Security is a state of security that a person feels. A special role in modern society is played by school safety, since it is here that the largest number of young children are concentrated, and it will not be the slightest labor to influence their activities.
Background and events
Safety at school is largely due to the tragic events that often occur in educational institutions. A striking example of this is the capture of students in the city of Beslan. Moreover, in addition to terrorist acts, there are natural and man-made phenomena: fires, mass diseases, poisoning of students, emergency situations of a criminal nature. Any of the above events causes not only numerous destruction, but also entails loss of life, injury, loss of health, as well as severe psychological trauma. That is why safety at school for students is an essential element of activity in an educational institution.
Job descriptions
First of all, school safety depends on the management team. So, in the duties of one of the deputy directors there is a clause on the need to ensure the security of each student.
An example instruction of the school management for ensuring the safety of students is as follows:
- Organization of the educational plan.
- Ensuring compliance with local regulations governing school safety. Instructions, timely development of plans, preventive measures.
- Timely bringing up-to-date information on innovations, changes, and the loss of legal force by certain norms that ensure the state of security.
- The introduction of positive experience, as well as the search for innovative solutions to the problem of ensuring security on the territory of the institution.
- Implementation of methodological work both with the staff of the institution and with students.
The presented list of job descriptions is approximate. In addition, each of the powers should subsequently be realized in the form of practical, more specific measures. Only through coordinated work and the implementation of each item can a high level of child protection be achieved.
Work aimed at protecting against terrorism
The safety of students in the school depends not only on preventive measures organized by the leadership, but also on the theoretical knowledge of the students presented to them by the teacher. And the first topic, which is the basis in the world of security, is the section on countering terrorism and extremism.
This area of ​​activity includes the following activities:
- Regular and timely holding of meetings and meetings regarding the above issues. At these events, teachers can be instructed in safety at school, which is subsequently brought to the students.
- Ensuring proper control over the implementation of preventive measures, which were originally laid down in the plan for a month and for a year.
- Safety at school also means organizing interactions between law enforcement and rescue services and students' parents.
The legal basis for all the above activities is the order of the director, which is issued in the appropriate form. In addition, the director’s job descriptions should always include a clause obliging him to develop a plan or assign one of his deputies to this business. Safety at school is based precisely on this document, which provides for the number of fees, classroom hours, preventive alarms, quizzes, meetings, gliders and so on.
Educational institution security
A particularly vulnerable target is an elementary school. Security here must necessarily include enhanced security of the institution. It can be implemented in two of the most popular forms:
- Watchdog at night.
- In the daytime, the watchman, the teacher on duty, or another representative of the shift watch observes the operational situation at the school.
The guidance is provided by the school administrator. In addition, security checkpoints are an excellent security feature. The introduction of new sites in the school is allowed with the permission of the head of the department of education.
In-Object Mode
Safety rules in the school should be implemented by means of an intraobjective regime, which is controlled by a shift on duty. A package of documents should always be present at the school watch:
- The list of teaching staff, as well as staff on the territory of the institution.
- A list of school officials who have the right to skip outsiders.
- Instructions for the protection of school facilities.
- List of persons officially authorized to guard the institution.
It is worth noting that the list does not end there, since by decision of the school management and district educational institutions the list of documents can be supplemented.
Fire safety
Safety at school does not only consist of preventive measures and plans to counter illegal actions, but also includes the fire condition of the school, as well as the necessary rules of behavior.
The main regulatory document is the Federal Law "On Fire Safety", which indicates a guideline for the development of this field of activity. The legal document identifies the most important issues of the implementation of fire safety, concepts, preventive measures, the algorithm of action in case of emergency and so on.
An analysis of the repeated practice of fires shows that only one fifth of the fires is associated with a malfunction of technical means. 70% of fires occur due to the negligent attitude of those responsible for the prevention of fires among students and the teaching staff.
Fire safety in the school consists of a number of the following activities:
- Compliance with laws and other, including local legal acts. This item also includes the requirements of fire services related to ensuring the state of security in this area of ​​activity.
- Provision and timely replacement of primary means designed to eliminate the source of ignition.
- Safety rules at school imply strict compliance with all requirements of the State Fire Inspection, including the elimination of deficiencies found.
