Information on what is targeted training will clarify the safe execution of production processes. This should be known to the heads of enterprises, organizers of public events. Written or oral acquaintance of employees, users, tourists with the rules of conduct in a particular territory will provide them with safety. Obligatory and guiding requirements, conditions, sequence of work performance are brought to the attention of listeners or readers. The concept of what the targeted briefing is revealed specifically in the rules, the study of which is useful to the authorities and special units for the safety of their employees, guides of excursions, trips, holidays. It is carried out when a group of citizens needs to understand the principle of operation of new technology, learn about dangerous areas along the way, and eliminate the consequences of an accident or natural disaster.
Production instructions
The Labor Code in article 212 gives clear instructions to managers of manufacturing enterprises about conducting conversations with employees regarding labor protection. The legal act describes information on all preventive actions against accidents at workplaces, the rules and what targeted training is. There have been changes in state standard specifications - No. 12.0.004-90 was replaced by No. 12.0.004-2015, where Rosstandart recommends the procedure for conducting informative conversations with a specific audience. The law allows company management to independently develop training and information schemes. The director of the company must bring the material to the heads of departments so that they can explain to staff what production is targeted training, what it gives and how it differs from the rest.
How many species are there?
At workplaces, employees holding relevant positions whose responsibility it is to train newcomers and give introductory instructions hold interviews of an explanatory nature. Instructions voiced by them contain rules of conduct, requirements for careful work with electrical installations, devices and devices. Such conditions are read out both in the form of repeated instruction, and in the form of:
- introductory;
- primary;
- unscheduled;
- target.
Each written and oral message on a specific topic has its own script and is repeated with a certain frequency.
Destination and direction
Targeted briefing at the workplace is necessary before a hazardous or critical event of a one-time nature. Suppose a group of workers was sent to provide a shop for reinforced concrete structures with metal parts. This is a very dangerous area, every minute a hot panel descends onto the site. The main work is performed by professionals.
For procurers, targeted instruction is read out during work on the side. Exactly the same instructions are received by cleaners of production sites, workers at loading or unloading products, if the operation is performed at hazardous facilities. For example, in the area of operation of a tower crane at a construction site.
In addition, an emergency, natural or man-made disaster can occur in a country where human hands cannot be dispensed with. The leader, sending the group to assist the victims to eliminate the consequences, clearing the rubble, should instruct the immediate assistants.
In what order do the events take place?
There are certain requirements and conditions for carrying out each informative and practical action. The Director General instructs the head of the labor protection department to appoint a responsible safety engineer. The selected candidate is informed of the manager so that he is aware of who conducts targeted training if necessary.
If the enterprise is small and there is no separate unit, such functions are performed:
- construction superintendents;
- masters in the shops;
- teachers in educational institutions.
Rules:
- all employees involved in one-time work will be given an explanation of caution before they begin to complete the task;
- employees should not refuse such conversations in the liquidation of accidents and the consequences of emergency situations;
- if the specialist is confident in the actions at his workplace, he may not come to listen to the instructions;
- each event with targeted instructions is recorded in a special journal.
The organizers of the event are responsible for the order and safety of employees during mass vacation trips.
The rules of conduct, which are included in the concept of targeted instruction, must be read to the participants.
What programs work?
Regardless of whether it is targeted or repeated instruction, it is preliminarily developed. The project must comply with a special program, approach the nature of the work, the subject of the event, before which the employees should be instructed about the possible danger. When the instructions already exist, then they are updated, modified or adjusted to suit the upcoming celebration or scope of work. The new version is approved by the director. Each briefing conducted must be recorded in the journal provided for these purposes.
What are they doing?
Instructions defined in a specific situation are necessary for a single case. Targeted briefing, preparation of necessary documents, its implementation are planned in advance. The work includes development, writing, transfer to electronic form, printout on paper. Special magazines are prepared by engineers of the safety department or specialists of units replacing the unit of labor protection.
