Ion exchange resins are compounds that are insoluble at a high molecular level, which can show a reaction when interacting with solution ions. They have a three-dimensional gel or macroporous structure. They are also called ion exchangers.
Varieties
These resins are cation exchange (divided into strongly acid and weak acid), anion exchange (strongly basic, weakly basic, with an intermediate and mixed base) and bipolar. Strongly acidic compounds are cation exchangers that can exchange cations regardless of
pH. But slightly acidic can function at a value of at least seven. Strongly basic anion exchangers tend to exchange anions in solutions at any
degree of dissociation, at any pH. This, in turn, is deprived of weakly basic anion exchangers. In this situation, the pH should be 1-6. In other words, resins can exchange ions in water, absorb alone, and in return give away those that were previously stocked. And since H
2 O is the multicomponent structure, it is necessary to correctly prepare it and choose a chemical reaction.
The properties
Ion exchange resins - polyelectrolytes. They do not dissolve. A multiply charged ion is motionless because it has a large molecular weight. It forms the basis of the ion exchanger, is associated with small mobile elements that have the opposite sign, and, in turn, can exchange them in solution.
Production
If the polymer, which does not have the properties of an ion exchanger, is chemically treated, then changes will occur - the regeneration of the ion exchange resin. This is a fairly important process. Using polymer-analogous transformations, as well as polycondensation and polymerization, ion exchangers are obtained. There are salt and mixed salt forms. The first involves sodium and chloride, and the second - sodium-hydrogen, hydroxyl-chloride species. Under such conditions, ion exchangers are produced. Moreover, in the process they are converted into a working form, namely hydrogen, hydroxyl, etc. Such materials are used in various fields of activity, for example, in medicine and pharmaceuticals, in the food industry, and in nuclear power plants for condensate purification. An ion exchange resin for a mixed filter can also be used.
Application
An ion exchange resin is used to soften water. In addition, the compound may also desalinate the liquid. In this regard, ion-exchange resins are often used in the power industry. In hydrometallurgy they are used for non-ferrous and rare metals, in the chemical industry they are purified and different elements are separated. Ionites can also clean sewage, and for organic synthesis they are a catalyst. Thus, ion exchange resins can be used in various industries.
Industrial cleaning
Scale may appear on heat transfer surfaces, and if it reaches only 1 mm, fuel consumption will increase by 10%. This is still a big loss. Moreover, the equipment wears out faster. To prevent this, you need to properly organize water treatment. For this, a filter with an ion exchange resin is used. It is by cleaning the liquid that you can get rid of scale. The methods are different, but with increasing temperature, their options become smaller.
H 2 O Treatment
There are several ways to purify water. You can use magnetic and ultrasonic treatment, or you can retouch it with chelators, chelators, IOMS-1. But filtering by ion exchange is considered a more popular option. This will change the composition of the elements of water. When using this method, H 2 O is almost completely desalted, pollution disappears. It should be noted that such cleaning is quite difficult to achieve in other ways. Water treatment using ion exchange resins is very popular not only in Russia but also in other countries. Such cleaning has many advantages and is much more effective than other methods. Those elements that are removed will never remain sediment at the bottom, and reagents do not need to be dosed constantly. This procedure is very easy to do - the design of the filters is the same. If you wish, you can use automation. After cleaning, the properties will be preserved under any temperature fluctuations.
Purolite A520E ion exchange resin. Description
To absorb nitrate ions in water, a macroporous resin was created. It is used to purify H 2 O in different environments. Especially for this, the Purolite A520E ion exchange resin appeared. It helps to get rid of nitrates even with a large amount of sulfates. This means that, compared to other ion exchangers, this resin is the most effective and has the best characteristics.
Working capacity
Purolite A520E has high selectivity. This helps, regardless of the amount of sulfates, to remove nitrates qualitatively. Other ion-exchange resins cannot boast of such functions. This is due to the fact that when the sulfate content in H 2 O is reduced, the exchange of elements. But due to its selectivity for the Purolite A520E, this reduction is not significant. Although the compound has a low, when compared with others, complete metabolism, the liquid in large quantities is purified quite qualitatively. At the same time, if there is not enough sulfate, various anion exchangers - both gel and macroporous - can cope with water treatment and the elimination of nitrates.
Preparatory operations
In order for Purolite A520E resin to work 100%, it must be properly prepared for the purification and preparation of H 2 O for the food industry. It should be noted that before starting work, the compound used is treated with a 6% NaCl solution. In this case, a twice as large volume is used in comparison with the amount of the resin itself. After this, the compound is washed with food water (the amount of H 2 O should be 4 times greater). Only after such a treatment can you start cleaning.
Conclusion
Due to the properties possessed by ion-exchange resins, they can be used in the food industry not only for water treatment, but also for the processing of products, various drinks and other things. In appearance, anion exchangers are small balls. It is to them that calcium and magnesium ions adhere, and they, in turn, give sodium ions to water. During the washing process, the granules release these adherent elements. Keep in mind that pressure may drop in the ion exchange resin. This will affect its beneficial properties. These changes are affected by external factors: temperature, column height and particle size, their speed. Therefore, the processing should maintain the optimal state of the environment. Often use anion exchangers in water purification for an aquarium - they contribute to the formation of good conditions for the life of fish and plants. So, ion-exchange resins are needed in various industries, even at home, as they can qualitatively purify water for its further use.