Concerns associated with the redevelopment of housing - a fairly common phenomenon. This topic is especially relevant for owners of their own apartments located in newly erected buildings. Before carrying out major repairs, their owners have to think about a plan for the placement of sanitary equipment. The most problematic is the question of how to properly place the toilet?
On the relevance of norms and standards
Mostly redevelopment is the physical or visual expansion of the premises. Less commonly, in reducing and saving space. Owners who decide to make major repairs have problems if plumbing is already installed in the apartment. Its dismantling and transfer to another place is a serious procedure, which requires special permission. The project of repair work must be agreed and legalized with the further inclusion in the technical passport of the apartment. It is impossible to get to work without permission, as ignorance can damage the load-bearing wall, which will lead to the destruction of the entire house. In order to avoid this during the installation of plumbing , there are established norms and standards in which such parameters as the height of the toilet bowl, the size of the restrooms, the height of the ceilings and others are already prescribed at the legislative level.
Regulations
The previously existing document “Sanitary-and-technical equipment of buildings and structures” (SNiP І – 28-75) lost its force after the introduction of the new “Internal sanitary-technical systems” (SNiP 3.05.01–85). The new document applies to work with hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, drains in industrial and residential buildings. The information required by residents to replace indoor appliances with sanitary value is contained in this document.
Primary requirements
The standards for the distribution of plumbing, as set out in the document, provide for:
- the distance from the toilet to the bidet should be 0.25 m;
- mandatory availability of free space in front of the bath or shower - 0.70 m;
- the free space in front of the toilet should be 0.60 m;
- on the sides of the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the presence of free space - 0.25 m;
- the space near the washbasin should be 1.1 m long and 0.7 m wide;
- shower faucet should be located at a height of 1.2 m;
- the height of the toilet should be 0.6 m.
About the variety of standards
Currently, there are numerous factories, plants and companies specializing in the manufacture of plumbing equipment. Domestic and foreign manufacturers produce their products, focusing on the regulations in force in their country. Plumbing standards become internal and lose their relevance. But, nevertheless, they continue to remain standards, and they should be adhered to if the owner of the apartment does not want unnecessary problems during planning or major repairs.
How to choose a toilet?
A well-maintained bathroom is an integral part of modern housing. One of the main and essential elements of any toilet is a toilet. Now in the plumbing market, there are many different models that have their own design features. Different companies use their technologies in the production process, products are made from various materials. Products made from sanitary faience are in great demand today. When choosing a toilet should take into account the needs of the family, the number of people, the size of the room in which the installation is planned. The choice is also made taking into account the individual characteristics of the consumer. For large people, it is advisable to select a high toilet equipped with a wide bowl. For slender, a narrow model is ideal. According to the recommendations of experienced plumbers, when choosing a toilet it is best to focus on the highest member of the family.
“Monolith”: compact model
The toilet combined with the tank is called the "Monolith". In production, it is carried out with the help of a single casting and has an integral structure, which allows you to save space during the installation of equipment, despite the fact that the dimensions of monolithic toilets are identical to conventional ones. Therefore, these models are also called "toilet bowls compact":
- product height can be more than 0.8 m;
- the length of the toilet is 0.7 m;
- width - 0.38 m.
Types of structures
By the method of installing compact toilets, their types differ:
- Outboard. They are equipped with separate tanks, which are installed in the wall or behind the partition. Products with this design are not mass-produced.
- Floor compacts are considered the most common.
In the form of construction there are:
- oblique;
- horizontal
- vertical.
When creating toilet bowls, compacts, first of all, the physiological parameters of a person are taken into account, and then - the inventions of the designer.
The products having a micro-lift - a mechanism that provides a smooth lowering of the seat - gained great popularity. Such products are quite expensive.
Budget model
Among cheap compacts, products of economy class should be distinguished. These are toilet bowls of the Russian manufacturer Sanita Luxe.