Such instructions are intended:
- to conduct explanatory oral discussions about the rules of conduct in life-threatening areas;
- that employees read written forms, familiarize themselves with the possible occurrence of threats, unforeseen situations, protect themselves with careful work and knowledge to prevent from adverse incidents, loss of health, and injuries;
- in order to transmit useful information about all activities on this topic, employees must adhere to the necessary recommendations on the protection of labor processes;
- to train staff in dealing with cases that threaten the enterprise;
- to familiarize employees with the principles of operation of new equipment, what requirements they need to comply with.
A specialist who has studied the subject, which brings to the attention of the audience, with experience in this field and should conduct training.
Field Prevention
The order of the targeted briefing requires you to start it in the following cases:
- if mass entertainment is planned with a trip to the countryside, a tourist trip to historical places is organized, a corporate party is planned;
- employees are involved in activities not related to their duties by job, on a community work day, repairs outside the enterprise, loading and unloading materials;
- meteorological conditions are worsened, and production processes are associated with the natural environment;
- employees are called to correct the consequences and damage caused by natural disasters, fire, accident.
Preventive guidance will protect workers from accidents during production cycles, on vacation and when visiting excursions.
In what cases is an unscheduled briefing conducted?
GOSTs and standards approved by ministries apply to all types of briefings. If it is necessary to communicate unscheduled guidelines to employees, they can be approved when:
- modernization, improvement of technological processes, other equipment, tools, devices;
- introduced new laws, regulations governing working conditions and the protection of work processes;
- developed or changed instructions that correct previous requirements for the protection of production processes;
- a specialist was absent for a long time at work in hazardous production;
- there were violations by safety personnel that led to grave consequences;
- new requirements of regulatory bodies in the field of safety at enterprises have been issued.
The decision to conduct an unscheduled briefing can be made by the production manager or the head of the safety department.
What are the rules?
Unscheduled recommendations are brought to the attention of the staff if the work takes place in an environment and circumstances that require special knowledge. When modernization occurs in the workshops, new equipment is installed, training is needed for its maintenance and repair. In order to avoid accidents, the workers of this production site are introduced to the processes and safe operation. Then develop a separate program for the volume, content and specific situation.
Before conducting informative conversations, the event organizer himself takes a training course to bring his knowledge to employees, to be able to answer all questions related to safety and machine maintenance. Unscheduled instructions are carried out similarly with other types of recommendatory learning processes.
To avoid danger in a specific situation, it is necessary to conduct a series of conversations that:
- introduce threatening factors;
- contain instructions;
- through control questions test knowledge;
- recorded in the journal.
What goal do you achieve?
To teach safe work so that the employee can put his knowledge into practice - for this purpose, create safety departments, develop instructions and introduce staff to them.
When a program is needed for the next briefing, they take into account past mistakes, incorrect actions that provoke industrial accidents. Such actions give full-time employees the possession of skills.
Employees can not be confused in an emergency:
- provide first aid on time;
- use protective equipment correctly;
- navigate in the evacuation plans of the premises in case of fires or floods.
Features of individual industries
Each business sector is endowed with its own specific features, which are regulated by regulatory acts. Conducting briefings of any nature depends on the conditions in which people work. Programs are created in certain situations, circumstances require security, their implementation. The successive stages are all identical and do not depend on the nature of production.
The training part consists of several parts:
- identify and identify hazardous areas that could harm workers if the equipment is improperly handled;
- acquaint service staff with the facility;
- give instructions to learn;
- explore safe tricks.
The final part consists of consolidating the acquired knowledge in practice. At some enterprises, employees are allowed to work after the exam, answers to all questions asked. In any case, registration in magazines is required. On the one hand, the work carried out is recorded. The same notes allow you to at least partially avoid liability in unforeseen emergencies. Inquirers will first of all check how knowledgeable the employees are about the rules of conduct and work at production sites. Officers are required to receive a salary for the proper implementation of all labor protection instructions.