A transport security zone is a transport infrastructure object (or its surface, ground, air or underground parts), as well as a vehicle (or its part), in which, to ensure safety, a special regime is established for transporting things and passage (passage) of people. How to understand this in practice?
Extended concept
In fact, the transport security zone is designed to prevent terrorism on vehicles.
That is, such a security zone is a system of counteraction, prevention and suppression of crimes, including terrorism, in the transport field. This also includes the system of minimizing or preventing moral and material damage from emergency incidents and crimes.
Basic concepts
The transport security zone involves the use of special terms, which we will consider.
An act of unlawful interference is an unlawful inaction or action that threatens the safety of the transport complex and entails harm to human health and life, material damage or poses a threat to such consequences. This also includes a terrorist act.
Compliance with transport safety - the fulfillment by individuals who are in the transport security zone or follow through it of the requirements established by the government of our country.
Certification of transport security forces is the establishment of skills, knowledge, abilities, as well as the level of physical fitness and personal qualities in order to make a decision on the admission or impossibility of such transport security forces to carry out work that is related to the provision of this security or suspension from such work.
Certifying organizations are legal entities that have been accredited by the competent authorities in the field of transport safety. These structures should carry out the functions of creating a state policy for processing information about people who get jobs.
Categorization of vehicles and objects of the transport structure - assigning vehicles to one category or another, which are divided by the degree of threat of an act of unlawful interference and consequences.
The competent authorities in the field of ensuring transport security are executive bodies that are authorized by the government of our country to carry out the functions of rendering public services in the field of ensuring transport safety.
Ensuring transport security - the implementation of state economic, legal and organizational measures in the field of the transport complex, which involve acts of unlawful interference.
The objects
The transport security zone of transport infrastructure facilities is called:
- Subways.
- Bus and railway stations, as well as stations.
- Bridges, tunnels, flyovers.
- Water areas of seaports and sea terminals.
- Ports located on inland waterways in which passengers disembark and disembark, as well as high-risk cargo passes. To do this, you must have a special permit, which is issued in the manner established by the government of our country.
- Artificial islands, structures and installations that are located in the territorial sea, inland sea waters, the continental shelf or the exclusive economic zone of our country.
- Airports, airfields, objects for navigation and traffic control of vehicles and objects of communication systems.
- Sections of roads, inland waterways and railways, landing sites and other facilities that ensure the operation of the transport complex.
Facilities
The transport security zone is a transport complex directly connected to the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to understand what is called vehicles. TS - these are devices that allow you to transport people, baggage, personal belongings, animals, goods and equipment. So these include:
- Road transport, which is used for the continuous transportation of luggage or passengers. This also includes the transportation of passengers and baggage on request and the transport of dangerous goods. The latter requires special permission.
- Civil Aircraft Aircraft.
- General-purpose aircraft, which determines the government of our country.
- Vessels that are used in merchant shipping. An exception is sports sailing, pleasure, artificial structures and installations created on offshore floating platforms.
- Vehicles of urban terrestrial electric transport.
- A train that carries passengers or goods of increased danger.
Sectors
Vehicle safety zones are divided into sectors. Each of them has its own characteristics of passage and passage. Therefore, it is better to consider them separately.
Shipping
The transportation sector of the transport security zone is a section where individuals move through the facility only with passes that correspond to their positions. Material objects are moved according to transportation documents, which take into account substances and objects that are restricted or prohibited from moving.
The transportation sector of the transport security zone is a sterile zone. This includes the first and second floor of the airport complex, that is, drives, inspection points and telescopic traps.
Technological
The technological sector of the transport security zone is a section where access is limited to passengers. And individuals and legal entities move internally through passes that correspond to their positions.
The technological sector of the transport security zone is an economic zone or a restricted access zone. This includes aprons, internal checkpoints, air traffic control facilities, office buildings, the basement of the airport complex, and a cargo terminal. Airport facilities and buildings can also be attributed to the technological sector.
Free access zone
This type of transport security zone is a section that does not require a pass to navigate. This includes the station square at a distance of fifty meters from the walls of the bus station complex, the premises inside the complex, a waiting room, a baggage claim and passenger check-in area, common areas, shops.
Access mode
Vehicle security zones most often have access control. Deputy Director General for Automotive Safety manages the development, implementation and monitors compliance with intra-facility and access control.
In practice, the on-site and access control is controlled by the head of the automobile security service. By the way, other organizations can also do this, but only if a service agreement is signed.
The head of the service and departments is responsible for ensuring the requirements of the intra-object regime and monitoring the actions of subordinates. The leaders of third-party organizations that work on the territory are also responsible for their actions.
To understand what the access regime in the OTI transport security zone is, let’s look at how Domodedovo Airport works.
The airport has the following restricted areas:
- Aircraft.
- Airfield control station.
- Platform.
- Passenger service facilities.
- Administration Buildings.
There are also sterile areas for passengers who have already been inspected before flying.
At checkpoints across the country’s border, additional regime restrictions were established at the airport. It:
- International sector. These are the office premises of the airport checkpoint. They carry out border control of citizens from passport control booths to access to the platform.
- Airport complex. The official premises of the checkpoint at the airport, where the border control of individuals passes from passport control to the exit to the platform.