Those wishing to purchase a high-quality, but at the same time, inexpensive toilet can opt for the Russian compact model. It costs up to 2000 rubles. Sanita Luxe uses porcelain in the production of toilets. The products are equipped with a lid and a bottom water supply to the drain tank. These toilet bowls are notable for their affordable price, they are characterized by a high-quality fastener method, a wide variety of bowls, an effective flushing system and an additional anti-spatter function. The type of toilet, the material used for its manufacture, the design features inherent in the product, and additional functional elements significantly affect the value formation of the model. At their price, Sanita Luxe toilets can be expensive, mid-price, and cheap.
Options
Toilet bowls manufacturer Sanita Luxe come in two flavors:
- Floor standing. This is a classic option. It is installed on a special leg, which smoothly passes into the bowl.
- Outboard. These products are primarily intended for toilets with limited space. Such products are more aesthetic and elegant than floor. This is due to the fact that no communication is visible on the wall mounted toilets . The floor during their installation is not deformed. As a result, space is visually freed. Convenience when cleaning indoors is also considered an advantage.
Parameters
Indicators of suspended products:
- the height of the toilet bowl from the floor should be 35–40 cm;
- width 35–37 cm;
- length or depth 48–70 cm.
Wall hung toilets are characterized by considerable strength. They are capable of supporting 400 kg.
The toilet bowls of this manufacturer contain such an additional element as a side skirt. It covers the lower base of the toilet and prevents its contamination. This toilet model is ideal for a room with an area of more than 6 square meters. meters.
Despite all its advantages, wall-hung toilets are less popular than floor-mounted.
Requirements for a children's toilet
Parents of children who have reached the age of four should start teaching them how to use the toilet. It is not difficult to cope with this with the help of special nozzles - child seats, adapters, lining for toilets and children's toilet circles.
According to GOST 30493-96 “Ceramic sanitary ware”, children's toilets must comply with the established standards:
- length - 405 mm;
- width - 290 mm.
Many manufacturers, when creating their products, do not always strictly adhere to these standards. But, nevertheless, plumbing products for children of many manufacturers have approximately the parameters corresponding to GOST:
- Children's toilet “Kid” has a length of 55 cm, a width of 28 cm, the height of the bowl is 325 mm, the height of the product is 725 mm;
- The Bembi children's toilet has parameters 555x345x670 mm;
- children's toilet “Vershok” - 630x300x640 mm.
Toilet with step
The main objective of this model is to provide the child with the opportunity to sit on the toilet on their own. For boys, this step allows you to write while standing. Without a step, this does not allow them to do the standard height of the toilet. When buying coasters, parents should pay attention to the width of the base and its cover. This recommendation is due to the fact that the wide step is safer for the child, as the probability of falls is excluded. To this end, the developers of children's steps (stands for toilets) provides a special rubberized coating that eliminates any sliding. The coasters are lightweight, so that the child, if necessary, can independently move them, as he is comfortable.
What should be the toilet for the disabled?
For the elderly and people with disabilities, special plumbing is provided. Its feature is the presence of armrests, handrails having a protective coating. They are intended to provide support to a person when he stands, sits and walks in a bathroom or toilet. It is important that the armrests have high strength, which would allow them to withstand heavy loads. They can have a design of three types: folding, rotary, stationary. The main thing is that a person with disabilities should have enough free space and can easily use a toilet, bath or sink.
The toilet for the disabled is equipped with handrails having a folding design. In the production of these armrests, anodized aluminum is used, which is able to withstand a weight of 300 kg. The height of the toilet equipped with such armrests may be greater than the standard model. This size is ideal for people with disabilities and older people who have sore knees. Installation must be carried out so that the top of the seat from the floor level is 500 mm. Thus, the design of the toilet corresponds to a wheelchair. Plumbing products for the disabled are limited products and are classified as specific products. Its characteristic feature is its high cost. At the same time, production volumes are quite small. The main objective of such products is to ensure that a person with disabilities is not constrained in their actions, but can use the toilet on their own, without resorting to outside help.
The correct selection and installation of the toilet is the key to the improvement of the bathroom in the apartment - an indispensable component of the comfort of a modern home.