Everyone wants to feel protected. Someone puts locks on the door, someone hires security. Coming into society, each of us puts ourselves at risk. Danger can come not only from people, but also from natural phenomena. The protection of our rights and interests is also necessary. Of great importance is the protection of the future generation. When giving a child to kindergarten or school, I want to be sure that nothing will happen to him. The state is developing a comprehensive security plan for educational institutions.
What does security mean?
Consider what security is. This is a provision in which it is observed that the interests of the individual, state and society are protected from external and internal dangers. This is a condition that is not amenable to the influence of destructive factors.
In 1992, the concept of security was first established at the legislative level in Russia. The Law “On Security” consolidated the foundations, introduced the organization order and defined a security system, as well as defined functions, financing and control methods.
The comprehensive security of an educational institution is, first of all, the confidence that the individual and society within the institution and in the adjacent territory are protected from external and internal threats.
Possible threats
Currently, there are many threats that can violate the safety of an educational institution:
- Socio-political.
- Social.
- Criminal.
- Technogenic.
- Military.
- Natural character.
- Socio-natural.
- Ecological.
- Socio-biogenic.
- Zoogenic.
Safety components
It is necessary to highlight the main components of the security of educational institutions:
- Security entities.
- Physical protection of the institution.
- Educational facility security.
- Technical means to ensure safety.
- Financial guarantees.
- Joint cooperation with security agencies.
Safety exercise
What is required to ensure integrated security in an educational institution, we consider further:
- Engineering protection: installation of alarms, doors, locks, grilles. Providing the necessary equipment.
- Introduction of access control.
- Anti-terrorism measures.
- Compliance with fire safety standards.
- Compliance with labor protection requirements.
- Compliance with safety precautions.
- Knowledge of civil defense.
- Joint cooperation with law enforcement agencies.
- Training staff and students on safety.
- Financial support of security measures for institutions.
First of all, we highlight who should ensure security:
- The leadership of the institution.
- Staff.
- Security service.
- Rescue and relief services.
- Law enforcement agencies.
- District administration.
- Education Management Bodies.
- Health authorities.
Security organization
It should be noted what methods are used to organize the integrated security of an educational institution:
- Training should be conducted not only by the teaching staff and staff, but also by students.
- Joint cooperation with the police is needed.
- Communication with security services and public organizations.
- It is necessary to carry out timely measures to control all structures that ensure safety.
- Control over the selection and performance of official duties of security personnel.
- Constantly improve the methods and technical base for the implementation of protection.
- Knowledge of standards and rights to implement comprehensive protection of an educational institution.
What activities provide security?
Activities of integrated safety planning of educational institutions:
- Organizational activities. These include: the internal routine, control over registration and accommodation, the work of companies renting premises, the procedure and ensuring the holding of mass events, the control of classrooms. Implementation of the safety plan of the educational institution. Organization of cooperation with law enforcement agencies.
- Learning for students and staff. This is training and testing students' knowledge on life safety and labor protection. Also the knowledge of employees on labor protection, civil defense.
- Providing the material and technical basis for enhancing security. Installation of a notification system. Educational literature, manuals, equipment. Improving working conditions. Creation of memos and instructions for action in extreme situations and safety.
- Conducting accident prevention training programs. Providing the necessary literature. Conducting briefings.
- Disease Prevention Modern equipment for medical rooms. Periodic medical examinations. Medical and preventive measures.
- Improving the learning environment. Compliance with the regime of work and rest. Improving lighting and floor insulation. Equipping with sports equipment. Sanitary treatment for the needy.
Each educational institution can make its own changes to the comprehensive security plan of the educational institution.
Educational work with children and adults
It should be noted that it is very important to educate children to act in unforeseen dangerous situations.
It is important to conduct the following conversations with the younger generation:
- Recognition of dangerous situations.
- Conversations about tolerance.
- Culture of interethnic relations.
- Ability to act in emergency situations.
The comprehensive security program of an educational institution necessarily contains work with parents and guardians. It is important to submit for consideration:
- Organization and security.
- Improvement and security.
- Developing attention to children and their surroundings.
- Anti-terrorism measures.
- Ensuring the cooperation of parents in helping to ensure the safety of the educational institution.
- To interest parents in providing technically equipped security.
- Involve parents in financial settlements with security organizations.
The study of all these points will contribute to ensuring a high level of integrated security of the educational institution.
Terrorist threat
Currently, the issue of terrorist threats is particularly acute. Therefore, their prevention and behavior during such situations must be given special attention.
There is a law on countering terrorism, as well as a presidential decree on urgent measures to increase the effectiveness of the fight against terrorism. These laws and regulations contribute to the safety of educational institutions.
The anti-terrorist program of the comprehensive security of an educational institution includes the following requirements:
- Providing and strengthening security.
- Careful selection of qualified security personnel.
- Collaboration with security agencies.
- Strict access mode.
- There should be no unknown objects or vehicles in the adjacent area.
- Repair and construction work in the building is not allowed to carry out unknown, suspicious firms and people.
- The facility must be provided with fire safety equipment.
- Permanent monitoring of territories of mass crowds, as well as basements, attics, fences.
- All work with engineering equipment must be coordinated.
- Constant cooperation with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, as well as with the prosecutor's office and the military registration and enlistment office.
All anti-terrorism protection measures are carried out in accordance with a special document.
