Vaginal plastic surgery (colpoplasty, vaginoplasty, intimate plastic) is a type of surgical intervention that involves the effective removal of sprains and internal injuries, restoration of muscle tone lost for one reason or another, and also the restoration of the natural structure of the vagina.
The operation is carried out not only for medical reasons, that is, to eliminate pathologies of the pelvic organs and various gynecological diseases, but also for aesthetic. Back or front vaginal repair is a technically difficult procedure. During the intervention, the doctor must not only narrow the genitals, but also restore the anatomically correct structure of the female organs.
Further, we will focus on indications for surgery, contraindications, preparation, the course of surgery, as well as recovery from vaginal plastic surgery. Let us consider in more detail a wide range of issues related to this manipulation. Also, attention will be paid to reviews of vaginal plastic from women who have already undergone this procedure.
Medical indications
During plastic surgery of the vagina, the shape of the penis, changed for any reason, is normalized. During childbirth, the female body experiences extreme stress, during the passage of the baby through the birth canal, the walls of the genital organ are significantly stretched. In some cases, labor can be accompanied by muscle breaks of varying severity. These muscles support the internal organs of a woman in a physiologically normal position.
To prevent excessive blood loss, doctors usually suture (if they are extensive) tears. Scars may remain in place of sutures over time, which significantly reduce the degree of muscle contraction. As a result, the width of the vagina increases, the genital gap begins to gap, the woman's ability to experience an orgasm decreases, therefore, sexual desire also decreases. All this can lead to problems that are completely unrelated to health, namely the violation of relations in the family, between spouses.
In the event that the ruptures are very strong, and the muscles are deeply damaged, the walls of the penis lower, the uterus falls out. As a result, sexual intercourse can be accompanied by painful sensations in a woman; partial or even complete incontinence of urine and gases is noted. It is from these problems that the plastic of the walls of the vagina helps to get rid. However, all sorts of violations of labor, which lead to the fact that the walls of the vagina lose their elasticity, are not the only reasons for the intervention.
The operation (plastic vagina) is performed for the following reasons, they are also listed in the list of indications:
- Congenital features of the anatomical structure of the genital organs. Colposoplasty is indicated for atresia of the hymen (this is an entry obstruction and septum obstruction, which prevents the exit of menstrual blood and secretions), a lack of connection between the uterus and the vagina, doubling of the female genital organs (congenital anomaly, which is characterized by the presence of two separate uterus and two vaginas), complete lack of a vagina in a woman.
- Birth injury. This is the most common reason for surgery for vaginal plastic surgery. A woman may be concerned about the width of the vagina, which after giving birth for a long time does not take its original shape, a decrease in the lumen, excess volume, a change in the position of the vagina due to overgrowing of scars and scars, the appearance of passages between the vagina and the rectum or ureters that form at the sites of deep tissue ruptures.
- Age-related changes. With the approach of menopause, there is a decrease in muscle tone of the perineum, elasticity of the ligamentous apparatus and the omission of the female genital organs. In this case, a woman may experience a sensation of a foreign body, vaginal prolapse may also be characteristic with tension of the abdominal muscles, sometimes it becomes possible to feel the neck when entering the vagina.
Contraindications
Despite the fact that surgical intervention is a rather complicated event from the technical side, complications are rarely noted after vaginal plastic surgery at the control reception. Manipulation has very favorable forecasts. Contraindications to plastic surgery of the walls of the vagina are:
- Diabetes mellitus, that is, the production of insufficient amounts of insulin or the body's resistance to its own insulin.
- The presence of any infectious diseases, including seasonal colds, flu, tuberculosis, STIs, blood infections.
- Oncological diseases of any localization and severity.
- Violation of blood coagulation, taking anticoagulants - drugs that inhibit the activity of the blood coagulation system.
- The tendency to form hypertrophic scars, which are not only a cosmetic defect, but also give pain.
- Some chronic and all acute diseases of the internal organs, respiratory system, heart and blood vessels.
- The presence in the body of acute inflammatory processes.
In addition, the operation of vaginal plastic surgery is performed under general anesthesia, so the anesthetist should also give the go-ahead for the intervention. Contraindications to anesthesia are:
- From the nervous system: the presence of acute neurological disorders, any mental illness, epilepsy, convulsions.
- On the part of the immune system: vaccination carried less than two weeks ago, some types of allergies and intolerance to certain drugs.
- From the respiratory system: acute bronchitis or chronic, with significant obstruction, pleurisy, pneumonia, bronchial asthma during the period of exacerbation.
- From the side of the heart and blood vessels: severe heart failure, frequent crises, severe hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias.
Types of operation
Vaginal plastic surgery is of two main types. In the first case, the patient’s own tissues are used, that is, at first the surgeon dissects the “excess” tissues, which connect the edges of the wound, reducing the lumen of the vagina. This is most often done if the final goal is to narrow the entrance and strengthen the pelvis due to the plastic of the front wall. Muscles during such surgery are not affected, the sutures are applied to the muscle layers, and then the edges of the mucosa are sutured.