Passes to the transport security zone are obtained only by people who work in the enterprise. The pass has colored stripes that delimit access areas for the employee. For example, an orange bar is stamped on a pass for employees at Domodedovo Airport. In addition to the bands, the permitted zone is also registered on the pass itself. Such documents are issued only after the issuance of an order for employment.
Permanent passes for employees of a customs post, airport, checkpoint personnel and air force personnel are issued with a written application, which must be signed by the head of the direct organization. The pass is valid for three years, after which it must be changed.
One-time and temporary passes
As for these documents, they are issued to those who need to visit the security zone once. They have a validity period that is limited by the time prescribed in the paper. When time is up, the person who ordered the pass is checked in and passes it to the checkpoint at the time of leaving the zone.
Temporary passes are granted to those people who do not work continuously, for example, at the airport, but they need to appear there from time to time to solve official issues. A temporary pass is issued after the application with the signature of the head of service of the enterprise. The validity of such a pass may not exceed a year. An employee who passes a probationary period also receives a temporary pass.
No passes are provided for members of the aircraft crew. They pass into the controlled area of the airport on their certificates. But they come out for a flight through the airfield control tower of the pre-flight search of personnel.
Checkpoints
They exist to control personnel, vehicles, employees of other organizations and other services.
The first paragraph regulates the passage into the transport safety zone of the enterprise personnel, representatives of third-party organizations and their inspection. At the checkpoint there is a turnstile, there is a radio connection and a telephone, and there is also an alarm system and technical inspection equipment. Inside and outside the item there is lighting. A policeman and an inspection inspector work in a shift.
The second paragraph regulates the access of vehicles, enterprise personnel and representatives of third-party organizations to the controlled area. There are sliding mechanical gates with an automatic opening and closing system. Management of this system is carried out from the premises of the point. In addition to the gates, there is a barrier, turnstile, observation deck, radio and telephone, alarm systems. At the checkpoint there are technical inspection tools, such as a hand-held metal detector, MIS, RTI. Inside and outside the point there is lighting and video surveillance installed. The checkpoint is equipped with a forced transport stop system. Two policemen and one inspection inspector work in shift.
The third paragraph is intended for the passage of personnel of the enterprise, vehicles in a controlled area. The station is equipped with sliding mechanical gates with an automatic closing and opening system. There is also an observation deck with a turnstile and a barrier. The room has a telephone and radio, as well as an alarm system. There are inspection tools and video surveillance.
At each checkpoint there are stands where you can see samples of passes and certificates, as well as samples of signatures of officials. This applies only to those posts that are entitled to sign badges, official documentation and job descriptions.
The procedure for issuing documents
The borders of the transport security zone are strictly guarded, therefore a special procedure for issuing passes was introduced.
First, they are divided into types:
- By the validity period. That is, passes are divided into one-time, permanent and temporary.
- By appointment. Transport, personal and material.
The pass gives the right of passage or passage of people and vehicles. It also allows the export or removal of material assets.
Permanent passes can be of two types. One is issued to employees of the enterprise, and the other to representatives of third-party organizations.
A pass-certificate is issued so that a person can go to the territory. It has been in operation for three years and has a magnetic base. The document is two-sided. The information on one side is in English, and on the other in Russian. Both there and there is an access number, a photograph of an employee, a pass number, a position, the validity period of the pass.
The pass is issued after the CEO issues an order for a person to work. Application for a pass must be signed by the head of the unit.
In order for a person to have access to the transport security zone, this must be agreed with the head of the service, whose production facilities are located in this zone. Why? Otherwise, he will be prohibited from entering the transport safety zone.
Representatives of a third-party organization who work in the security zone on an ongoing basis receive exactly the same pass. The difference is that the pass has a one-sided appearance and is issued for only twelve months.
Since there is only one title page, then all the data on it is written in Russian. The information indicated is the same as in the pass-certificate.
The basis for issuance is considered an application for the issuance of a pass with the specified access zones. The application must be signed by the head of the organization. It is also necessary to coordinate with the head of the OTI unit, which interacts with a third-party organization. In addition, you need a copy of a document that confirms the need for admission of a representative. This may be a contract or other supporting document. If this is not enough, then the security service has every right to demand additional information about the employee, the purpose of obtaining a pass or the organization that the employee represents.
As for one-time passes, they are seized from the person upon leaving the controlled enterprise. At the end of the working day they are handed over to the pass office. A single pass is valid only for the time indicated on the document itself.
Conclusion
As you can see, the transport security zone should be well protected. This is important, because now in the world there are a large number of terrorist groups that do not stop at nothing to achieve their goals. Transport security is designed to prevent the possible commission of crimes or stop it. Such measures may seem too harsh, but it definitely guarantees the safety of both people and material values.
The problem is also that it is in crowded places that crimes and unlawful acts, including terrorist attacks, are most often committed. If you do not pay due attention to the safety of public areas, then everything will end very sadly.
And although for ordinary people such security measures are not quite convenient, but they minimize crimes and their consequences. Everyone should understand that it is much easier to stand in line for inspection than to fly up later from the explosion. Of course, it also happens that such measures do not help, but this happens less and less, because technology does not stand still. This means that now mankind can afford something that twenty years ago did not even dream of. This also applies to equipping checkpoints and transport safety zones themselves.
Therefore, be aware of the delays associated with screening and other ways to protect citizens.