MSDS
Some data need to be clarified when filling out the comprehensive security passport of an educational institution.
The sample should contain:
- Name of educational institution.
- Address and location.
- Objects located in the vicinity, bordering the OS.
- The area and boundaries of the territory where there is a large crowd of people.
- The number of people who are simultaneously in one place.
- Name of organizations, phone, addresses that provide security for the event.
- Description of crowded places.
- Information about adjacent facilities.
- Data on how far roads, stations, etc. are.
- Information about the services that serve the public event.
- General information about workers or facilities.
- Information about hazardous areas.
- What illegal actions can be carried out.
- Socio-economic assessment of the consequences of terrorist acts.
- What forces and means are used to prevent a terrorist act.
- Fire safety equipment.
- Assessment of protection measures in potentially hazardous areas.
- In conclusion, a conclusion is drawn on how reliable the protection of mass crowds is and recommendations are given to strengthen anti-terrorism protection.
It is necessary to attach to the passport:
- Act of inspection of the territory.
- The plan diagram.
- Floor plan.
- Photo of the object from different angles indicating the exits.
- Instructions for the evacuation.
- A warning plan and procedure for dealing with a terrorist threat.
- Change Tracking Sheet.
Physical security
It plays a major role in the integrated security of an educational institution. What does it consist of? These are security actions that are carried out jointly with law enforcement agencies. The goal is to prevent and combat illegal acts against students and staff, as well as to prevent damage to property and material values. Security is obliged to stop and prevent illegal actions on the territory of the institution and in it.
What are the physical actions of protection:
- Prevent illegal entry into the building.
- Ensure compliance with access control.
- Monitor compliance with order and discipline.
- Monitor the safety of material values.
Security must meet the following requirements:
- Timely and reliably protect vulnerabilities using all special means.
- Promptly and actively act in the current dangerous situation.
- The service must protect and control those facilities and sites that are indicated in the instructions.
- Protection plans and activities should be constantly improved and implemented.
- One person must manage the system.
- Goals and objectives should be clear and specific.
- Security work is carried out continuously.
Fire safety
Ensuring fire safety is very important. What does it include:
- Fulfillment of fire safety rules and carrying out appropriate measures.
- Providing all necessary primary fire extinguishing means.
- Timely elimination of fire safety violations.
- Warning and evacuation systems must be operational and improved.
- Fire extinguishers are kept normal, recharged and with appropriate pressure.
- Emergency exits and emergency exits must be cleaned.
- Basements and attics comply with fire safety standards.
Documentation
Consider what should be in the development of integrated security documentation of an educational institution:
- Safety regulations.
- Internal orders and documents on the organization of security.
- Instructions for employees studying security teachers.
- Inner order rules.
- Scheme plans.
- Logistics support.
It is important that the educational institution has guidelines for ensuring safety, memos for children and parents, posters and stands, as well as distributing booklets, comics, showing films on the subject of security.
Documents that are necessary when working with security:
- An agreement with a security organization on the provision of services.
- MSDS.
- Security plan.
- The protection plan.
- Protection Instructions.
- Agreement on joint cooperation with ATS.
All comprehensive security measures of the educational institution are agreed with the head and documented.
The duty administrator must have the following documents :.
- Plan of the territory.
- Instructions - on protection, on fire safety, on the provision of medical care.
- ATS inspection acts.
- Phones of emergency services of law enforcement services, Civil Defense and Emergency Situations, rescue services.
- Instructions for dealing with a terrorist threat and finding explosive devices and suspicious things.
- The book of the account of visitors.
- The order of the head about vehicles that have the right to enter the territory.
- Territory Inspection Journal.
- Key storage stand for all rooms.
- Security Watch Schedule.
- Timetable of classes.
- Work schedule sections.
- Alert Scheme.
civil defense
The system for ensuring the integrated security of an educational institution includes civil defense. First, a few words about what it is. These are measures that prepare society for defensive actions in case of danger during the introduction of martial law or its consequences.
Organization of civil defense in an educational institution:
- The manager is required to develop a civil defense plan.
- It is necessary to carry out activities that will contribute to the stable operation of educational institutions in wartime.
- To form, equip and maintain in the form of readiness of civil defense units.
- Train staff and students in civil defense.
- To store and always keep in readiness the means of individual and mass protection.
- Timely conduct and be prepared for emergency and rescue operations.
- The warning system should always be ready.
- Maintain the conditions for fulfilling obligations under the civil defense program.
Personal safety
It should be noted that each person must ensure their own safety, guided by the following principles:
- Know and comply with laws and rules of conduct.
- Observe safety precautions.
- Be able to use protective equipment and safety.
- Observe discipline and exercise self-control.
- Maintain good family and friendships.
- To help comrades in their work.
- Do not have conflicts with law enforcement.
Features of preschool institution protection
We list the comprehensive security measures of a preschool educational institution:
- To organize the protection. Enter the access mode.
- Provide security to modern engineering equipment.
- Provide anti-terrorism protection.
- To establish joint cooperation with law enforcement agencies.
- Compliance with fire safety rules and regulations.
- Compliance with labor protection requirements.
- Organization of events for civil defense.
- Training in culture and safety standards.
- Financial security.
In order to ensure the safety of the educational process, it is necessary to anticipate and consider the real and possible dangers, and for this there is a system of integrated security for educational institutions.