Plastic with implants is used to fix the walls when the vagina prolapses or falls. During the operation, the sutures are fixed using a special mesh, which grows with connective tissue and eventually resolves without a trace. This ensures long-term positive results of plastic surgery.
In addition, plastic can be performed on the front or rear wall of the vagina, and the doctor can only advise suturing the entrance to the vagina, and leave the rest unchanged. It is better to rely on the recommendations of a physician who will advise on the best option, depending on the patient’s health status, her wishes and the condition of the vagina.
Also, vaginal plastic surgery can be an independent operation or complex, that is, carried out together with the correction of the shape or fixation of the labia majora, enlargement of the clitoris, and so on.
Preparation for the procedure
Plastic surgery of the vagina after childbirth (as in all other cases) requires careful preparation of the patient. Previously, a woman passes the necessary tests: a vaginal smear for microflora, blood for hepatitis, syphilis and HIV.
Be sure the patient goes through a consultation with a plastic surgeon, which includes an examination on a gynecological chair. This is necessary so that the surgeon can obtain information about the condition of the vagina and perineum, as well as select the optimal form of the operation.
In addition, the woman will have to visit a therapist during preparation for vaginal plastic surgery, take a chest x-ray, ECG, and undergo other tests to make sure there are no contraindications. In some cases, the list of analyzes and studies may be expanded. Usually, the final list of assigned specialists and tests depends on the patient’s health status and the volume of the proposed intimate vaginal plastic.
A meeting with an anesthetist is also required, which must confirm the absence of contraindications to general anesthesia.
The patient must follow the following recommendations before surgery:
- Refuse alcohol and smoking two weeks before intimate plastics.
- For a week, start taking antibiotics and antiviral drugs that will avoid suppuration or relapse of viral infections after surgery. The prescription for such medicines should be prescribed only by a doctor.
- For a day, limit your diet to a light breakfast and drink a minimum of 1.5-2 liters of clean water without gas. On the day of the plastic surgery, you can not eat or drink anything.
As a rule, intimate plastic is performed in the first days after the end of the next critical days.
Operation
The average duration of surgery is from 30 to 60 minutes, a complex operation lasts 1.5-2 hours. Intimate plastic surgery is performed in an operating room equipped for general anesthesia. For pain relief, an intravenous or inhaled method of administering anesthetics, epidural anesthesia with drug sedation can be used, which makes it possible to create the most comfortable and safe conditions for the procedure.
The vagina is reduced by removing a small portion of the tissue. If the front wall is stretched, then the plastic of the front wall is performed, if the back wall is the posterior colporaphia. Careful excision of scars, if any, is provided. If surgery is necessary to treat urinary incontinence, special threads are passed under the urethra to prevent it from dropping.
After the operation, there are no visible signs of interference. Further, the patient should remain in the clinic for some time, where qualified doctors will permanently monitor her. After plastic surgery of the vagina, bed rest and treatment of the entrance to the vagina with antiseptic douching is shown. Before leaving the hospital, the woman is given general and individual recommendations, and after some time a follow-up appointment is made.
Rehabilitation period
Full recovery after surgical or laser plastic surgery of the vagina lasts about two months, for about another year a woman needs to observe some restrictions in her lifestyle, for example, not to lift objects that are heavier than five kilograms. In the postoperative period, the first three to five days should strictly observe bed rest (at this time the woman is still under the supervision of attentive doctors). Within ten days, it is undesirable to sit down. For another two months you can’t do serious housework, exercise or lift heavy objects. You can also ride a bicycle.
During the year after the intervention, you can not lift weights, the weight of which is more than five kilograms. This is a great reason to give other people the opportunity to take care of you.
Immediately after the plastic surgery of the vagina (photo below) you can’t eat, you can only drink fruit drinks or clean water. The first two months you need to eat only those foods that will not cause increased gas formation, bloating, because it can provoke problems in the functioning of the pelvic organs, as well as increased abdominal pressure. It is necessary to reduce the amount of solid food in the diet, as it can cause constipation.
Postoperative sutures from the perineum are usually removed on the seventh-tenth day, and they are not removed from the vagina at all, since absorbable threads are usually used for vaginal plastic surgery. Within a week after surgery, you need to treat the area with an antiseptic solution.
Within 2 months after the plastic surgery of the vagina (the uterus is in most cases not affected, unless this is necessary), intimacy should be abandoned, in the second month only vaginal contact is prohibited, but you can have anal and oral sex. Even the excitement in the first couple of weeks after the intervention can have a negative effect: this will provoke blood flow to the organs, which can cause seams to diverge, and also increase postoperative edema.
The consequences of the operation
Of course, during the rehabilitation period, the patient is very likely to encounter some adverse effects of vaginal plastic surgery. After the operation, marked swelling of the genital organs is noticeable, painful sensations or hematomas may appear. Severe edema, as a rule, disappears in the first two weeks of the recovery period. This effect is completely eliminated by itself in about two months. Painful sensations in the lower abdomen also pass quite quickly, namely in two to three weeks. Pain is usually of moderate intensity, so painkillers may be needed.
