In the insurance procedure, two main entities are distinguished: those who insure (insurer) and those who insure (insured or insured). There are such types of insurance as compulsory and additional. In any form, insurance entities are independent and equal parties from a legal point of view.
Who are insurers?
An insurer acts as an insurer , which has the right to do so, since it has received an appropriate license to conduct this activity.
The activities of the insurer are based on the conclusion of insurance contracts with citizens or legal entities who are trying to protect their property, life, health or other values.
Insurers can join in groups if several large companies take major risks at the same time.
There are times when insurance contracts require reinsurance. In these cases, the insurer is replaced by the reinsurer.
For companies operating abroad, the inclusion of so-called intermediaries in the contracts of interested parties is typical.
Who are policyholders in insurance?
These are citizens or business entities that enter into relationships with insurers and pay insurance premiums.
Between the subjects of insurance contracts are governed by federal laws.
When paying insurance premiums, a citizen or an economic organization has the right to receive money from the insurer in the event of an accident resulting in the loss of property or other human values. If it is liability insurance or personal insurance, then the compensation is transferred to another person specified in the contract.
In this process, policyholders insure their interests or those of the other side, that is, they can conclude insurance contracts for their property or other values, as well as register third parties in the document.
What types of insurance can be divided?
Allocate insurance compulsory and on a voluntary basis.
In the mandatory rights and obligations of insurance entities are regulated by legislative acts.
In voluntary insurance, a contract is concluded between the participants in the process, by which the rules are established. At the same time, other parties may also take part in personal insurance, in whose favor they have concluded an agreement.
Features of voluntary insurance
In most cases, contracts between insurance entities are concluded on a voluntary basis in the event that an unforeseen situation arises in the life of the policyholder that would deprive him of certain values. Therefore, it is generally accepted that here the concepts of "policyholder" and "insured" coincide.
Also, there are cases when these subjects do not match. For example, if an organization insures its subordinates against an industrial accident. At this point, the company acts as the insured, and employees as insured.
It is common among people to insure the life of children or to the procedure for the birth of a new family (for marriage). In this process, parents act as insurers, and children as insured.
We can say that the insured person is a citizen whose life, health, property or pension is insured by the relevant organization. At the same time, he either voluntarily agreed to this, or it was his duty in accordance with special federal law.
What is compulsory insurance?
This is the form in which compulsory insurance entities build their relations at the law level.
The difference from voluntary is that the policyholder is obliged to insure the property or life of other people. And also his responsibility to them.
The insurers are the ministries and federal executive bodies, which are allocated funds for this from the budget at a certain level.
The law provided for a state insurance procedure in order to ensure not only the social interests of citizens, but also the interests of the state itself.
What is property insurance?
The subjects of insurance in this case are both individuals and organizations, enterprises, institutions and even tenants who take property for storage.
In the property insurance contract, the second owner may be indicated, which becomes the main insurer in the event of the death of the first.
Rights of Insured Citizens
The insured person is a citizen having the following rights:
- In the event of an insured event, these persons are entitled to receive assistance at any medical institution if they have a compulsory medical insurance policy.
- They have the right, at their discretion, to submit an application to choose the insurance company they like .
- In the event of a change of residence at any time or no later than November 1 of the current year, apply for a change of such organization.
- Demand information to insurers and policyholders.
- Receive timely insurance coverage established by the law of the Russian Federation.
- Protect your rights in court.
- To make proposals on tariffs for insurance premiums not only to insurers, but also to the Government of the Russian Federation.
In addition to the insured person himself, his family also has the right to insurance coverage.
Obligations of the insured individuals
Along with rights, every citizen has a number of specific responsibilities. These include the following:
- Timely provide insurers with documents that confirm the right to insurance coverage.
- Pay delays without delay if required by law.
Of course, insurers also have their rights and obligations. Consider them.
Fundamental Rights of Insurers
Insurers, or insurance companies, are entitled to:
- Examination of the validity of the insured event.
- A thorough check of documents confirming the payment of contributions.
- Not accepting payments for compulsory insurance if the insured person has transferred them in violation of the laws of the Russian Federation.
- The requirement from the insured transfer of funds - arrears on insurance premiums and interest on them.
- Imposing a fine for late payment of mandatory insurance premiums.
- If the law allows, then insurers can provide the insured with a deferral of payment of contributions.
- Realization of insurance of individual entrepreneurs.
- Protecting your rights in court.
All rights of insurers are fixed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
The main responsibilities of insurers
Their responsibilities include the following:
- Justify insurance premium rates for employers and trade union organizations.
- Collect contributions and pay insurance coverage on time.
- Apply measures for your financing and constantly report on your stability to policyholders, insured citizens, public and state organizations.
- Keep a record of insured persons and policyholders, as well as contributions received.
- If this is provided for by federal law, then insurers are required to register policyholders.
Informing policyholders on all matters relating to compulsory insurance is free of charge.