The Bryansk Automobile Plant in Soviet times was almost a closed enterprise. Officially, heavy tracked tractors were produced there. The second and main direction of this plant was the production of military equipment. Since the mid-60s, fundamentally new three-axle floating chassis with all-wheel drive have been designed and created here.
A similar scheme with three spaced bridges allowed to continue moving even if one of the blocks failed. The most popular basis for deploying "light" military systems was the rear-engined BAZ-5937 series. This modification with an onboard transmission and extreme steered pairs of wheels was used for the production of self-propelled machines, the Osa and Tochka complexes.
Features
Chassis BAZ-5937 have a semi-enclosed housing, reliably protected from water, it is made of steel. A control unit is located in its front part, a camera for specific equipment is provided in the middle, and a combined motor-transmission compartment is located in the stern.
The built-in frame, lid reinforcing elements, stiffeners and racks are parts that give the case additional strength characteristics. Stability and movement afloat is guaranteed by a pair of water-jet units. Special vehicles of the first series noticeably differ in the specific blunted shape of the bow. It is worth adding that these cars are not equipped with side windows in the cab, and this limits the visibility and can provoke a traffic accident. The identical arrangement of the base axles is associated with the desire to evenly distribute the wheel loads, as well as to increase the patency of the chassis under consideration.
Power point
To control the turning radius of the technique, the wheels on the extreme axes are steered. A similar scheme reduced the resistance during curvilinear movement. The BAZ-5937 military vehicle has a 5D20B-300 six-cylinder diesel power unit (manufacturer - Barnaul Transport Engineering Plant).
The engine power amounted to three hundred horsepower, a liquid-type cooling system is used. A design feature of the location of the radiator is its horizontal mounting above the motor. The installation is launched in two ways: by electric starter or by supplying air from a high-pressure cylinder.
Transmission and gearbox
The BAZ-5937 gearbox is equipped with a built-in differential, the torque is transmitted using mechanics, there is an on-board power dispersion circuit. The transmission unit is designed to interact with the wheels of both sides.
Wheel suspension unit - independent type, torsion bar, equipped with wishbones. This design makes it possible to significantly increase the smoothness of the ride, as well as to develop a speed indicator for off-road and rough terrain. The wheels are equipped with an air pressure adjustment system. The brake assembly is a shoe-type, sealed equipment with reinforced pneumohydraulics.
Steering
This construction block has a worm-type operation principle with a hydraulic booster; buoyancy of the means is provided by water-jet shutters and directly the wheels. The chassis load rating is in the range of 7.5 tons. At the same time, the maximum speed on roads is 70 km / h, afloat - 8 kilometers per hour.
Additional equipment available on the basis of the BAZ-5937 chassis:
- General ventilation filter installation.
- Heat and ventilation system OV-65G.
- Knots of outflow of water.
- Tank intercom "R-124".
- Automatic fire protection system "Dew".
- Devices of radiation reconnaissance and special information processing.
- Observation devices "TNPO170A" for movement on water, night vision devices.
In addition, an autonomous power supply with a gas turbine was installed on the chassis base.
Other characteristics
When reviewing a BAZ-5937 military vehicle , the technical characteristics of which allowed it to be used both for army purposes and in natural disaster areas, a number of indicators should be noted. These include the following:
- Equipped with sixteen cardan shafts that transmit torque to single-stage final drives and wheel gears.
- The presence of a dry double-disc clutch and a power take-off unit for the generator, pump and compressor.
- On all six wheels, ID-B284 wide-profile rubber tires (1200 * 500/508) are installed.
- There is a system for adjusting the internal tire pressure (1-4 kgf / sq. Cm).
- The fuel tank is located on the left in front of the rear wheel; its capacity is 320 liters.
To understand which gearbox on the BAZ-5937, it should be noted that it is of a mechanical type, has five stages, is interconnected with a dual-mode transfer system, which is equipped with a symmetrical double-sided differential with a lock.
Historical facts
Starting lots had shortened hulls and a flat frontal panel, while the light elements were mounted in protective fences from the sides of the control compartment. With the development of serial production, the only external changes to the BAZ-5937 were the elongated frontal pointed part of the skeleton with mounted headlights, as well as additional cab windows in the corners, which increase visibility.
All options are united by a single track gauge - 2.27 m, ground clearance - 43 cm, turning radius - 12 m. Technique successfully overcame two-meter ditches, thirty-degree elevation. The average fuel consumption is about 40 liters per hundred kilometers.
Prototypes of the technology in question were developed in 1969-1970. The serial production was officially approved in 1972. Ready-made modifications were tested for leaks in a special rain chamber or in open water. The standard disadvantages of all cars include increased tire wear and low power plant efficiency.
Conclusion
According to the reviews of the owners, the BAZ-5937 car, the description of which is given above, proved to be a reliable vehicle on land and water. Its purpose was not limited to the transportation of light and special military equipment. Due to its high cross-country ability, maneuverability, the equipment is widely used to eliminate the consequences of accidents and natural disasters.
Over the years, the demand for a special vehicle manufactured at the Bryansk Automobile Plant has been ensured by a reliable design, a wide range of applications, and the possibility of using it on land and water.