Probably, many people know that one of the main and main economic indicators of any production is the cost of goods or products. Theoretically and practically, knowledge of the concept of cost makes it possible to analyze and plan production activities at any enterprise. Such a concept as the full cost takes into account all costs incurred by the enterprise in the course of production of products, as well as their implementation.
The cost of goods is one of the most important components of any sale. This is true in view of the fact that it is not possible to calculate the correct price of a future product or service without cost. Particular difficulty in determining the cost is for novice entrepreneurs, for the first time faced with this issue. At the same time, it is worth noting that it is from studying the concept of the full cost and obtaining skills by definition that any business should begin.
It should be clearly understood that the total cost is the sum of the cash costs that are spent in the production and sale of finished products.
Determining the cost of production is not too difficult - you only need to know the actual data that the company has.
So, the instruction for calculating the cost:
- The methods by which the cost is calculated are not numerous - there are only two of them. They are represented by a calculation based on a calculation and a calculation based on an estimate of production costs. Using estimates of production costs makes it possible to calculate the cost of the total volume of products manufactured by the enterprise for the year. This method has another name - budget.
- This method involves the operation of nine articles of the same name, which are summarized. The result of this summation will be the cost of total production for a time period of one year.
- Initially, the cost is calculated, which characterizes the main materials that make up the manufactured products. For this, the costs are determined that entail the use of additional materials used at intermediate stages of production, but which are part of the finished product.
- It is necessary to take into account the cost of semi-finished products, as well as finished products purchased from other enterprises and which are part of the manufactured product as a result. In addition, you need to include fuel and energy costs.
- The calculation of the costs of the wages of all employees for the year. It is also necessary to calculate the funds spent on additional wages - 12% of wages. It is necessary to take into account contributions to the compulsory social insurance fund, the amount of which is 38% of the amount of the main and additional wages.
- Includes the amount of depreciation, as well as the costs incurred in the course of the maintenance of equipment and tools required in production.
- Using the calculation method, it becomes possible to calculate the cost of each product. The use of this method involves the operation of thirteen articles, which are summarized, as a result of which the cost of production is obtained.
- In addition to the calculations listed above, you should add the costs incurred during the sale of products, as well as other production and non-production costs.
The total cost of production is calculated by the formula, which includes indicators presented by the cost of basic materials (MO); the cost of additional materials (MV); the cost of the purchase of semi-finished products (PF); transportation costs (TR); the cost of technological energy (E); depreciation charges (A); basic salary (ZO); additional salary (ZD); deductions for social insurance (OSS); factory expenses (); shop expenses (CR); non-production costs (NR).
Total cost (PST). Calculation formula:
PST = MO + MV + PF + TR + A + E + ZO + ZD + OSS + TsR + ZR + NR
Using this formula assumes that the costs of implementation will be accounted for separately.