Electrical Safety
The most dangerous in terms of safety at school are electrical and electrical switchboards. Here it is necessary to ensure compliance with the following measures:
- The front door must always be locked. It is necessary to beat it on all sides with tin or other hard-to-get material.
- On the outside of the door there is a sign with information about the purpose of this room, as well as a designated key storage location. Drawing a warning sign with the inscription "Caution! Voltage!" required.
- There should be no foreign objects in the protected room. There should be rubber mats on the floor.
- Any switchboard site is equipped with carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers. In addition, dielectric gloves must be present.
- At school, always lock the doors!
Safety at school
Safety at school for students and teachers is ensured by satisfactory working conditions. First of all, when carrying out pedagogical activities, the leaders of an educational institution should provide a set of measures necessary to protect labor.
Key requirements include the following:
- Briefing. Safety at school cannot be ensured without detailed explanations. There are normatively fixed rules thanks to which the teacher can both carry out daily activities and know the algorithm of actions in case of emergency.
- The presence of legislative regulation. The most important legal document is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, followed by the Federal Law "On the Basics of Labor Protection" and so on.
This item includes not only job descriptions, but also various programs, agreements between organizations (trade unions) and governing bodies, as well as general local acts.
The initial step in ensuring this type of security is to conduct an initial or introductory briefing. In addition, the second safety training at the school is carried out immediately before the start of work - bringing responsibilities on the spot. There are also repeated and unscheduled ones that are aimed at preventing and improving the protection of working conditions.
Sanitary and epidemiological status as an element of safety
SanPin standards must be provided within the educational institution. Such stringency of requirements and numerous sanitary checks due to concern for the physical condition of each child.
State institutions - schools, universities, kindergartens - are required to comply with all sanitary standards. Otherwise, even if all the safety elements are in order (fire, electrical safety), the inadequacy of food standards, domestic security is the basis for the liquidation of an educational institution.
Law enforcement
Of no small importance is the interaction of the school and law enforcement agencies. Moreover, such a merger can be both closely related activities and jointly conducted events, for example, a school safety week, conducted jointly with the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Constant interaction with authorities can be expressed in regular school attendance by inspectors of responsible institutions, as well as other public service workers. In addition, law enforcement officers can exercise their powers directly on the school grounds, namely, to conduct checks regarding anti-corruption activities. Another area of ​​research may be the detection of narcotic substances, which have recently been widely used among schoolchildren.
Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, as part of preventive measures, can take part in extracurricular activities, conduct lectures, lessons, and so on. This form of work is able to convey to students the most complete way information:
- the presence of sufficiently frequent terrorist acts;
- on the prevention of public order violations on the school grounds;
- the detection of explosive devices and other suspicious objects;
- on the identification of persons capable of committing an offense in the school.
In addition, preventive measures, together with law enforcement officials, are as follows:
- Development and implementation of a classroom plan regarding the prevention of traffic accidents and injuries.
- Building a culture of safe behavior on the streets and roads.
- Ensuring the interaction between the teaching staff and the traffic police.
- Involving parents in the prevention of road traffic injuries.
- Learning the rules of the road.
- Creation of an orderly educational and material base for ensuring safe behavior on roads and streets.
- The availability of methodological documents for compliance with traffic.
- Analysis and formation of conclusions, based on statistics on road traffic accidents.
civil defense
The scale of the technogenic activity of modern society can endanger not only educational institutions, but also entire areas, cities and entities. Despite the enhanced conservation of environmental potential, school safety should be at a higher level. The actions of officials are important to indicate in the job descriptions in civil defense.
About 80% of industrial accidents are associated with human activities and low professional training of employees. However, a systematic study of probable emergencies can help not only quickly mobilize, but also prevent the situation.
Civil defense in an educational institution is the responsibility of school principals. The most common expression of security in civil defense is the design of the "Civil Defense Corner." It helps to understand alert signals, as well as determine the order of actions in conditions of both peacetime and wartime. Hazardous areas where emergency situations may occur may also be located here.
Any field of activity of junior and secondary educational institutions is regulated by regulatory legal acts. In order to provide a school safety plan, it is necessary to fully and fully comply with the requirement of both federal legal documents and local acts.