Ventilation in a private house (toilet, bathroom) is a very vulnerable place where there is a large accumulation of microbes, mold, fungal deposits, a high percentage of air humidity favors their reproduction. In turn, this can be dangerous for the life and health of a person - the owner of real estate.
In the article we will look at how to make ventilation in the bathroom of a private house. We also offer some expert advice.
Features of the ventilation duct device
Air exchange in any room is a very important component, especially with regard to the ventilation of the bathroom in a private house, as it provides a pleasant microclimate, prevents the accumulation of moisture, and the formation of mold.
Ventilations designed for residential premises differ and are selected according to a number of criteria. There are 2 types:
- natural ventilation;
- artificial.
Natural ventilation in the bathroom of a private house is organized by creating mines during the construction of the house. They must be cleaned regularly. Artificial is provided by fans and air filters.
Air supply methods
According to the air supply method, the following types of artificial ventilation devices exist:
- Supply - delivers clean air into the house directly from the street or from the room into which the opposite side of the duct was withdrawn.
- Exhaust - draws out the exhaust air from the room using various ventilation devices.
- Recycling - mixes part of the air with the outside, warms to room temperature and feeds back.
How to calculate the required power
To calculate the required power and the required number of ventilation devices you need:
- measure the length, height and width of the bathroom, calculate the area of the room and the volume of circulating air;
- increase the result by five times, but if the humidity in the room is increased, then by 7 times.
Basic norms and requirements
Consider the basic norms and requirements for the manufacture, installation and operation of ventilation devices.
According to the documents regulating building codes and rules, the following is necessary:
- To organize full ventilation, including changing the ambient air in the bathroom at least 5 times a day, and if there are children, then 7.
- The design of air filtration devices must be protected from moisture, getting wet, splashing, and have at least a small level of moisture resistance.
During the installation of ventilation coolers and filters, it is required:
- Choose a location approximately opposite the front door, very high, preferably to the height of the ceiling minus 10 centimeters for mounting the housing and gating.
- In the doorway web, from below, gently make a small hole about two centimeters wide in order for through ventilation to work.
- Limit, create obstacles for liquid and vapor to enter the housing.
- Attach the cooler to the surface qualitatively and reliably so that it does not fall, diving into the water can end up especially badly, because the electronic components of the device simply burn out.
- It is advisable to make a case, which is then attached on top of the fan.
Mounting Methods
The main stages of installation of artificial ventilation of a bathroom in a private house include:
- Preparation of materials, tools, surfaces.
- Mounting the housing for the fan.
- Mounting a fan.
- Design and creation of the correct wiring of the electric cable.
- Performance testing with the elimination of identified problems and the final launch of the device.
The first stage is preparation. It is significant and fundamental for creating a ventilation system in the bathroom in a private house. We will analyze it in more detail in steps.
Instruction for action
Work sequence:
- Clean the existing ventilation duct and shaft, or drill it.
- Prepare an opening for mounting the fan of the desired size in it - the case must freely enter the hole made. To do this, you may need the following tools: a professional manual grinder, a construction chisel, a puncher, a small hammer. Based on the fact that only the grille of the housing should be visible from the opening.
Next, install the casing and fan cooler:
- Attach the housing and the ventilation unit itself to the prepared hole. Carefully, taking care not to damage the main part of the device, the blades and electronics, bring the wires out for the further connection process.
- Secure the body with a fastener, such as liquid nails, superglue or dowels, but suitable in color to decorate and finish the bathroom.
- Use a sealant to arrange sound insulation.
What you need to install a fan
To install and connect an artificial system such as ventilation in the bathroom in a private house, which helps the natural air flow in the ventilation shaft of the house building, you must purchase:
- the ventilating device itself, in terms of power, suitable for the volume and size of the bathroom where it will be installed;
- a pipe or channel that will act as an air duct in the mine, which in radius coincides with the size of the ventilation device;
- adhesive, bonding agent to choose from: liquid nails, superglue, dowels, silicone sealant, mounting foam;
- self-tapping screws, screws, bolts for screwing the protective grille to the case of the ventilating device, depending on the type of holes for installation;
- three-phase mounting cable with a cross section of 3 mm square;
- a switch capable of opening the circuit connecting the power to the ventilation device at the same time as the light (bulb);
- a sealing compound with an antibacterial component for finishing the attachment points to avoid moisture and the formation of fungal and mold surfaces, the growth of microbes and bacteria.
Installation of electrical wiring
After the preparatory and installation processes, the design and laying of an electric cable, dangerous for the repaired building, begins to supply power to the ventilation scheme assembled according to the project. What could be dangerous? Typically, such rooms are deaf, unventilated, with very high humidity, so if careless rash actions are threatened with a shock.
Step-by-step instruction
Step-by-step installation instructions for electrical wiring:
- Complete power outage to ensure the safety of life and health.
- To supply power to the fan, you must select a three-wire cable.
- Supply cable from the bipolar switch to the fan. In a two-terminal network, one contact should be a button, which is a light switch, and the other a ventilation device.
- You can bend the wire only at an angle of 90 degrees, without breaking.
- Place the cable in the holes made by a perforator, corrugation or cable channels to isolate it from moisture. But for the beauty of the premises and the organization will have to ditch the wall.
- When choosing the first option after laying the cable, it is necessary to carry out the finishing work: to prime, coat with putty, after drying, paint or decorate in any other way in accordance with the interior of the bathroom.
- Install a protective grill on the filtering air system. To do this, use self-tapping screws, special latches, glue. Bonding will be the most beautiful option.
- After all the materials have dried, you can try to turn on the power and test run the system.
- Test the system for performance.
- Correct found defects and malfunctions.
Such a system can be done independently or with the help of specialists. There are many companies that repair and install such systems. But professionals recommend doing ventilation in the bathroom in a private house at the construction stage, think about it in advance. If you buy a finished house without ventilation in the bathroom, then you need to properly design the electricity supply, it is better to turn to electricians for help.
Recommendations of specialists
We offer some tips from the masters in order to correctly install and choose:
- Forced ventilation in the bathroom in a private house is very important if it does not work hard enough or cannot cover the air volume of a large bathroom.
- Good natural ventilation in the bathroom helps to increase the safety and durability of the walls and ceilings.
- An additional source is required for continuous fresh air. In this case, the supply and exhaust ventilation in the bathroom of a private house will be a good exit for the owners.