Subcutaneous bruises do not require additional treatment, only if they do not grow and are not accompanied by pain. In the latter case, be sure to consult a doctor. The pelvic organs are well supplied with blood, so that suddenly opened bleeding can lead to significant loss of blood.
Plastic before delivery
For medical reasons, plastic vagina can be performed on nulliparous girls. But it is very rare. In this case, after the birth of the baby (if it is not cesarean), a repeat of the procedure will be required. Also, women who did vaginoplasty after the first birth need to plan the recurrence of the operation after the birth of the second or third baby.
Combination with other operations
The front or back plastic of the vagina can be performed as an independent operation, or in conjunction with other types of procedures. For example, sometimes such surgical intervention is combined with an operation to strengthen the pelvic bones, that is, levatoroplasty.
Operation cost
In Moscow, several clinics can do vaginal plastic surgery for medical reasons. In the treatment and rehabilitation center near the Spartak metro station, the procedure will cost from 30 thousand rubles, in the clinic of laser cosmetology and medicine Vita - from 26 thousand. About 40-50 thousand rubles worth plastic vagina with prolapse or other problems in the clinics "Happy Family" and "Estet Clinics." In the "Frau Clinics" operation will cost at least 70 thousand rubles.
Minimally invasive methods
Correction of the female perineum can be carried out by minimally invasive methods. So called operations that are performed without incisions, but only through minor punctures or natural physiological holes. Perineoplasty with a thread (narrowing of the vagina, an alternative to intimate plastic) strengthens the perineum, creating an organic framework. The duration of the procedure is about one hour, and the patient can return home on the same day. The result of the manipulation is to improve the quality of a woman's sexual life, the prevention of infectious diseases of the vagina and the omission of the pelvic organs. Perineoplasty is a worthy alternative to the "classic" intimate plastic. The cost of this procedure is 80-100 thousand rubles, excluding the price of threads.
Also, minimally invasive (alternative) methods of vaginal narrowing include laser correction. During this procedure, uniform heating of the vaginal tissues with a laser occurs. In this case, the area of ​​the zone that is affected during the operation is significantly reduced. The laser provokes the work of its own skin cells, as a result, the body begins to actively produce its own collagen, that is, protein, which becomes the "building material", the "frame" of the vagina. It also increases tone, improves the elasticity of the walls, the mucous membrane becomes denser. After the first session, the sensations of intimacy become much more intense.
Carrying out laser plastic surgery of the intimate area does not require any lengthy preparation, as is the case with surgical intervention. Tissues after the laser are restored very quickly, there is no bleeding, the risk of infection or the development of any complications. Indications for laser correction are:
- low tonus of the walls;
- urinary incontinence;
- decreased sensitivity during intimate contact;
- vaginal distension after labor;
- natural age-related changes in the walls;
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Conservative treatment
Plastic surgery of the vagina with prolapse or other female problems is in most cases not the only treatment method. There are still conservative methods that will help with minor problems. It is up to the doctor to decide whether surgery is needed in each case. Firstly, the doctor may advise strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor and ligamentous apparatus using special gymnastics. Secondly, it is recommended to wear special latex, rubber or plastic rings that are worn on the cervix and fix the genitals while in an upright position and when walking. These rings do not interfere with normal life, just do not forget to take them off at night, monitor hygiene and regularly go to preventive gynecological examinations. Physiotherapy and various types of massage are also actively used.
You can train the muscles of the vagina using gymnastics with Kegel exercises or with Pilates exercises. Kegel exercises can bring the vagina into shape literally in six to twelve weeks. In this case, you need to do every day for just five minutes. Here are the basic exercises:
- Squeeze your muscles as if you interrupted the urination process. Three sets of ten squeezes are enough.
- Insert your finger into the vagina and squeeze it several times with your internal muscles.
- Take a comfortable position and tighten your pelvic floor muscles. Hold them like this for 10 seconds, if at first it seems complicated, start with 4-5 seconds. Then relax for 10 seconds. The exercise needs to be repeated 8-10 times.
Reviews about the procedure
Women who underwent surgical intervention speak of a long preparation and a rather difficult recovery period. Standing and especially sitting is very, very painful for another two weeks, no less. Only a month later, many women noted an improvement in their condition and relief of pain. Many patients undergo operations on the back wall much easier than on the front. All women who did vaginal plastic surgery, in the reviews say that you need to choose a good doctor. A physician must be a professional in his field, have extensive practical experience, and be liked by the patient (this is also important for establishing contact with a doctor). As for the results of surgical intervention, all women report a significant improvement in intimate life.
Before deciding on plastic surgery of the anterior vaginal wall (like another operation), you need to carefully weigh all the pros and cons, possible risks and consequences. It is advisable to consult with several specialists before plastic surgery. Doing surgery is necessary only after the birth of the baby. Note that if you want another baby later, the intervention will need to be repeated after the next birth. Thus, you need to think it over very, very well, and only then begin preparations for the operation.