermatitis, a red rash and swelling usually just appear on a limited area of the skin where there has been contact with an allergen (for example, with a cosmetic product). Sometimes peeling occurs at this place.
Allergy to the sun and cold
With an allergy to cold, acne on the chin is not the only symptom. For example, it can appear as urticaria - when multiple blisters resembling nettle burns appear on the chin and above the upper lip, and sometimes on all exposed areas of the skin. And this phenomenon is accompanied by itching. Sometimes symptoms of mucosal damage are added to it. This is a runny nose, and bronchospasm, and allergic conjunctivitis.
An allergy to the sun may look like red spots on the chin, often itching and peeling are added to this.
Therapy
If the chin itches during allergies, other symptoms of this disease are observed, urgent need to stop contact with the allergen. Here, of course, everything depends on what exactly such a reaction develops. For example, with a cold allergy, you need to quickly warm problem areas of the skin - at least cover your face with a scarf or scarf, if it is not possible to go into the room and drink a cup of warm tea.
When it comes to food allergies, it is worth taking enterosorbents in order to remove irritant substances from the body as soon as possible.
Local treatment
In addition, doctors prescribe local treatment: ointments and creams with antihistamine and anti-inflammatory effects. For children, for example, this is Fenistil, produced in the form of a gel. For adults - “Trimestin” and other ointments based on glucocorticosteroids.
However, it should be remembered that they have quite serious side effects, so you can not use such drugs for a long time.
And, of course, the most important part of treatment is taking antihistamines. Previously, it was mainly Suprastin and Tavegil, today more advanced tools have appeared, which will be discussed below.
If you treat an allergy to the sun, then, in addition to antihistamines, local treatment is necessary. Basically, these are ointments based on glucocorticosteroids (prednisone, hydrocortisone, etc.). Also, doctors recommend starting taking antioxidants, of which the most important are vitamins C and E. In addition, nicotinic acid is prescribed.
Other measures
You can not be limited only to cream or oil after tanning. The fact is that if you do not treat such an allergy, then relapses will already be much more difficult. And instead of the initial rash, eczema may develop. Therefore, if photodermatitis (the so-called allergy to the sun) occurs for the second time, then in the future, contact with ultraviolet rays should be avoided in every way.
And not just give up tanning, but even going outside in the summer, put on a hat or cap so that a shadow falls on your face.
Antihistamines
Today there are new drugs for allergies, much more effective than Suprastin and other previous generation products. In addition, they cause fewer adverse reactions. These are mainly second-generation products.
The benefits of second-generation products include:
- fast onset of the desired effect;
- high duration of action, due to which they can be taken once a day (residual action can be observed for another week after their cancellation);
- the absence of side effects that were characteristic of the first generation drugs (drowsiness, sedation, etc.);
- complex action, since they possess not only anti-allergic, but also anti-inflammatory properties.
Second-generation drugs include Fenistil, Loratadin, Allergodil, and a host of others. Also in this group of funds is Cetrin. Although confusion sometimes arises here - it is better known as “Cetirizine” or “Zirtek”, since for a long time it was distributed under this trade name.
What can Cetrin be used for? From any symptoms of allergic reactions. For example, it can be not only a rash, but also rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and other diseases. It is allowed to give it to children from the age of six months, but only if there is medical supervision.
True, these drugs can not be called an ideal choice, since almost all of them have a cardiotoxic effect.
Third generation drugs
Considered a more advanced version of the described tools. Indications for their use are the same as with other antihistamines. That is, from which "Tsetrin" is prescribed, from that. For example, “Alersis”, “Fexadin”, “Telfast”.
However, doctors believe that the use of third-generation antihistamines is more appropriate when it comes to long-term therapy. That is, it is chronic urticaria or atopic dermatitis, as well as allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, in which the duration of seasonal exacerbation is more than two weeks. They also have an anti-inflammatory effect and do not have a negative effect on the liver.
"Suprastin" and its properties
Today, many patients are still interested in instructions for the use of Suprastin for allergies, as well as other issues related to it, because doctors still continue to prescribe it.
In fact, first-generation drugs will remain in the arsenal of attending physicians for a long time to come. On the one hand, a lot of experience has been accumulated during the use of such drugs, which allows us to predict the mechanism of their action and all possible adverse reactions. On the other hand, it is relatively inexpensive, and therefore available to most patients.
In addition, "Suprastin" is often used in emergency therapy for the relief of acute allergic reactions. An important advantage of it is that it is approved for use by young children. Therefore, it will be advisable to consider this drug in more detail.
The active substance "Suprastin" is chloropyramine. On its basis, other classic first-generation antihistamines are also produced. In addition to having an antihistamine effect, the drug also has an antiemetic effect. In addition, Suprastin has moderate antispasmodic activity.
The therapeutic effect of this drug manifests itself within 15-30 minutes after taking it, so many doctors prescribe it - because of the speed of its action. The maximum effect occurs within an hour after administration.
Unfortunately, Suprastin does not have such a long-lasting effect as second-generation drugs. The effect of it lasts only 3-6 hours. At the same time, it is well distributed in the body, and its excretion is carried out through the kidneys, that is, with urine. It should also be remembered that in children it is excreted faster than in adults. Please note that for children under the age of 3 this drug is not given at all.
Adults are prescribed one tablet 3-4 times a day, children 3-6 years old - half a tablet twice a day. And at the age of 12 years - half the pill, but already three times a day.
Side effects and contraindications
Side effects when taking Suprastin are quite rare, in any case they are temporary in nature, so that after drug withdrawal they quickly pass. Nevertheless, do not forget about such undesirable reactions as drowsiness, dizziness, tremor, cardiac arrhythmia, tachycardia, various dyspeptic symptoms, urinary retention, etc. If such reactions occur, you should inform your doctor.
Contraindications to its use are lactose intolerance (it is part of the drug as an auxiliary component), an acute attack of bronchial asthma, as well as hypersensitivity to the main substance.
Although there are no direct contraindications for taking this drug during pregnancy, doctors emphasize that no studies have been conducted regarding its safety for the expectant mother and child. Therefore, in such cases, it is better to look for a safer drug among the means of the second and third generations.
With caution, this remedy is prescribed for certain types of glaucoma (due to the ability to increase intraocular pressure), prostatic hyperplasia, chronic liver and kidney diseases, and the presence of cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion
Allergy treatment requires an integrated approach, therefore it is recommended to consult a specialist in a timely manner for a full examination and the appointment of effective therapy.
It is not recommended to take various drugs on your own, as they can only aggravate the situation. Yes, and medications are prescribed depending on the diagnosis, which can only be made by a doctor, based on the results of tests and examination of the patient. Therefore, before starting treatment, be sure to consult your doctor.